Multiregional Sequencing of IDH-WT Glioblastoma Reveals High Genetic Heterogeneity and a Dynamic Evolutionary History.

Glioblastoma is one of the most common and lethal primary neoplasms of the brain. Patient survival has not improved significantly over the past three decades and the patient median survival is just over one year. Tumor heterogeneity is thought to be a major determinant of therapeutic failure and a major reason for poor overall survival.

Cancer astrocytes have a more conserved molecular status in long recurrence free survival (RFS) IDH1 wild-type glioblastoma patients: new emerging cancer players.

Glioblastoma is a devastating disease that despite all the information gathered so far, its optimal management remains elusive due to the absence of validated targets from clinical studies. A better clarification of the molecular mechanisms is needed. In this study, having access to IDH1 wild-type glioblastoma of patients with exceptionally long recurrence free survival (RFS), we decided to compare their mutational and gene expression profile to groups of IDH1 wild-type glioblastoma of patients with shorter RFS, by using NGS technology.

Arterial aneurysms associated with intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: epidemiology, natural history, and management. A systematic review.

Arterial aneurysms are uncommon among patients with dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVFs), and there is limited information available to guide treatment decisions in such cases. We performed a systematic review of the literature, including a case of a DAVF associated with a flow-related intraorbital ophthalmic artery (OA) aneurysm that we have recently managed. The purpose of our study was to clarify epidemiology, natural history, and management of these lesions.

Survival outcomes following repeat surgery for recurrent glioblastoma: a single-center retrospective analysis.

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the impact of extent of resection at initial and repeat craniotomy on overall survival of patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of all adults patients who underwent repeat resection of recurrent glioblastoma following radiation and chemotherapy at an academic tertiary-care institution between 2011 and 2015. We evaluated the survival outcomes with regard to extent of resection considering both the initial and repeat resections.

Second surgery for recurrent glioblastoma: A concise overview of the current literature.

Optimal treatment for recurrent glioblastoma continues to evolve. Currently, however, there is no consensus in the literature on the role of reoperation in the management of these patients, as several studies provide evidence for a longer overall survival in selected patients with recurrent glioblastoma who underwent second surgery and other studies report a limited impact of second surgery in the clinical course. In this paper, a review of the current literature was performed to analyze the role of reoperation in patients with recurrent glioblastoma and to report the overall survival from diagnosis, progression-free survival and quality of life.

Investigating molecular alterations to profile short- and long-term recurrence-free survival in patients with primary glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor. Despite the progress in recent years regarding the diagnosis and treatment of GB, the recurrence rate remains high, due to the infiltrative and dispersive nature of the tumor, which typically results in poor patient prognosis. In the present study, 19 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded GB samples were selected from patients with GB tumors.

Disseminated bone metastases from occult thyroid cancer effectively treated with debulking surgery and a single dosimetry-guided administration of radioiodine.

In this paper we report on a successful management of multiple bone metastases from differentiated thyroid cancer. In 2007, a 75-year-old female patient, previously referred for thyroidectomy for multinodular goiter, underwent surgical removal of a lumbar mass with histological findings of metastasis from well differentiated thyroid cancer. After surgery, serum thyroglobulin (sTg) was 204.

Hydrocephalus following bilateral dumbbell-shaped c2 spinal neurofibromas resection and postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report.

Study Design Case report. Objective To present a rare case of hydrocephalus following bilateral dumbbell-shaped C2 spinal neurofibromas resection and postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Methods The patient's clinical course is retrospectively reviewed.

Accessibilome of human glioblastoma: collagen-VI-alpha-1 is a new target and a marker of poor outcome.

Functional targeted therapy has unfortunately failed to improve the outcome of glioblastoma patients. Success stories evidenced by the use of antibody-drug conjugates in other tumor types are encouraging, but targets specific to glioblastoma and accessible through the bloodstream remain scarce. In the current work, we have identified and characterized novel and accessible proteins using an innovative proteomic approach on six human glioblastomas; the corresponding data have been deposited in the PRIDE database identifier PXD001398.

The bacterial protein toxin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) provides long-term survival in a murine glioma model.

Background: Glioblastomas are largely unresponsive to all available treatments and there is therefore an urgent need for novel therapeutics. Here we have probed the antineoplastic effects of a bacterial protein toxin, the cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1), in the syngenic GL261 glioma cell model. CNF1 produces a long-lasting activation of Rho GTPases, with consequent blockade of cytodieresis in proliferating cells and promotion of neuron health and plasticity.

Delayed post-traumatic fronto-ethmoidal sinus mucocele evaluated with short and long TE MR spectroscopy.

Mucoceles are slow-growing, benign, expansile, mucoid-filled masses developing after obstruction of the sinus ostium. Late post-traumatic mucoceles are relatively rare entities and the literature is limited to single case reports. We describe an unusual case of post-traumatic fronto-ethmoidal mucocele, evaluated with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton MR-spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS).

Management and outcome of high-grade multicentric gliomas: a contemporary single-institution series and review of the literature.

Background: Multicentric malignant gliomas are well-separated tumours in different lobes or hemispheres, without anatomical continuity between lesions. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical features, the pathology and the outcome according to the management strategies in a consecutive series of patients treated at a single institution. In addition, an analysis of the existing literature is presented.

Use of near-infrared indocyanine videoangiography and Flow 800 in the resectioning of a spinal cord haemangioblastoma.

Haemangioblastomas are hypervascularized tumours. Their surgical management requires a complete resectioning and a prompt handling of the vascular inlets and outlets. The use of intraoperative indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VAG) depicts the precise vascular pattern for the surgeon.

Epidural spinal cord compression in Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case report.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis, also known as histiocytosis X, is a rare proliferative disorder of histiocytes. Spinal involvement in the course of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in adult is rare, and epidural location is exceptional. We present a rare case of epidural involvement by Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a 71-year-old man to highlight the importance of considering Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the differential diagnosis of epidural spinal cord compression.

Incidence and management of late postsurgical seizures in clinical practice.

Aim: Seizures are a frequent complication in patients who undergo neurosurgery, and can complicate the post-operative course and deteriorate patients' quality of life. Evidence on the prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy after craniotomy is still lacking.

Material And Methods: We undertook an observational longitudinal study following neurosurgical supratentorial interventions, to evaluate seizures onset or persistence, and differences in effectiveness between conventional and newer AEDs.

Three-dimensional microsurgical anatomy of cerebellar peduncles.

The microsurgical anatomy of cerebellar peduncles and their relationships with neighbouring fasciculi were investigated by using a fibre dissection technique. As the dissection progressed, photographs of each progressive layer were obtained and stereoscopic images were created using the 3D anaglyphic method. These findings provided the anatomical basis for a conceptual division of cerebellar peduncles into segments.

Clip assisted use of gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant as a rescue procedure to treat a hidden arterial tear.

Major intracranial arteries can be injured during tumor removal. Surgeons routinely manage this event by using either microvascular direct repair, by-pass of the wounded segment or the placement of a sutureless device. These procedures, however, are not always possible due to artery brittleness, deep operating field, vascular configuration, or restricted viewing field.

Perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of perioperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy for recurrent malignant gliomas.

Patients And Methods: Between 2005 and 2008, 21 patients (14 males and seven females) with relapsed malignant glioma underwent a second surgery followed by a brachytherapy implant in the surgical cavity. Median age was 60 years, and median Karnofsky performance status 80.