When being unattractive is an advantage: effects of face perception on intuitive culpability judgments.

This experiment explored the influence of facial attractiveness and trustworthiness on guilty judgments. We recruited 128 participants, randomly assigned to high and low time pressure conditions to act as judges in a simulated case. Participants judged nine male faces from the Chicago Face Database with three attractiveness levels (unattractive, neutral and attractive), featuring a 2 × 3 mixed factorial design, with consistent standardized average levels of face trustworthiness.

Cross-sectional online survey of the impact of new tobacco health warnings in Colombia.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the impact of a new set of six pictorial warnings introduced in 2018.

Design And Setting: Using a cross-sectional design, we examined awareness of the new warnings among Colombian smokers across two time points of data collection.

Participants: Adult smokers (≥18 years of age), defined as having smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and currently smoking at least one cigarette per week participated at time 1, prior to the introduction of the new health warnings in Colombia in 2018 (n=1985, 72% male), and at time 2, 12 months post introduction (n=1572, 69% male).

Standardised packs and larger health warnings: visual attention and perceptions among Colombian smokers and non-smokers.

Aims: To measure how cigarette packaging (standardised packaging and branded packaging) and health warning size affect visual attention and pack preferences among Colombian smokers and non-smokers.

Design: To explore visual attention, we used an eye-tracking experiment where non-smokers, weekly smokers and daily smokers were shown cigarette packs varying in warning size (30%-pictorial on top of the text, 30%-pictorial and text side-by-side, 50%, 70%) and packaging (standardised packaging, branded packaging). We used a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to examine the impact of warning size, packaging and brand name on preferences to try, taste perceptions and perceptions of harm.

Identifying Resilience Factors of Distress and Paranoia During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Five Countries.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has affected all countries with more than 100 million confirmed cases and over 2.1 million casualties by the end of January 2021 worldwide. A prolonged pandemic can harm global levels of optimism, regularity, and sense of meaning and belonging, yielding adverse effects on individuals' mental health as represented by worry, paranoia, and distress.

From incidental learning to explicit memory: The role of sleep after exposure to a serial reaction time task.

This laboratory study explores whether sleep has different effects on explicit (recognition-based) and implicit (priming-based) memory. Eighty-nine healthy participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: sleep or wake. All participants were previously exposed to an incidental learning session involving a 12-element deterministic second-order conditional sequence embedded in a serial reaction time task.

Perceived efficacy of COVID-19 restrictions, reactions and their impact on mental health during the early phase of the outbreak in six countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced millions of people to drastically change their social life habits as governments employed harsh restrictions to reduce the spread of the virus. Although beneficial to physical health, the perception of physical distancing and related restrictions could impact mental health. In a pre-registered online survey, we assessed how effective a range of restrictions were perceived, how severely they affected daily life, general distress and paranoia during the early phase of the outbreak in Brazil, Colombia, Germany, Israel, Norway and USA.

How Do Induced Affective States Bias Emotional Contagion to Faces? A Three-Dimensional Model.

Affective states can propagate in a group of people and influence their ability to judge others' affective states. In the present paper, we present a simple mathematical model to describe this process in a three-dimensional affective space. We obtained data from 67 participants randomly assigned to two experimental groups.

Mental capacity in Colombia: a comparison with the UK.

Several international proclamations in the last decades have advocated for the dignity and autonomy of persons with mental disorders. Few discussions have been generated regarding the implication of this transition in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this publication is to review how the concept of mental capacity has been defined in Colombian law.

Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998).

Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998) reported that participants primed with a category associated with intelligence ("professor") subsequently performed 13% better on a trivia test than participants primed with a category associated with a lack of intelligence ("soccer hooligans"). In two unpublished replications of this study designed to verify the appropriate testing procedures, Dijksterhuis, van Knippenberg, and Holland observed a smaller difference between conditions (2%-3%) as well as a gender difference: Men showed the effect (9.3% and 7.

Temporal Stability of Implicit Sequence Knowledge: Implications for Single-system Models of Memory.

Previous research has shown that explicit and implicit knowledge of artificial grammars may decay at different rates (e.g., Tamayo & Frensch, 2007; Tunney, 2003).

Interference produces different forgetting rates for implicit and explicit knowledge.

Exposure to a repeating set of target strings generated by an artificial grammar in a speeded matching task generates both explicit and implicit knowledge. Previous research has shown that implicit knowledge (assessed via a priming measure) is preserved after a retention interval of one week but explicit knowledge (assessed via recognition) is significantly reduced. In two experiments, we replicated and extended Tunney's findings.