Recent Advances and Current Challenges in Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Ultra-Central Lung Tumors.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy has been established as a viable treatment option for inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer or secondary lesions mainly in oligoprogressive/oligometastatic scenarios. Treating lesions in the so-called "no flight zone" has always been challenging and conflicting data never cleared how to safely treat these lesions. This is truer considering ultra-central lesions, i.

Revolutionizing Radiology with Natural Language Processing and Chatbot Technologies: A Narrative Umbrella Review on Current Trends and Future Directions.

The application of chatbots and NLP in radiology is an emerging field, currently characterized by a growing body of research. An umbrella review has been proposed utilizing a standardized checklist and quality control procedure for including scientific papers. This review explores the early developments and potential future impact of these technologies in radiology.

Infliximab monitoring in Crohn's disease: a neural network approach for evaluating disease activity and immunogenicity.

Background: The treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) has increasingly required the use of biological agents. Safe and affordable tests have led to the active implementation of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in clinical practice, which, although not yet widely available across all health services, has been proven effective.

Objective: To analyze serum infliximab (IFX) and antidrug antibody (ADA) levels in CD patients, compare two tests, as well as construct a prediction of neural network using a combination of clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory variables.

Effect of a weight loss diet with or without Spirulina supplementation on serum lipids and antioxidant capacity of overweight dogs.

Obesity is a major health issue in dogs associated with disturbances in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Spirulina has been shown to have hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in various animal species. No such data regarding dogs are available, however.

Long-term results of endovascular versus open retroperitoneal repair associated with ERAS protocol for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Objectives: Although the endovascular management of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is widely performed, many studies have shown better long-term results with open graft repairing, mostly focusing on the classical open repair with midline access. This study aims to evaluate long-term results comparing EVAR (endovascular aneurysm repair) and surgical open repair with retroperitoneal access associated with ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocol.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 156 patients treated for AAA between 2015 and 2018 was conducted.

Glycolic acid and ultrasonic activation: Effects on smear layer removal, dentin penetration, dentin structure and bond strength of the root dentin filling material.

Background: Glycolic acid (GA) has been tested as enamel and dentin etchant, and final irrigant for smear layer removal. This study evaluated the effects of GA and ultrasonic activation (US) on smear layer removal, dentin penetration, dentin structure and bond strength of the root dentin filling material.

Material And Methods: The root canals of 210 teeth were distributed into four test groups: smear layer removal (N=50), dentin penetration (N=50), dentin structure (N=10) and bond strength (N=100).

Case report: First report of and coinfection in an immunocompromised patient.

Legionnaires' disease (LD) is a serious type of pneumonia, typically contracted by susceptible people through the inhalation of aerosols contaminated with . In this report, the first case of coinfection with - is described. A possible source of the Lp infection may be the hotel in Paris (France) where the patient had stayed before developing the symptoms.

Precautions to Consider in the Analysis of Prognostic and Predictive Indices.

Understanding the differences between prognostic and predictive indices is imperative for medical research advances. We have developed a new prognostic measure that will identify the strengths, limitations, and potential applications in clinical practice.

Beyond balance: The role of the Vestibular system in action recognition.

Background: Action recognition is a fundamental aspect of human interaction. This process is mediated by the activation of shared sensorimotor representations during action execution and observation. Although complex movements involving balance or head and trunk rotations require vestibular signals for effective execution, their role in the recognition of others' actions is still unknown.

Precision Metrics: A Narrative Review on Unlocking the Power of KPIs in Radiology for Enhanced Precision Medicine.

() Over the years, there has been increasing interest in adopting a quality approach in radiology, leading to the strategic pursuit of specific and key performance indicators (KPIs). These indicators in radiology can have significant impacts ranging from radiation protection to integration into digital healthcare. () This study aimed to conduct a narrative review on the integration of key performance indicators (KPIs) in radiology with specific key questions.

Advancing patient setup: A comprehensive scoping review of tattoo-less techniques in radiation therapy.

In recent years, alternative methods to dark ink tattoos for patient positioning in radiotherapy have been explored. This review aims to analyse the evidence for alternative strategies to traditional dark tattoos. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Sciences and SCOPUS.

Open-Face Masks in Radiotherapy: Enhancing Therapeutic Strategies for Head and Neck and Brain Cancer Patients-A Comprehensive Scoping Review.

: The main goal of radiotherapy (RT) is to deliver a precise dose to the target while sparing the surrounding normal tissue and minimizing side effects. Appropriate patient immobilization is crucial, especially for head and neck cancer (HNC) and Brain Cancer (BC). Conventional closed-face masks (CFMs), while effective in minimizing head motion, can cause significant discomfort, anxiety, and claustrophobia.

International Benchmark for Total Metabolic Tumor Volume Measurement in Baseline F-FDG PET/CT of Lymphoma Patients: A Milestone Toward Clinical Implementation.

Total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) is prognostic in lymphoma. However, cutoff values for risk stratification vary markedly, according to the tumor delineation method used. We aimed to create a standardized TMTV benchmark dataset allowing TMTV to be tested and applied as a reproducible biomarker.

Observation of Medium-Induced Yield Enhancement and Acoplanarity Broadening of Low-p_{T} Jets from Measurements in pp and Central Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

The ALICE Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum (high p_{T}) hadron trigger in proton-proton and central Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV. A data-driven statistical method is used to mitigate the large uncorrelated background in central Pb-Pb collisions.

Sunpheno: A Deep Neural Network for Phenological Classification of Sunflower Images.

Leaf senescence is a complex trait which becomes crucial for grain filling because photoassimilates are translocated to the seeds. Therefore, a correct sync between leaf senescence and phenological stages is necessary to obtain increasing yields. In this study, we evaluated the performance of five deep machine-learning methods for the evaluation of the phenological stages of sunflowers using images taken with cell phones in the field.

Precision Workforce Management for Radiographers: Monitoring and Managing Competences with an Automatic Tool.

Optimizing work shifts in healthcare is crucial for maintaining high standards of service delivery and fostering professional development. This study delves into the emerging field of skill-oriented work shift optimization, focusing specifically on radiographers within the healthcare sector. Through the development of Skills Retention Monitoring (SRH), this research aims to enhance skill monitoring, workload management, and organizational performance.

Have I Been Touched? Subjective and Objective Aspects of Tactile Awareness.

Somatosensory tactile experience is a key aspect of our interaction with the environment. It is involved in object manipulation, in the planning and control of actions and, in its affective components, in the relationships with other individuals. It is also a foundational component of body awareness.

Exploring Augmented Reality Integration in Diagnostic Imaging: Myth or Reality?

This study delves into the transformative potential of integrating augmented reality (AR) within imaging technologies, shedding light on this evolving landscape. Through a comprehensive narrative review, this research uncovers a wealth of literature exploring the intersection between AR and medical imaging, highlighting its growing prominence in healthcare. AR's integration offers a host of potential opportunities to enhance surgical precision, bolster patient engagement, and customize medical interventions.

Medial anterior prefrontal cortex stimulation downregulates implicit reactions to threats and prevents the return of fear.

Downregulating emotional overreactions toward threats is fundamental for developing treatments for anxiety and post-traumatic disorders. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical for top-down modulatory processes, and despite previous studies adopting repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over this region provided encouraging results in enhancing extinction, no studies have hitherto explored the effects of stimulating the medial anterior PFC (aPFC, encompassing the Brodmann area 10) on threat memory and generalization. Here we showed that rTMS over the aPFC applied before threat memory retrieval immediately decreases implicit reactions to learned and novel stimuli in humans.

Temporal information in the anterior cingulate cortex relates to accumulated experiences.

Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity is important for operations that require the ability to integrate multiple experiences over time, such as rule learning, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and long-term memory recall. To shed light on this, we analyzed neuronal activity while rats repeated the same behaviors during hour-long sessions to investigate how activity changed over time. We recorded neuronal ensembles as rats performed a decision-free operant task with varying reward likelihoods at three different response ports (n = 5).

Photoproduction of K^{+}K^{-} Pairs in Ultraperipheral Collisions.

K^{+}K^{-} pairs may be produced in photonuclear collisions, either from the decays of photoproduced ϕ(1020) mesons or directly as nonresonant K^{+}K^{-} pairs. Measurements of K^{+}K^{-} photoproduction probe the couplings between the ϕ(1020) and charged kaons with photons and nuclear targets. The kaon-proton scattering occurs at energies far above those available elsewhere.