Frequency of brain ventricular enlargement among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of dilated ventricles and concomitant high blood glucose measures.

Methods: We retrieved blood glucose measures from the emergency department database and selected a subgroup of individuals having both the radiological marker Evans' index (EI) values and blood glucose measures.

Results: Out of 1221 consecutive patients submitted to axial Computed Tomography scans, a blood glucose measure was detected in 841 individuals.

Development of a Powder Analysis Procedure Based on Imaging Techniques for Examining Aggregation and Segregation Phenomena.

In this manuscript, a method that utilizes classical image techniques to assess particle aggregation and segregation, with the primary goal of validating particle size distribution determined by conventional methods, is presented. This approach can represent a supplementary tool in quality control systems for powder production processes in industries such as manufacturing and pharmaceuticals. The methodology involves the acquisition of high-resolution images, followed by their fractal and textural analysis.

Near-Infrared Transflectance Spectroscopy Discriminates Solutions Containing Two Commercial Formulations of Botulinum Toxin Type A Diluted at Recommended Volumes for Clinical Reconstitution.

Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) is the active substance in pharmaceutical preparations widely used worldwide for the highly effective treatment of various disorders. Among the three commercial formulations of BoNT-A currently available in Italy for neurological indications, abobotulinum A toxin (Dysport, Ipsen SpA, Milano, Italy) and incobotulinum A toxin (Xeomin, Merz Pharma Italia srl, Milano, Italy) differ in the content of neurotoxin, non-toxic protein, and excipients. Clinical applications of BoNT-A adopt extremely diluted solutions (10 mg/mL) for injection in the target body district.

In vivo non-invasive near-infrared spectroscopy distinguishes normal, post-stroke, and botulinum toxin treated human muscles.

In post-stroke hemiparesis, neural impairment alters muscle control, causing abnormal movement and posture in the affected limbs. A decrease in voluntary use of the paretic arm and flexed posture during rest also induce secondary tissue transformation in the upper limb muscles. To obtain a specific, accurate, and reproducible marker of the current biological status of muscles, we collected visible (VIS) and short-wave Infrared (SWIR) reflectance spectra in vivo using a portable spectroradiometer (350-2500 nm), which provided the spectral fingerprints of the elbow flexors and extensors.

A dataset of visible - Short wave InfraRed reflectance spectra collected on pre-cooked pasta products.

Reflectance Visible (Vis) and Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) spectra of pre-cooked pasta products were collected in a non-invasive way by using an ASD FieldSpec® 4 Standard-Res portable spectrophotoradiometer (350-2500 nm). Vis-SWIR data were collected on 6 samples of and 6 samples of with different salting levels with the aid of a contact probe in two different physical conditions: i) frozen and ii) thawed. Fifty Vis-SWIR spectra were collected per measurement time from each sample resulting in 1200 raw spectra.

A dataset of visible - short wave infrared reflectance spectra collected on the dorsal and ventral aspect of arms.

Advancement of technology and device miniaturization have made near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) techniques cost-effective, small-sized, simple, and ready to use. We applied NIRS to analyze healthy human muscles in vivo, and we found that this technique produces reliable and reproducible spectral "fingerprints" of individual muscles, that can be successfully discriminated by chemometric predictive models. The dataset presented in this descriptor contains the reflectance spectra acquired in vivo from the ventral and dorsal aspects of the arm using an ASD FieldSpec® 4 Standard-Res field portable spectroradiometer (350-2500 nm), the values of the anthropometric variables measured in each subject, and the codes to assist access to the spectral data.

The Ventricular System Enlarges Abnormally in the Seventies, Earlier in Men, and First in the Frontal Horn: A Study Based on More Than 3,000 Scans.

: To detect on computed tomography (CT) brain scans the trajectories of normal and abnormal ventricular enlargement during aging. : For each 1-year age cohort, we assessed in 3,193 axial CT scans the Evans' index (EI) in the anterior frontal horns and the parieto-occipital (POR) and temporal ratio (TR) in the posterior and inferior horns. Cut-off values for abnormal enlargement were based on previous clinical studies.

Near-infrared spectroscopy as a tool for in vivo analysis of human muscles.

Recent advances in materials and fabrication techniques provided portable, performant, sensing optical spectrometers readily operated by user-friendly cabled or wireless systems. Such systems allow rapid, non-invasive, and not destructive quantitative analysis of human tissues. This proof-of-principle investigation tested whether infrared spectroscopy techniques, currently utilized in a variety of areas, could be applied in living humans to categorize muscles.