Daily ROX index can predict transitioning to mechanical ventilation within the next 24 h in COVID-19 patients on HFNC.

Introduction: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is used to prevent invasive ventilation in COVID-19-associated hypoxemia. The respiratory rate‑oxygenation (ROX) index has been reported to predict failure of HFNC in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia during the intensive care unit stay when measured in first hours of therapy. However, the clinical course of ICU patients may change substantially in the first days of admission.

Neurological Pupil Index and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Retrospective Multicentric Study.

Background: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) occurs in around 30% of patients suffering from nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is associated with poor neurological outcome. Whether the Neurological Pupil index (NPi) derived from the automated pupillometry could help to diagnose the occurrence of DCI remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of NPi with the occurrence of DCI in patients with SAH.

Effects of Tranexamic Acid in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Brazil: A Prospective Observational Study with Propensity Score Analysis.

Background: Rebleeding from a ruptured aneurysm increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is prevented by early aneurysm occlusion. The role of antifibrinolytics before aneurysm obliteration remains controversial. We investigated the effects of tranexamic acid on long-term functional outcomes of patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH).

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Multicenter Study in a Middle-Income Country.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with high mortality and long-term functional impairment. Data on clinical management and functional outcomes from developing countries are scarce. We aimed to define patient profiles and clinical practices and evaluate long-term outcomes after SAH in a middle-income country.

Effect of Convalescent Plasma in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: An Observational Study.

Convalescent plasma is a potential therapeutic option for critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), yet its efficacy remains to be determined. The aim was to investigate the effects of convalescent plasma (CP) in critically ill patients with COVID-19. This was a single-center prospective observational study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March 17th to May 30th, with final follow-up on June 30th.

Systemic Severity and Organ Dysfunction in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Large Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background And Purpose: Acute physiologic derangements and multiple organ dysfunction are common after subarachnoid hemorrhage. We aimed to evaluate the simplified acute physiology score 3 (SAPS-3) and the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores for the prediction of in-hospital mortality in a large multicenter cohort of SAH patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 45 ICUs in Brazil, during 2014 and 2015.

Incidence and impact of sepsis on long-term outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a prospective observational study.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an acute cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and long-term functional impairment among survivors. Systemic inflammatory responses after acute injury and nosocomial infections are frequent complications, making the management of these patients challenging. Here, we hypothesized that sepsis might be associated with early and long-term mortality and functional outcomes.

Hemoglobin metabolism by-products are associated with an inflammatory response in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

Objective: To evaluate the relationships of brain iron and heme with the inflammatory response of the systemic and central nervous systems and to investigate the role of defensive systems against the toxicity of iron and heme in the central nervous system.

Methods: We assessed a prospective cohort of patients presenting with intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. We assayed plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples for the presence of iron, heme, hemopexin, haptoglobin, enolase, S100-β and cytokines for the first three days following hemorrhagic stroke.

Effect of Early Brain Infarction After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is an acute cerebrovascular event that leads to devastating consequences. Early brain infarction (EBI) develops very early, within the first 72 hours after bleeding, and may have a significant impact on long-term outcomes. The incidence and impact of EBI in the prognosis of aSAH remain uncertain.