First report of postharvest pear bitter rot caused by in Italy.

The fungal genus includes numerous important plant pathogenic species, some of which causes fruit bitter rot as well as leaf lesions (leaf black spot) on major crops, leading to yield losses (Fu et al. 2019; Talhinhas & Baroncelli, 2023). was reported associated with black spot on fallen, immature fruit of pear () in New Zealand (Damm et al.

Evolutionary history of the cytochrome P450s from Colletotrichum species and prediction of their putative functional roles during host-pathogen interactions.

The genomes of species belonging to the genus Colletotrichum harbor a substantial number of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) encoded by a broad diversity of gene families. However, the biological role of their CYP complement (CYPome) has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the putative evolutionary scenarios that occurred during the evolution of the CYPome belonging to the Colletotrichum Graminicola species complex (s.

Isolation and characterization of Fusarium spp. From unhatched eggs of Caretta caretta in Tuscany (Italy).

Sea Turtle Egg Fusariosis (STEF) is a worldwide emergent fungal disease affecting eggs and causing embryos mortality in turtle's nests such as those of Caretta caretta. It is caused by a complex of species belonging to Fusarium genus, particularly those included in the Fusarium Solani Species Complex (FSSC). During the samplings carried out in summer 2020 along the Tuscany coastlines (Italy), C.

First report of causing apple bitter rot worldwide (Italy).

Apple bitter rot is a globally widespread disease that is observed on fruits both pre-harvest and post-harvest, contributing to considerable economic losses. While the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex are predominant in Europe (Baroncelli et al. 2014; Amaral Carneiro and Baric 2021), in recent years, the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex are emerging, raising many concerns (Amaral Carneiro et al.

Loss of the accessory chromosome converts a pathogenic tree-root fungus into a mutualistic endophyte.

Some fungal accessory chromosomes (ACs) may contribute to virulence in plants. However, the mechanisms by which ACs determine specific traits associated with lifestyle transitions along a symbiotic continuum are not clear. Here we delineated the genetic divergence in two sympatric but considerably variable isolates (16B and 16W) of the poplar-associated fungus Stagonosporopsis rhizophilae.

First Report of Colletotrichum graminicola Causing Maize Anthracnose in Galicia, Northwestern Spain.

Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops worldwide, and fungal diseases are responsible for major losses in food production. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum graminicola can infect all maize tissues, although stalk rot and seedling blight cause more significant economic damage (Munkvold and White, 2016). Anthracnose stalk rot is characterized by a distinctive external blackening of the lower stalks resulting in large black streaks, while the pith turns dark brown and has a shredded appearance.

Attack of the clones: Population genetics reveals clonality of Colletotrichum lupini, the causal agent of lupin anthracnose.

Colletotrichum lupini, the causative agent of lupin anthracnose, affects lupin cultivation worldwide. Understanding its population structure and evolutionary potential is crucial to design successful disease management strategies. The objective of this study was to employ population genetics to investigate the diversity, evolutionary dynamics, and molecular basis of the interaction of this notorious lupin pathogen with its host.

Chromosome-level analysis of the genome reveals the unique characteristics of core and minichromosomes.

The fungal pathogen causes the anthracnose of maize () and is responsible for significant yield losses worldwide. The genome of was sequenced in 2012 using Sanger sequencing, 454 pyrosequencing, and an optical map to obtain an assembly of 13 pseudochromosomes. We re-sequenced the genome using a combination of short-read (Illumina) and long-read (PacBio) technologies to obtain a chromosome-level assembly.

Genome Resources of VdGL16: The Causal Agent of Vascular Wilt on the Invasive Species .

species are known as plant pathogens responsible for wilt diseases in a large variety of dicotyledon plants and crops in many parts of the world. Here we present the draft genome sequence of Kleb. (strain VdGL16) isolated in Italy from the invasive alien species (Mill.

Population Genomics Provide Insights into the Global Genetic Structure of , the Causal Agent of Maize Anthracnose.

Understanding the genetic diversity and mechanisms underlying genetic variation in pathogen populations is crucial to the development of effective control strategies. We investigated the genetic diversity and reproductive biology of Colletotrichum graminicola isolates which infect maize by sequencing the genomes of 108 isolates collected from 14 countries using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Clustering analyses based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed three genetic groups delimited by continental origin, compatible with short-dispersal of the pathogen and geographic subdivision.

Comparative transcriptomic provides novel insights into the soybean response to infection.

Introduction: Soybean () is among the most important crops in the world, and its production can be threatened by biotic diseases, such as anthracnose. Soybean anthracnose is a seed-borne disease mainly caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus . Typical symptoms are pre- and post-emergence damping off and necrotic lesions on cotyledons, petioles, leaves, and pods.

First Report of Mulberry Rust Caused by on in Brazil.

Leaf rust caused by (Cast.) Arth. is the main disease affecting Moraceae family plants, such as and species (Galleti and Rezende 2016; Srikantaswamy et al.

Comparative Genomics of the Genus Pseudomonas Reveals Host- and Environment-Specific Evolution.

Each Earth ecosystem has unique microbial communities. Pseudomonas bacteria have evolved to occupy a plethora of different ecological niches, including living hosts, such as animals and plants. Many genes necessary for the Pseudomonas-niche interaction and their encoded functions remain unknown.

Insights on KP4 Killer Toxin-like Proteins of Species in Interspecific Interactions.

KP4 killer toxins are secreted proteins that inhibit cell growth and induce cell death in target organisms. In , KP4-like (KP4L) proteins contribute to fungal virulence in wheat seedling rot and are expressed during Fusarium head blight development. However, fungal KP4L proteins are also hypothesized to support fungal antagonism by permeabilizing cell walls of competing fungi to enable penetration of toxic compounds.

Management of Post-Harvest Anthracnose: Current Approaches and Future Perspectives.

Anthracnose is a severe disease caused by spp. on several crop species. Fungal infections can occur both in the field and at the post-harvest stage causing severe lesions on fruits and economic losses.

Identification and Comparison of Secreted Effector Candidates Reveal Two Independent Lineages Pathogenic to Soybean.

is one of the most important plant pathogenic genus of fungi due to its scientific and economic impact. A wide range of hosts can be infected by spp., which causes losses in crops of major importance worldwide, such as soybean.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Plant-Pathogenic Fungus .

is a fungal genus (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Glomerellaceae) that includes many economically important plant pathogens that cause devastating diseases of a wide range of plants. In this work, using a combination of long- and short-read sequencing technologies, we sequenced the genome of RB221, isolated from white lupin () in France during a survey in 2014. The genome was assembled into 11 nuclear chromosomes and a mitochondrial genome with a total assembly size of 63.

A Major Effect Gene Controlling Development and Pathogenicity in Identified Through Genetic Analysis of Natural Mycelial Non-pathogenic Isolates.

is a necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus with a wide host range. Its natural populations are phenotypically and genetically very diverse. A survey of isolates causing gray mold in the vineyards of Castilla y León, Spain, was carried out and as a result eight non-pathogenic natural variants were identified.

Soybean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species: Current status and future prospects.

Unlabelled: Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important cultivated plants worldwide as a source of protein-rich foods and animal feeds. Anthracnose, caused by different lineages of the hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum, is one of the main limiting factors to soybean production. Losses due to anthracnose have been neglected, but their impact may threaten up to 50% of the grain production.

Fungal cross-talk: an integrated approach to study distance communication.

Despite the interest on fungi as eukaryotic model systems, the molecular mechanisms regulating the fungal non-self-recognition at a distance have not been studied so far. This paper investigates the molecular mechanisms regulating the cross-talk at a distance between two filamentous fungi, Trichoderma gamsii and Fusarium graminearum which establish a mycoparasitic interaction where T. gamsii and F.

Straw Competition and Wheat Root Endophytism of T6085 as Useful Traits in the Biological Control of Fusarium Head Blight.

T6085 has been investigated for many years as a beneficial isolate for use in the biocontrol of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat caused primarily by . Previous work focused on application of T6085 to wheat spikes at anthesis, whereas application to soil before or at sowing has received limited attention. In the present study, the competitive ability of T6085 on plant residues against was investigated.

Genome Sequence of the Biocontrol Agent Conio (IMI 134523).

(synonym, ) is a highly specific mycoparasite of the wide host range crop pathogen . The capability of to destroy the sclerotia of has been well recognized and it is available as a widely used biocontrol product Contans WG. We present the draft genome sequence of Conio (IMI 134523), which has previously been used in extensive studies that formed part of a registration package of the commercial product.

Deciphering the Infectious Process of in Lupin through Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis.

The fungal phytopathogen is responsible for lupin anthracnose, resulting in significant yield losses worldwide. The molecular mechanisms underlying this infectious process are yet to be elucidated. This study proposes to evaluate gene expression and protein synthesis during lupin infection, using, respectively, an RNAseq-based transcriptomic approach and a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach.