Land use to agriculture and planted forests strongly affect the genetic diversity of Spreng., a native herb of South America.

Human population growth constantly requires an increase in the production of food and products from the timber industry. To meet this demand, agriculture and planted forests are advancing over natural areas. In view of this, it is necessary to know the effects of land use for different purposes (grain production, pastures, planted forests, fruit production and among other uses) on the genetic diversity of populations of native species.

Karyotype structure and cytogenetic markers of and : contribution to understanding leaf-cutting ant relationships.

Leaf-cutting ants are considered the most important herbivores in terrestrial environments throughout the Neotropics. Cristiano, Cardoso, & Sandoval, 2020 is the sister clade of the remaining leaf-cutting ants from the genera and . was the only species cytogenetically studied within the genus and shares the same chromosomal number as , bearing 22 chromosomes, whereas bears 38 chromosomes, with the exception of the social parasite (2 = 36).

Comparative FISH-mapping of TTAGG telomeric sequences to the chromosomes of leafcutter ants (Formicidae, Myrmicinae): is the insect canonical sequence conserved?

Telomeric sequences are conserved across species. The most common sequence reported among insects is (TTAGG), but its universal occurrence is not a consensus because other canonical motifs have been reported. In the present study, we used fluorescence hybridization (FISH) using telomeric probes with (TTAGG) repeats to describe the telomere composition of leafcutter ants.

Karyotype and putative chromosomal inversion suggested by integration of cytogenetic and molecular data of the fungus-farming ant Emery, 1888.

Comparative cytogenetic analyses are being increasingly used to collect information on species evolution, for example, diversification of closely related lineages and identification of morphologically indistinguishable species or lineages. Here, we have described the karyotype of the fungus-farming ant Emery, 1888 and investigated its evolutionary relationships on the basis of molecular and cytogenetic data. The karyotype consists of 2n = 20 chromosomes (2K = 18M + 2SM).

Chromosomal dynamics in space and time: evolutionary history of Mycetophylax ants across past climatic changes in the Brazilian Atlantic coast.

Fungus-farming ants of the genus Mycetophylax exhibit intra and interspecific chromosome variability, which makes them suitable for testing hypotheses about possible chromosomal rearrangements that endure lineage diversification. We combined cytogenetic and molecular data from Mycetophylax populations from coastal environments to trace the evolutionary history of the clade in light of chromosomal changes under a historical and geographic context. Our cytogenetic analyses revealed chromosomal differences within and among species.

Population-Based Cytogenetic Banding Analysis and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Neotropical Fungus-Farming Ant Trachymyrmex holmgreni Wheeler, 1925.

Trachymyrmex is one of the most species-rich genera within fungus-farming ants and presents intraspecific cytogenetic polymorphisms as well as possible cryptic species. This ant genus is currently paraphyletic. Therefore, to unravel systematic and taxonomic misunderstandings, it is necessary to incorporate new information.