Technical Pearls and Pitfalls of Facial Feminization Surgery: A Review of Techniques From a Single Institutional Practice.

Background: Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is an emerging practice that falls under the broader umbrella of gender-affirming surgery. Various approaches exist to feminize the face, yet few published articles describe in detail the techniques of each component procedure. Considering the diversity of interventions employed, the objective of this manuscript is to highlight FFS techniques utilized by the senior author and create a corresponding media gallery.

Gender-affirming hysterectomy in the United States: A comparative outcomes analysis and potential implications for uterine transplantation.

Purpose: Hysterectomy is a gynecological procedure sometimes performed as part of the gender-affirming process for transgender and gender-expansive patients assigned female at birth. Our goal was to compare surgical outcomes between patients undergoing gender-affirming hysterectomy and patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign menstrual disorders. We then explored the implications of gender-affirming hysterectomy for uterine transplantation.

Meta-Analysis of Validated Quality of Life Outcomes Following Voice Feminization in Transwomen.

Objectives: For transwomen undergoing voice feminization interventions, fundamental frequency (F 0 ; vocal pitch) is a commonly reported functional outcome measure in the literature. However, F 0 may not correlate well with improvement in quality of life (QoL). Several validated voice-related QoL instruments have been used to assess QoL improvement in these patients, yet there is no consensus on the most appropriate instrument.

Comparative Outcomes of Malar Implants Versus Fat Transfer to Cheeks Among Transfeminine Individuals Undergoing Malar Augmentation.

Background: Malar augmentation is a key procedure sought out by transfeminine individuals seeking to feminize their facial appearance. Different surgical techniques have been described in the literature including fat transfer to the cheeks and malar implant placement. Because of the paucity of information in the literature, there is no consensus on best practices for this procedure.

Immunologic Outcomes in Cross-Sex Solid Organ Transplants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Inform Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.

Background: Of nearly 90 hand and 50 face transplant recipients, only five have received a cross-sex vascularized composite allotransplantation (CS-VCA). CS-VCA has the potential to expand the donor pool and has been proven anatomically feasible and ethically acceptable in previous studies. However, there is a lack of immunologic data.

Trends, Gaps, and Collaboration in Facial Transplantation: A Bibliometric Study.

Unlabelled: Facial transplantation (FT) has advanced extensively over the past two decades, with over 40 transplants performed to date. Over this time, the FT literature has evolved as well, from early discussions on ethics and feasibility of FT to functional outcomes reports more recently. We aimed to evaluate the entire body of FT literature to identify trends in publications over time in addition to current existing gaps in the field.

Characterizing Cleft Rhinoplasty Across Skeletal Maturity: A Systematic Review of Terminology and Surgical Techniques.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess cleft rhinoplasty terminology across phases of growth.

Design/setting: A systematic review was performed on cleft rhinoplasty publications over 20 years.

Interventions: Studies were categorized by age at surgical intervention: infant (<1 year); immature (1 to 14 years); mature (>15 years).

Perioperative Medication Management in Elective Plastic Surgery Procedures.

Background: Perioperative medication management is vital to maintain patient safety while under anesthesia, as well as to avoid postoperative complications. Plastic surgeons make daily decisions on whether to ask a patient to stop taking medication before their surgery. These important decisions can affect bleeding risk, wound healing, and interactions with anesthetics, which can range from minor to life-threatening.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Facial Anthropometric Variations Among Cisgender Females of Different Ethnicities: Implications for Feminizing Facial Gender Affirming Surgery.

Background: Feminizing Facial Gender-Affirming Surgery (FFGAS) is gaining popularity among the diverse population of patients impacted by gender incongruence. However, most studies examining facial femininity are based on Caucasians. Thus, it is unclear if ethnic differences exist in anthropometric measures relevant to FFGAS procedures.

Secondary Surgery in Facial Feminization: Reasons and Recommendations.

Background: As facial feminization surgery (FFS) continues to grow in access and popularity, the need for secondary FFS can be expected to increase. The purpose of this study was to identify reasons for FFS reoperation and offer recommendations to minimize secondary surgery.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent FFS from October 2017 to 2021 was performed.

Patient-centred outcomes and dental implant placement in computer-aided free flap mandibular reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Computerised surgical planning (CSP) and computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) have been demonstrated to increase surgical accuracy and reduce operative time in free flap mandibular reconstruction, but evidence is lacking as to their impact on patient-centred outcomes. Implant-supported dental prostheses, however, have been associated with improved quality of life outcomes following free flap mandibular reconstruction. We aim to review reported patient-centred outcomes in mandibular reconstruction with CSP and CAD/CAM and determine whether use of these technologies is associated with higher rates of dental implant placement following free flap mandibular reconstruction.

An in vivo preclinical study assessing biocompatibility of Pd-based bulk metallic glass.

Background: The bulk metallic glass (BMG), Pd79Ag3.5P6Si9.5Ge2, has a high fracture toughness and has been found to accommodate post-yield stress, unlike most other BMG.

Gender Affirmation Surgery on the Rise: Analysis of Trends and Outcomes.

Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) has become an important component of the treatment of gender dysphoria. Although the frequency of these procedures is on the rise, a complete safety profile has yet to be established. The goal of our study is to analyze the trends and outcomes of these surgical procedures.

Quantification of Facial Allograft Edema During Acute Rejection: A Software-Based 3-Dimensional Analysis.

Background: Acute rejection (AR) is a common complication in facial transplant (FT) patients associated with allograft edema and erythema. Our study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of using software-based 3-dimensional (3D) facial analysis to quantify edema as it resolves during/after AR treatment in an FT patient.

Methods: Our patient is a 23-year-old man who underwent a face and bilateral hand allotransplant in August 2020.

Measurements of motor functional outcomes in facial transplantation: A systematic review.

Although the ethical and technical feasibility of face transplant (FT) has been established, current literature lacks consensus on functional outcomes monitoring for recipients. This systematic review aims to appraise and summarize the current literature on tools used to assess motor functional outcomes in FT. This study complied with the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

"Septoplasty" Performed at Primary Cleft Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Call for Accurate Terminology.

Objective: Primary cleft nasal repair can include septal reconstruction. We hypothesize that primary cleft septoplasty and adult septoplasty have fundamental differences that render these procedures as distinct surgical entities.

Design: Systematic review of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases performed on pediatric cleft and general adult septoplasty techniques through December 2021.

Recipient Selection Criteria for Facial Transplantation: A Systematic Review.

Background: Recipient selection is an important determinant of surgical outcomes in facial transplantation (FT). Appropriately, each FT program develops their own guidelines for recipient selection criteria. Currently, there is no resource to simultaneously assess and identify similarities and differences between these guidelines.

The presence of 3D printing in orthopedics: A clinical and material review.

The field of additive manufacturing, 3D printing (3DP), has experienced an exponential growth over the past four decades, in part due to increased accessibility. Developments including computer-aided design and manufacturing, incorporation of more versatile materials, and improved printing techniques/equipment have stimulated growth of 3DP technologies within various industries, but most specifically the medical field. Alternatives to metals including ceramics and polymers have been garnering popularity due to their resorbable properties and physiologic similarity to extracellular matrix.

Implementation of an Ambulatory Cleft Lip Repair Protocol: Surgical Outcomes.

Objectives: Cleft lip repair has traditionally been performed as an inpatient procedure. There has been an interest toward outpatient cleft lip repair to reduce healthcare costs and avoid unnecessary hospital stay. We report surgical outcomes following implementation of an ambulatory cleft lip repair protocol and hypothesize that an ambulatory repair results in comparable safety outcomes to inpatient repair.

Frontal Sinus Fractures: Evidence and Clinical Reflections.

Background: Despite significant advances in the management of frontal sinus fractures, there is still a paucity of large-cohort data, and a comprehensive synthesis of the current literature is warranted. The purpose of this study was to present an evidence-based overview of frontal sinus fracture management and outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE was conducted for studies published between 1992 and 2020 investigating frontal sinus fractures.

Double-Barrel Versus Single-Barrel Fibula Flaps for Mandibular Reconstruction: Safety and Outcomes.

Objectives/hypothesis: Fibula flaps are routinely used for osseous reconstruction of head and neck defects. However, single-barrel fibula flaps may result in a height discrepancy between native mandible and grafted bone, limiting outcomes from both an aesthetic and dental standpoint. The double-barrel fibula flap aims to resolve this.