Publications by authors named "Ricardo Saranz"

The understanding of immunological processes associated with allergic diseases and advancements in antibody bioengineering has driven the development of specific biological therapies. Monoclonal antibodies, selectively targeting cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of allergic processes or their receptors, have emerged as a promising tool in treating various conditions, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and severe atopic dermatitis. Since the approval of the first anti-CD3 mouse monoclonal antibody in 1986, remarkable progress has been achieved, marked by the development of chimeric, 'humanized,' and 'fully human' antibodies.

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The respiratory tract, from the nose to the lung, behaves as an anatomical and pathophysiological unit under a holistic model. Lower airway abnormalities, such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reduced lung function and inflammation of the bronchial mucosa without clinical expression, have been observed in patients with rhinitis without asthma. These would be the consequence of a common systemic inflammatory phenomenon with simultaneous impact on the nose and lung.

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Article Synopsis
  • Latex allergy (NRLA) is a significant global health issue, particularly affecting children, with symptoms ranging from mild irritation to severe anaphylactic reactions.
  • Latex is sourced from the Hevea Brasiliensis tree, and despite safety measures, NRLA remains common, especially in vulnerable groups like children with spina bifida.
  • Effective diagnosis involves medical history and tests, while prevention mainly focuses on minimizing exposure, and treatment options like immunotherapy show mixed results, impacting the quality of life for affected children.
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Introduction: Several evidences support the concept of united airway and its pathophysiological, clinical, and therapeutic implications. The existence of rhinitis can generate greater difficulty in asthma control and higher direct and indirect health care costs, which is not sufficiently recognized by the majority of physicians who often treat them as separate entities.

Objective: To examine witness evidence of the relationship between rhinitis and asthma that contributes to the integrated approach to both pathologies.

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. However, it remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. Its prevalence has increased in recent years and varies from 2 to 25 %.

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Introduction: Measurement of the exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) has been proposed as an indirect and non-invasive method to detect eosinophilic airway inflammation. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is frequently associated with high levels of FeNO. Allergic sensitization can contribute to the recruitment of eosinophils in the airway and the consequent increase in FeNO.

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Introduction: Nasal obstruction (NO) is the most irritating symptom of chronic rhinitis (CR). The results of studies that correlated subjective and objective methods of NO in children and adults were contradictory.

Objectives: To analyze the correlation between subjective NO scales and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) measurements and compare the subjective NO assessment and PNIF in children by age.

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Background: There is subclinical bronchial inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). There is less evidence of inflammation of the lower airway in non-allergic rhinitis (NAR).

Objective: To investigate the inflammation of the lower airway by exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in patients with AR and NAR without asthma and its link to lung function, the severity of rhinitis, and biomarkers of atopy.

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Background: The link between upper and lower airways is recognized clinically as a “unique airway”. Subclinical spirometric abnormalities have been observed in patients with rhinitis without asthma, which could be proportional to rhinitis severity.

Objectives: To investigate possible subclinical alterations in lung function and bronchodilator reversibility in children and adolescents with allergic (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) without asthma, according to the clinical grade of rhinitis classified by ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma).

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In recent years there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases despite advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, the dissemination of guidelines for its management and the emergence of new drugs. The reasons for this increase are not fully established, but it is suggested that multiple environmental factors may be involved. Inhaled air contains numerous harmful agents in addition to environmental allergens.

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Problem: IgG is the only antibody class, that is, actively transferred from the mother to the fetus across the placenta by an active, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) mediated process during pregnancy, conferring passive immunity and protection against infections to the newborn during the first months of life. Preterm infants may not receive sufficient titers of protective antibodies, as most of them are transferred only after the 34th week of gestation. Because of the great importance of this process, we investigated in a clinical setting the placental transmission of IgG antibodies in term and preterm newborns.

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Background: Nasal cytology in a easy-to apply method to differentiate rhinitis phenotypes from a physiopathogenic and diagnostic perspective. There are controversies about the relationship between clinical severity of rhinitis and inflammatory patterns expressed in the nasal cytology.

Objectives: To study the characteristic of the eosinophil and neutrophil patterns in the nasal scraping for Allergic Rhinitis (AR) and Non Allergic Rhinitis (NAR) and its relationship with the clinical grades of rhinitis established by the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthama Guideline (ARIA) Methods: In a observational, cross-sectional study we included patients aged 5 to 18 years presenting symptoms of either allergic (AR) or non- allergic rinitis (NAR) without asthma.

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Allergic diseases cause great impact on the health related quality of life in children and adolescents, resulting in increased school absenteeism and deficiencies in school performance. Although the bibliographic framework on allergic diseases is wide, in our country, there are no guidelines for proper management of the allergic child at school. It is necessary to establish guidelines for coordinated action among the educational community, the families, the pediatrician, the health team and governmental and non-governmental authorities.

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Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are low-prevalence diseases. There are warning signs that may raise clinical suspicion. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical characteristics and warning signs of patients with PID and to compare the clinical differences between selective immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency and other PIDs.

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In 1998, the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría issued the recommendation of the treatment of anaphylactic shock. While this recommendation suggested the use of subcutaneous epinephrine, currently the intramuscular via is considered the most appropriate one. Pharmacological aspects determine this preference.

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The link between upper and lower airways has been observed in the past, but only carefully investigated during the last years. Allergic rhinitis and asthma are often comorbid conditions. Its relationship is supported by epidemiological, anatomical and physiological, immunopathological, clinical and therapeutic studies, mostly related to allergic rhinitis.

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Introduction: There is epidemiological, functional and pathologic evidence that relates upper and lower airways, clinically known as a single respiratory tract. Patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma may present subclinical abnormal spirometry parameters.

Objectives: To describe the results of the flow-volume curve in a group of patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma and analyze the possible associations between anthropometric, clinical and biochemical outcome measures with abnormal spirometry results.

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Chronic cough is a symptom of various respiratory and non-respiratory conditions with negative impact on quality of life of children and their families. The pediatricians should focus their efforts in search for etiological diagnosis. A careful medical history and physical examination are the mainstays of diagnosis and guidance to further studies that may contribute to detection of final causes.

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Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. While most children with asthma respond to low doses of inhaled corticosteroids and /or leukotriene receptor antagonists, some of them remain symptomatic regardless of any therapeutic effort, showing a high morbidity and even mortality. While most of the patients control symptoms adequately, there is a large group with severe symptoms of the disease and difficult to control.

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