Malignant Pleural Effusion: Diagnosis and Treatment-Up-to-Date Perspective.

Malignant pleural effusion is the presence of malignant cells within the pleural fluid, representing the second most common cause of pleural exudate. Although diagnostic methods and management techniques for malignant pleural effusion have dramatically improved over the decades, the current treatment is still palliative, aiming to remove pleural fluid, possibly prevent its recurrence, and alleviate symptoms through a wide range of available procedures. Treatment should be tailored to the individual patient, considering comorbidities, size of the effusion, rate of fluid accumulation, underlying cardiac or respiratory conditions, rate of recurrence, presence of loculations or trapped lung, tumor characteristics, cancer type, and patient preferences.

The Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in pN1 (IIB/IIIA) NSCLC Patients Who Undergo Pneumonectomy: Is It Still Justified in the Modern Era?

Introduction: We aimed to assess our 25-year experience in order to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients who undergo pneumonectomy for pN1 NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and medical records of patients undergoing pneumonectomy for NSCLC with pathological diagnosis of pN1, excluding all patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment. We compared patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy with patients who did not undergo neoadjuvant treatment during a follow-up soon after surgery.

1000 Robotic-assisted lobectomies for primary lung cancer: 16 years single center experience.

Objective: This study aimed at describing our high-volume single center experience in robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) to evaluate short outcome and feasibility of the technique, the adequacy of oncological results, and the learning curve.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 1000 consecutive patients who underwent lobectomy and systematic lymphadenectomy for primary lung cancer using RATS approach between May 2007 and May 2023.

Results: Nine-hundred ninety-seven patients (99.

How General and Inflammatory Status Impacts on the Prognosis of Patients Affected by Lung Cancer: State of the Art.

Pulmonary cancer is often associated with systemic inflammation and poor nutritional status and these two aspects are strongly correlated and related to the scarce infiltration of a tumor by immune cells. We reviewed all English literature reviews from 2000 to 2024 from PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, including original articles, review articles, and metanalyses. We excluded non-English language articles and case reports/case series.

Fostering quality of life in young adults living with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study of a co-created integrated intervention.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is generally diagnosed at an early age, making the acceptance of this chronic disease challenging. Research dedicated to young adults with MS (YawMS) is still limited. A biopsychosocial co-created intervention for YawMS integrating social, physical and psychological activities was developed (ESPRIMO intervention) in order to improve the quality of life (QoL) and well-being.

Bronchopleural Fistula after Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: How to Manage This Life-Threatening Complication Using Both Old and Innovative Solutions.

Backgrounds: Our goal is to evaluate the correct management of broncho-pleural fistula (BPF) after lobectomy for lung cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our 25-years' experience and reported our strategies and our diagnostic algorithm for the management of post-lobectomy broncho-pleural fistula.

Results: Five thousand one hundred and fifty (5150) patients underwent lobectomy for lung cancer in the period between 1998 and 2023.

Long-Term Survival Analysis of Pleural Mesothelioma Patients Undergoing Surgery: Brief Report From a Tertiary Referral Centre.

Objectives: to date, no consensus has been reached on the surgical gold-standard in pleural mesothelioma (PM). We retrospectively reviewed our experience as a tertiary referral centre, to compare short- and long-term survival of PM patients undergoing different types of surgery.

Methods: in retrospective, observational, single-centre study, we analysed all the patients histologically diagnosed with PM undergoing surgical procedures with palliative or curative intent at IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori of Milan, Italy, from January 2003 to December 2020.

Expression of CD13 and CD26 on extracellular vesicles in canine seminal plasma: preliminary results.

Canine seminal plasma is a complex fluid containing proteins, peptides, enzymes, hormones as well as extracellular vesicles that are involved in many physiological and pathological processes including reproduction. We examined the expression of the extracellular vesicles surface antigens Aminopeptidase-N (CD13) and Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26) by flow cytometry. For this study, third fraction of the ejaculate, from fertile adult male German Shepherd dogs, was manually collected twice, two days apart.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) in Imaging of the Reproductive System in Dogs: A Literature Review.

The use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been widely reported for reproductive imaging in humans and animals. This review aims to analyze the utility of CEUS in characterizing canine reproductive physiology and pathologies. In September 2022, a search for articles about CEUS in canine testicles, prostate, uterus, placenta, and mammary glands was conducted on PubMed and Scopus from 1990 to 2022, showing 36 total results.

Sars-CoV2 infection in pregnant women with multiple sclerosis.

Background: In the general population, maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is associated with worse maternal outcomes; however, only one study so far has evaluated COVID-19 clinical outcomes in pregnant and postpartum women with multiple sclerosis, showing no higher risk for poor COVID-19 outcomes in these patients.

Objective: In this multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate COVID-19 clinical outcomes in pregnant patients with multiple sclerosis.

Methods: We recruited 85 pregnant patients with multiple sclerosis who contracted COVID-19 after conception and were prospectively followed-up in Italian and Turkish Centers, in the period 2020-2022.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of adrenal lesions in dogs.

Background: The contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of adrenal lesions are poorly reported in veterinary literature.

Methods: Qualitative and quantitative B-mode ultrasound and CEUS features of 186 benign (adenoma) and malignant (adenocarcinoma and pheochromocytoma) adrenal lesions were evaluated.

Results: Adenocarcinomas (n = 72) and pheochromocytomas (n = 32) had mixed echogenicity with B-mode, and a non-homogeneous aspect with a diffused or peripheral enhancement pattern, hypoperfused areas, intralesional microcirculation and non-homogeneous wash-out with CEUS.

Multi-level analysis and evaluation of organizational improvements in thoracic surgery according to a Value-Based HealthCare approach.

Background: Value-Based HealthCare (VBHC), designed by Harvard University, is an evolving model of healthcare delivery that achieves better patient outcomes and greater financial sustainability for the healthcare professionals. According to this innovative approach, the value is determined by a panel of indicators and the ratio between results and costs. Our goal was to develop a panel of thoracic-fashioned key-performance indicators (KPIs) creating a model that could be applied in thoracic surgery for the first time, reporting our early experience.

Early outcomes of "low-risk" patients undergoing lung resection assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing: Single-institution experience.

Objective: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is currently recommended for all patients undergoing lung resection with either respiratory comorbidities or functional limitations. The main parameter evaluated is oxygen consumption at peak (VOpeak). Patients with VOpeak above 20 ml/kg/min are classified as low risk surgical candidates.

Management of COVID-19 related tracheal stenosis: The state of art.

Tracheal stenosis (TS) is a debilitating disease promoted by pathologic narrowing of the trachea. The acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19 has been demonstrated to trigger enhanced inflammatory response and to require prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation as well as high frequency of re-intubation or emergency intubation, thus increasing the rate and complexity of TS. The standard-of-care of COVID-19-related tracheal complications has yet to be established and this is a matter of concern.

Post-intubation iatrogenic tracheobronchial injuries: The state of art.

Iatrogenic tracheobronchial injury (ITI) is an infrequent but potentially life-threatening disease, with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Its incidence is presumably underestimated since several cases are underrecognized and underreported. Causes of ITI include endotracheal intubation (EI) or percutaneous tracheostomy (PT).

Presence and localization of apelin and its cognate receptor in canine testes using immunohistochemical and RT-PCR techniques.

Apelin, a member of the adipokine family, is a novel endogenous peptide which regulates the male reproductive system of mammals by interacting with a specific receptor. Recent studies have highlighted that apelin may play a role in the regulation of reproduction by reducing testosterone production and inhibiting LH secretion. To the best of our knowledge, there is no available data on the presence of the apelin and its receptor in canine testes.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of focal pancreatic lesions in cats.

A large overlap in the ultrasound (US) features of focal pancreatic lesions (FPLs) in cats is reported. Furthermore, only a small number of studies describing the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of FPLs in cats have been conducted today. The aim of this study is to describe the B-mode US and CEUS features of FPLs in cats.

Prevalence, incidence, and season distribution of MOG antibody-associated disease in the province of Verona, Italy.

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system whose epidemiological features are still unclear. We report current prevalence and incidence rates of MOGAD in the population of Verona province, Italy, and the seasonal distribution of disease onset.

Methods: MOGAD patients residing in Verona province were included through the consultation of a database from our Neuropathology Laboratory.

The Role of Surgery in Patients with COVID-19-Related Thoracic Complications.

Objective: Patients with several thoracic complications induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may benefit from surgery, but its role in this condition is largely unknown, and many surgeons' advice against any surgical referrals. Our aim is to investigate the efficacy and safety of surgery in COVID-19 patients with thoracic complications requiring surgery.

Methods: We designed a multicenter observational study, involving nine thoracic surgery departments, evaluating patients who developed thoracic complications in hospital, surgically managed from March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2021.