Evolutionary trajectories of β-lactam resistance in strains.

Unlabelled: Resistance to ampicillin and imipenem in is infrequent. However, the evolution of resistance can occur through prolonged antibiotic exposure during the treatment of chronic infections. In this study, we conducted a long-term evolution experiment using four genetically diverse strains of with varying susceptibilities to ampicillin and imipenem.

Engaging wheelchair and scooter users in the co-design of an mHealth application for fall prevention and management: thematic analysis of focus group research.

This study aimed to explore the potential of a mobile health (mHealth) application (app) to support the delivery of a fall prevention and management program, Individualized Reduction of FaLLs (iROLL), for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and multiple sclerosis (MS) who use wheelchairs and scooters (WC/S) full-time by seeking end-users' input into the functioning and ongoing design of the iROLL-O + mobile app. Two focus group discussions included nine adults with SCI or MS who used a WC/S for at least 75% of mobility, who experienced at least one fall in the past three years and have internet and access to an internet-capable device. One group had prior iROLL experience ( = 4); while the other had none ( = 5).

Evolutionary trajectories of β-lactam resistance in strains.

Unlabelled: Resistance to ampicillin and imipenem in is infrequent. However, the evolution of resistance can occur through prolonged antibiotic exposure during the treatment of chronic infections. In this study, we conducted a Long-Term Evolution Experiment (LTEE) using four genetically diverse strains of with varying susceptibilities to ampicillin and imipenem.

Early Adversity Affects Cerebellar Structure and Function-A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies.

Recent research has highlighted cerebellar involvement in cognition and several psychiatric conditions such as mood and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder have been linked to reduced cerebellar volume as well. Cerebellar alterations are frequently present after early adversity in humans and animals, but a systematic integration of results is lacking.

Translation, extension, and evaluation of usability, usefulness, and safety of a fall prevention and management program for people living with spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis who use wheelchairs or scooters full time.

Background: Falls are prevalent among people living with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) and Spinal Cord Injury (PwSCI) who use wheelchairs or scooters (WC/S) full time, however, there is a scarcity of evidence-based fall prevention and management programs.

Objective: To describe the systematic translation of an in-person fall prevention and management program (Individualized Reduction Of FaLLs - iROLL) for PwMS to an online platform, extending its scope to include PwSCI, and to evaluate the preliminary useability, usefulness, and safety of the intervention.

Methods: iROLL was systematically translated to an online platform (iROLL-O).

Not me-search, you-search: Ethical considerations for research involving marginalized outgroups.

This study explored experiences of quantitative researchers who work with marginalized populations. Participants were recruited from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology forum, and asked questions regarding their struggles and best practices while working with marginalized populations in which they are or are not a member. Responses included concerns regarding bidirectional trust, community norms, perceived bias, diversity and participant recruitment and compensation.

Medical Crowdfunding in India: The Need for a Strong Legal Enforcement System.

In India, poor health insurance coverage and high out-of-pocket expenditure especially for chronic and rare genetic/life-threatening diseases is a reality. People who use medical crowdfunding as an option to meet medical expenditures and the sudden growth of new fundraising platforms are significant developments in healthcare. The digital platforms in fundraising and the multitude of transactions they perform are increasing in the country and have a significant impact on the health sector and the rights of the patients which points toward the need for more effective regulation.

The relationship between cardiac activity, behaviour and endogenous oxytocin and vasopressin in Prader-Willi Syndrome: An exploratory study.

This study aimed to increase our understanding of cardiac activity abnormalities in Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) and the relationship between cardiac activity, PWS behaviours thought to be associated with cardiac vagal tone and endogenous oxytocin and vasopressin levels. We compared cardiac activity (respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), low-frequency heart rate variability (LF-HRV), heart period) in 30 adolescents and adults with PWS to 30 typically developing age-matched controls. RSA, LF-HRV, and heart period were lower in individuals with PWS than in the control group.

mHealth learning strategies to support behaviour change in individuals using wheelchairs and/or scooters: a systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review of the literature is to build understanding of the key elements and recommendations for the design of mHealth technology for individuals using wheelchairs and/or scooters and identify key features associated with the use of mHealth to support healthy behaviour changes for this population.

Materials And Methods: Eight major electronic databases were systematically searched to identify mobile health (mHealth) interventions, which targeted adult WC/S users. Independent reviewers used Endnote and Covidence to manage articles meeting review criteria and to exclude duplicates.

Development, reliability, and validity assessment of a fall concerns scale for people who use wheelchairs and scooters (FCS-WC/S).

Purpose: To evaluate the psychometric properties of a Fall Concerns Scale for people who use Wheelchairs and Scooters (FCS-WC/S).

Materials And Methods: Developed by fall prevention experts, FCS-WC/S underwent refinement through interdisciplinary reviews and focus groups with researchers, clinicians, and individuals who use WC/S full-time. The psychometric evaluation involved adults who used WC/S for ≥1 year and had ≥1 fall in the previous 3 years, recruited between April and September 2022.

Material Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium Alloy 5553 Prepared by Selective Laser Melting as Processed and after Abrading and Polishing.

The microstructure, Vickers microhardness, and electrochemical properties of an additive manufactured titanium alloy, Ti-5553 (Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr wt %), are reported on. The alloy specimens were fabricated by selective laser melt processing. The surface morphology and electrochemical properties of the as-processed and surface-pretreated (abraded and polished) Ti-5553 specimens were investigated.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder resources for health professionals: a scoping review.

Objectives: This scoping review aimed to identify and critically appraise resources for health professionals to identify, diagnose, refer, and support individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)-including the extent to which the resources are appropriate for use in communities with First Nations Peoples.

Method: Seven peer-reviewed databases (April 2022) and 14 grey literature websites (August 2022) were searched. The reference lists of all sources that underwent full-text review were handsearched, and FASD experts were consulted for additional sources.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with very high antibody titer is associated with slower platelet recovery and higher risk of thrombosis.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic disorder mediated by platelet-activating antibodies targeting platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin complex. A higher antibody titer is reflected in a higher optical density (OD) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for heparin-PF4 antibodies. This single-institution retrospective study of 116 HIT patients examined the effect of heparin-PF4 OD on time to platelet recovery, vascular thrombosis, and in-hospital mortality.

Factors associated with fear of falling and fall-related injuries among people who use wheelchairs and motorized mobility scooters: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To identify the factors associated with the fear of falling (FOF) and fall-related injuries (FRI) among full-time wheelchair and motorized mobility scooter (WC/S) users with various health conditions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included participants (≥18 years old) who used WC/S for at least one year for ≥ 75% of mobility and had a history of ≥ 1 fall in the past three years. Logistic regression models identified factors associated with FOF (yes/no) and FRI (yes/no) during the past year.

Veterinary nursing set me up for the lifesaving work of a canine phlebotomist.

Lisa Rice is south area supervisor for Pet Blood Bank, having first gained experience in small animal practice then training to take blood donations and organise donation sessions when she joined the organisation.

A mixed-methods study examining perceptions of fear of falling among community-dwelling people who use wheelchairs full-time.

Objective: There is growing evidence that fear of falling (FOF) is common in people who use wheelchairs full-time and negatively influence their performance of daily activities and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of perceptions related to FOF among people who use wheelchairs full-time.

Methods: Mixed-method analysis was conducted using semi-structured interviews and surveys to gain insight into FOF.

Characterizing the mechanism of action for mRNA therapeutics for the treatment of propionic acidemia, methylmalonic acidemia, and phenylketonuria.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics delivered via lipid nanoparticles hold the potential to treat metabolic diseases caused by protein deficiency, including propionic acidemia (PA), methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), and phenylketonuria (PKU). Herein we report results from multiple independent preclinical studies of mRNA-3927 (an investigational treatment for PA), mRNA-3705 (an investigational treatment for MMA), and mRNA-3210 (an investigational treatment for PKU) in murine models of each disease. All 3 mRNA therapeutics exhibited pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) responses in their respective murine model by driving mRNA, protein, and/or protein activity responses, as well as by decreasing levels of the relevant biomarker(s) when compared to control-treated animals.

Radiation Biological Toximetry Using Circulating Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA) for Rapid Radiation/Nuclear Triage.

Optimal triage biodosimetry would include risk stratification within minutes, and it would provide useful triage despite heterogeneous dosimetry, cytokine therapy, mixed radiation quality, race, and age. For regulatory approval, the U.S.

precision-cut liver slices model disease phenotype and monitor therapeutic response for liver monogenic diseases.

Background: In academic research and the pharmaceutical industry, cell lines and animal models are considered as gold standards in modelling diseases and assessing therapeutic efficacy. However, both models have intrinsic limitations, whilst the use of precision-cut tissue slices can bridge the gap between these mainstream models. Precision-cut tissue slices combine the advantage of high reproducibility, studying all cell sub-types whilst preserving the tissue matrix and extracellular architecture, thereby closely mimicking a mini-organ.

What happens post-pilot testing? A model for revising a disability awareness and competency training program.

Disability awareness and competency trainings are an important component of addressing ableism and health equity in the health promotion context. This commentary describes our process of developing, implementing, and refining a disability competency training, the Inclusive Community Exercise Training, for community-based group exercise instructors. The training originated from a partnership between academic researchers, community organizations, and individuals with disabilities.

Poxvirus A51R proteins regulate microtubule stability and antagonize a cell-intrinsic antiviral response.

Numerous viruses alter host microtubule (MT) networks during infection, but how and why they induce these changes is unclear in many cases. We show that the vaccinia virus (VV)-encoded A51R protein is a MT-associated protein (MAP) that directly binds MTs and stabilizes them by both promoting their growth and preventing their depolymerization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that A51R-MT interactions are conserved across A51R proteins from multiple poxvirus genera, and highly conserved, positively charged residues in A51R proteins mediate these interactions.

Disrupted executive cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity in alcohol use disorder.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects 283 million people worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Despite the role of the cerebellum in executive control and its sensitivity to alcohol, few studies have assessed its involvement in AUD-relevant functional networks. The goal of this study is to compare resting-state functional connectivity (FC) patterns in abstinent adults with a history of AUD and controls (CTL).

Interface-acting nucleotide controls polymerization dynamics at microtubule plus- and minus-ends.

GTP-tubulin is preferentially incorporated at growing microtubule ends, but the biochemical mechanism by which the bound nucleotide regulates the strength of tubulin:tubulin interactions is debated. The 'self-acting' (cis) model posits that the nucleotide (GTP or GDP) bound to a particular tubulin dictates how strongly that tubulin interacts, whereas the 'interface-acting' (trans) model posits that the nucleotide at the interface of two tubulin dimers is the determinant. We identified a testable difference between these mechanisms using mixed nucleotide simulations of microtubule elongation: with a self-acting nucleotide, plus- and minus-end growth rates decreased in the same proportion to the amount of GDP-tubulin, whereas with interface-acting nucleotide, plus-end growth rates decreased disproportionately.

Best practices associated with residential fire preparedness among individuals who use a wheelchair or scooter full time: A scoping review.

Context: During the evacuation of a residence during a fire event, individuals must often climb over objects or navigate stairs, which may be challenging or impossible for an individual who uses a wheelchair or scooter for mobility. Consequently, fire preparedness is critical to enhancing this population's safety and well-being.

Objective: This study examines best practices associated with fire preparedness among individuals who use a wheelchair or scooter to inform and facilitate fire preparedness education.