SUPRAORBITAL AND ENDONASAL APPROACHES: TAILORING SURGICAL TECHNIQUES FOR TUBERCULUM SELLAE MENINGIOMAS BASED ON PREOPERATIVE GRADING SYSTEMS.

Background Tuberculum sellae meningiomas (TSM) tend to compress the optic apparatus and an ideal surgical route, whether transcranial or endonasal, is still debated. Another issue is if the minimally invasive supraorbital (SO) approach offers the same results compared to the more invasive craniotomy. Aiming to guide approach selection, preoperative grading systems have been described.

Body image appearance in Parkinson's disease patients on device aided therapies.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease patients may experience altered body image perception. Advanced Parkinson's disease (aPD) with motor complications often requires surgical and device-aided treatments (DAT), such as levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). Understanding body image perception is crucial when managing these devices.

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Neurosurgery.

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is a crucial advancement in neurosurgery, enhancing procedural safety and precision. This technique involves continuous real-time assessment of neurophysiological signals, aiding surgeons in timely interventions to protect neural structures. In addition to inherent limitations, IONM necessitates a detailed anesthetic plan for accurate signal recording.

The "state of the art" of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring: An Italian neurosurgical survey.

Introduction: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring (IOM) is widely used in neurosurgery but specific guidelines are lacking. Therefore, we can assume differences in IOM application between Neurosurgical centers.

Research Question: The section of Functional Neurosurgery of the Italian Society of Neurosurgery realized a survey aiming to obtain general data on the current practice of IOM in Italy.

Left Vagus Stimulation Modulates Contralateral Subthalamic β Power Improving the Gait in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) showed early evidence of efficacy for the gait treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: Providing data on neurophysiological and clinical effects of transauricular VNS (taVNS).

Methods: Ten patients with recording deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been enrolled in a within participant design pilot study, double-blind crossover sham-controlled trial of taVNS.

Eagle syndrome: An updated review.

Background: This work aims to review the current literature and our experience on vascular Eagle syndrome (ES) that can present misleading clinical presentations and better understand the possible therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We reviewed the existing literature on PubMed from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2022, including the sequential keywords " AND ," " AND ," " AND ," " AND ," and " AND ."

Results: 38 vascular ES cases, including our experience, were analyzed.

Deep Brain Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in the MORE Multicenter Patient Registry.

Background And Objectives: The efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT DBS) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) was demonstrated in the double-blind Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy randomized controlled trial. The Medtronic Registry for Epilepsy (MORE) aims to understand the safety and longer-term effectiveness of ANT DBS therapy in routine clinical practice.

Methods: MORE is an observational registry collecting prospective and retrospective clinical data.

Modified percutaneous biopsy of the spine: improvement of the technique.

Purpose: Biopsy of the spine can be performed by open surgery or percutaneous needle sampling. The first has the highest diagnostic yield while the second is a less invasive procedure with lower rate of complications and shorter hospitalization time. We described a modified technique of percutaneous biopsy using semi-rigid grasping forceps that may offer the advantages of both, open and minimally invasive surgery.

Deep brain stimulation of the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract in a case of Holmes tremor: a constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD)-guided procedure.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for movement disorders, including Holmes tremor (HT). HT is a rest and action tremor that occurs as a late symptom of brainstem lesions such as stroke. Unfortunately, it is frequently refractory to medical treatment, hence DBS surgery may be a good option.

Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease in practice: results of the survey by the Italian Neurosurgery Society.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a safe and effective treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) and many neurosurgical centers in Italy have a DBS program. Considering the prevalence of PD and criteria for DBS implantation, about 3200-10,350 PD patients may benefit from DBS in Italy. The global management of patients underwent DBS is complex and it can be supposed that many differences exist between centers in clinical practice.

Pituitary Adenoma Apoplexy: Review of Personal Series.

Background: Pituitary apoplexy is a life-threatening event with unspecific clinical background and no standardized treatment.

Materials And Methods: The authors retrospectively analyzed seventeen patients affected by pituitary adenoma apoplexy and treated in a 10-year period. Thirteen patients underwent surgery through transsphenoidal route while four patients have been treated conservatively.

Delayed Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Pseudoaneurysm of Middle Meningeal Artery Rupture: Case Report, Literature Review, and Forensic Issues.

Background: Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the middle meningeal artery (PMMA) is rare. Its rupture is associated with high mortality, so an early diagnosis is recommended for this risky condition. In the absence of a specific guideline, computed tomography (CT), digital subtraction angiography, and CT angiography (CTA) are proposed for its diagnosis.

Effects of somatostatin and its analogues on progenitor mesenchymal cells isolated from human pituitary adenomas.

Purpose: Progenitor mesenchymal cells (PMCs) have been found also in epithelial tumors and may derive from cancer stem cells (CSCs) by EMT mechanism. In this scenario, the effects of traditionally drugs on PMCs become of primary concern for therapeutic approaches. Previously, we isolated PMCs from acromegalic (GHomas) and not-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs).

Extending technology-aided leisure and communication programs to persons with spinal cord injury and post-coma multiple disabilities.

Purpose: These two studies extended technology-aided programs to promote leisure and communication opportunities to a man with cervical spinal cord injury and a post-coma man with multiple disabilities.

Method: The studies involved the use of ABAB designs, in which A and B represented baseline and intervention phases, respectively. The programs focused on enabling the participants to activate songs, videos, requests, text messages, and telephone calls.

Chronic bilateral subthalamic stimulation after anterior callosotomy in drug-resistant epilepsy: long-term clinical and functional outcome of two cases.

We explored the efficacy and safety of bilateral SubThalamic Nucleus (STN) stimulation in two subjects suffering from drug-resistant epilepsy even after anterior callosotomy. Case 1 had about 65% decrease of partial motor seizures and the complete disappearance of tonic-clonic generalized attacks. Case 2, with sudden drop (atonic) attacks, partial complex seizures, atypical absences and rare tonic-clonic seizures, showed no meaningful reduction of fits and a stimulation associated atypical absence rate increase.

Vagus nerve stimulation: clinical experience in drug-resistant pediatric epileptic patients.

Introduction: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective alternative treatment for patients with partial refractory epilepsy. Nevertheless, information regarding VNS in children is still limited.

Materials And Methods: The clinical efficacy, safety and neuropsychological effects of VNS in 34 children (mean age 11.

Chronic bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation in a patient with homozygous deletion in the parkin gene.

Chronic subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an efficacious treatment for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) that cannot be further improved by medical therapy. We present a case of an individual with juvenile parkinsonism caused by homozygous deletion of exon 3 in the parkin gene with disabling long-term side-effects from levodopa who underwent bilateral STN neuromodulation. Parkin-linked parkinsonism may show clinical features different from sporadic PD, yet it shares levodopa responsiveness.

Gemella morbillorum deep brain abscess successfully treated with combined stereotactic, medical, and imaging approach.

A rare case of brain abscess due to Gemella morbillorum, a normal inhabitant of the oral cavity, is presented. The aim of this report is to draw the attention of radiology literature readers to this little known pathogen, which caused a potentially life-threatening condition in an immunocompetent young man, and to emphasise the usefulness of a combined stereotactic, medical, and imaging approach to deep-located brain abscesses.

Morphometry of E-PTA stained synapses at the periphery of pathological lesions.

We carried out a novel application of the disector sampling and counting method, in a biopsy material from the pathologic human brain, to estimate the synaptic structural dynamics, quantitatively. Parietal cortex biopsies of adult (mean age: 40.0 years) and old (mean age: 66.