Inflammatory Changes after Medical Suppression of Suspected Endometriosis for Implantation Failure: Preliminary Results.

Unexplained euploid embryo transfer failure (UEETF) is a frustrating and unanswered conundrum accounting for 30 to 50% of failures in in vitro fertilization using preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). Endometriosis is thought by many to account for most of such losses and menstrual suppression or surgery prior to the next transfer has been reported to be beneficial. In this study, we performed endometrial biopsy in a subset of women with UEETF, testing for the oncogene BCL6 and the histone deacetylase SIRT1.

Multiplexed serum biomarkers to discriminate nonviable and ectopic pregnancy.

Objective: To evaluate combinations of candidate biomarkers to develop a multiplexed prediction model for identifying the viability and location of an early pregnancy. In this study, we assessed 24 biomarkers with multiple machine learning-based methodologies to assess if multiplexed biomarkers may improve the diagnosis of normal and abnormal early pregnancies.

Design: A nested case-control design evaluated the predictive ability and discrimination of biomarkers in patients at risk of early pregnancy failure in the first trimester to classify viability and location.

Deep learning neural network image analysis of immunohistochemical protein expression reveals a significantly reduced expression of biglycan in breast cancer.

New breast cancer biomarkers have been sought for better tumor characterization and treatment. Among these putative markers, there is Biglycan (BGN). BGN is a class I small leucine-rich proteoglycan family of proteins characterized by a protein core with leucine-rich repeats.

Breast cancer dataset with biomarker Biglycan.

This dataset is composed of photomicrographs of the immunohistochemical expression of Biglycan (BGN) in breast tissue, with and without cancer, using only the staining of 3-3' diaminobenzidine (DAB), after processing images with color deconvolution plugin, from Image J. The immunohistochemical DAB expression of BGN was obtained using the monoclonal antibody (M01) (clone 4E1-1G7 - Abnova Corporation, mouse anti-human). Photomicrographs were obtained, under standard conditions, using an optical microscope, with UPlanFI 100x objective (resolution: 2.

Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy using Bayes theorem: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To verify the accuracy of an online algorithm using Bayes' theorem for diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP) using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), ultrasound, and clinical data in a real cohort.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Gynecologic emergency unit in a tertiary teaching hospital.

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in Women Who Are Candidates for In Vitro Fertilization in a Private Reference Service in Southern Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction  (CT) has been related to fallopian tube damage and infertility. Its prevalence in the population that attend public services is known; however, there is scant data on this factor in private infertility clinics. The objective of this study is to verify the prevalence of CT among women attending a private in vitro fertilization (IVF) reference clinic in southern Brazil.

Are All Views with and without Displacement Maneuver Necessary in Augmentation Mammography? Putting Numbers Into Perspective.

Objective: Augmentation implants pose a challenge for radiologists. Displacing the implant allows slightly more breast tissue to be visualized than the standard compression views. The objective of this study was to verify the agreement between craniocaudal (CC) views and CC with implant displacement (CC-ID), mediolateral oblique (MLO) and MLO-ID and the inter- and intraobserver agreement of mammographic images for finding abnormal images.

Lower and extended dosage of misoprostol for cervical ripening in 1st trimester miscarriage (MISO200): A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of priming the uterine cervix before Manual Vaccum Aspiration (MVA) using 200 µg or 400 µg of vaginal misoprostol, inserted a mean time of 6 h before MVA in first trimester miscarriage.

Study Design: Randomized, triple-blind, non-inferiority clinical trial. Patients between 18 and 50 years old, with a diagnosis of miscarriage, were eligible for the study.

Comparison of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) plasma levels between patients with and without appendicitis, a case-controlled study.

Acute appendicitis (AA) is the first cause of emergency surgery. Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been shown to be a potential biomarker in cases of AA in children, but there are conflicting results for its use in adults. The objective of this study is to compare the median plasma values of LRG1 in patients with acute abdomen with and without appendicitis.

Epidemiological Profile of the Victims of Sexual Violence Treated at a Referral Center in Southern Brazil.

Objective:  To characterize the sociodemographic profile of women victims of sexual violence treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil.

Method:  The present cross-sectional study included all female victims of sexual violence who attended the sexual violence unit at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA, in the Portuguese acronym) from April 18, 2000 to December 31, 2017. Data were extracted from the electronic record of the patients and stored in a standardized questionnaire database with epidemiological aspects of the victim, the perpetrators and the type of aggression.

Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease.

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) affects 4% to 12% of women of reproductive age. The main intervention for acute PID is broad-spectrum antibiotics administered intravenously, intramuscularly or orally. We assessed the optimal treatment regimen for PID.

Simple Trick for Placement of the Robotic Single-Site Device in Obese Patients.

Background: The creation of the da Vinci Single-Site© Surgical Platform (DVSSP) allowed robotic surgery to perform single portal procedures. Due to the characteristics of the robotic single-site system, the triangulation of the instruments was optimized, facilitating the execution of the movements. For this, the care in the placement of the portal have fundamental importance.

Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and unexplained infertility: twins in disguise.

Study Question: Is B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 (BCL6) endometrial expression, a surrogate biomarker of endometriosis, elevated in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (uRPL) and unexplained infertility (UI) compared to fertile subjects?

Summary Answer: Endometrial BCL6 expression is elevated to a similar degree in women with uRPL and UI compared to fertile controls.

What Is Known Already: Endometriosis has been linked to the genesis of endometrial progesterone resistance and to specific nuclear proteins, including endometrial BCL6. BCL6 overexpression (immune histologic score > 1.

Medical or surgical treatment before embryo transfer improves outcomes in women with abnormal endometrial BCL6 expression.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of medical or surgical treatment prior to embryo transfer in women with elevated endometrial BCL6 expression and suspected endometriosis in a prospective, cohort study design at a university-associated infertility clinic.

Methods: All subjects had at least 1 year of unexplained infertility (UI) and each prospectively underwent endometrial biopsy and immunostaining for the oncogene BCL6, prior to embryo transfer during an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle. To be included, subjects had to have an abnormal BCL6 result, defined by elevated HSCORE ≥ 1.

Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease: an abridged version of a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and safety of antibiotic regimens used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Design: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Risk of bias was assessed using the criteria outlined in the Cochrane guidelines.

IL-17 blood levels increase in healthy pregnancy but not in spontaneous abortion.

Cytokines are essential to maintain and coordinate the correct activity of immune cells during human pregnancy. IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that induces the expression of many inflammatory mediators. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines of women ongoing normal pregnancy with those found in women who suffered spontaneous abortion.

Which mode and potency of electrocoagulation yields the Smallest Unobstructed Area of the Fallopian Tubes?

Objective:  To determine which mode and potency of electrocoagulation, using a modern electrosurgical generator, yields the smallest unobstructed area of the Fallopian tubes.

Methods:  In an experimental study, tubes from 48 hysterectomies or tubal ligation were evaluated. Tubes were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: group A) 25 W x 5 seconds ( = 17); group B) 30 W x 5 seconds ( = 17); group C) 35 W x 5 seconds ( = 18), group D) 40 W x 5 seconds ( = 20); group E) 40 W x 5 seconds with visual inspection (blanch, swells, collapse) ( = 16); group F) 50 W x 5 seconds ( = 8).

The Use of Resveratrol as an Adjuvant Treatment of Pain in Endometriosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Context: Resveratrol has been used for the treatment of endometriosis.

Objective: To compare resveratrol (40 mg/d) with monophasic contraceptive pill (COC) to COC with placebo for the reduction of pain scores.

Design: A randomized clinical trial.

Moistening the new vaginal misoprostol tablets: does it increase the efficacy of cervical priming before manual vacuum aspiration in first-trimester miscarriage? A randomised clinical trial.

Objectives: The primary objective of our study was to ascertain whether moistening the Brazilian formulation of vaginal misoprostol tablets increases cervical dilation before manual vacuum aspiration (MVA), compared with use of dry misoprostol, in first-trimester miscarriage. The secondary objective was to ascertain whether there was any correlation between vaginal pH and the degree of cervical dilation using a moistened or dry misoprostol tablet.

Methods: In a single-centre, double-blind, randomised trial, 46 patients with first-trimester miscarriage were randomly allocated to treatment with dry or moistened (with 200 µl distilled water) 2 × 200 μg misoprostol tablets.

Endometrial BCL6 testing for the prediction of in vitro fertilization outcomes: a cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate endometrial BCL6 expression as a prognostic biomarker for IVF outcome in women with unexplained infertility (UI) before ET.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: University-associated infertility clinic.

The Effect of Copper on Endometrial Receptivity and Induction of Apoptosis on Decidualized Human Endometrial Stromal Cells.

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have been widely used to prevent pregnancies with great efficacy during decades. It has been demonstrated that IUD alters the endometrial gene expression, but there is no scientific data about how copper, a metal commonly used in these devices, by itself, is able to influence the processes of endometrial receptivity and apoptosis in decidualized human endometrial stromal cells. Five endometrial samples were obtained from fertile women and processed by a standard protocol to obtain human endometrial stromal cells for in vitro studies.

Effect of randomized serum progesterone concentration on secretory endometrial histologic development and gene expression.

Study Question: What doses of secretory phase progesterone (P) in women are associated with altered endometrial structure and/or function?

Summary Answer: Consistently delayed histological maturation was seen at the lowest tested daily P dose (2.5 mg), whereas consistently altered functional response, as reflected by microarray analysis of gene expression was seen at both the 5 and 2.5 mg doses.