Postoperative Imaging of Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is a highly prevalent disease that affects 10%-15% of women of reproductive age worldwide and is mainly associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. With the widespread use of imaging for the diagnosis and monitoring of endometriosis, combined with the ability of surgery to eradicate the disease and address infertility, there has been a significant increase in recent years in imaging examinations for postoperative evaluation of endometriosis. US and MRI are used not only to help diagnose and map endometriosis but also to evaluate refractory symptoms, residual lesions, and complications at posttreatment assessment.

Reproducibility of MRI Features of Uterine Leiomyomas: A Study on Interobserver Agreement and Inter-Method Agreement With Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate interobserver agreement in the interpretation of different MRI features of uterine leiomyomas (UL) according to observers' experience, and to assess the inter-method reproducibility (MRI versus surgery) regarding the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification.

Methods: Retrospective study including UL patients who underwent MRI and surgical treatment. Four blinded observers (2 >10 years of experience) assessed UL regarding dimensions and volume; inner and outer mantles; FIGO classification; vascularization; degeneration; and diffusion-weighted imaging features.

Expression of stem cell-related genes in the endometrium and endometriotic lesions: a pilot study.

Objective: To compare the expression of stem cell-related genes in the endometrium (END), superficial endometriosis (SE), and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Study Design: We performed a prospective pilot study of six women suffering from SE and DIE who gave consent for laparoscopy surgery, endometrial biopsies, and participation in this study. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of 84 stem cell-related genes was performed in 18 biopsy samples.

The relationship among HOXA10, estrogen receptor α, progesterone receptor, and progesterone receptor B proteins in rectosigmoid endometriosis: a tissue microarray study.

Background: Very few studies have evaluated the expression of homeobox A10 (HOXA10) and steroid (estrogen and progesterone) receptors exclusively in deep endometriosis. Conclusions drawn from studies evaluating peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis are usually generalized to explain the pathogenesis of the disease as a whole. We aimed to evaluate the expression of HOXA10, estrogen receptor α (ER-α), progesterone receptor (PR), and PR-B in rectosigmoid endometriosis (RE), a typical model of deep disease.

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata associated with endometriosis and multiple uterus-like mass: report of two cases.

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminate (LPD) is a rare benign disease of unknown etiology of women in reproductive age. A few reported cases of association with endometriosis have been described suggesting a possible origin from submesothelial multipotential cells. We present two cases of LPD associated with endometriosis expressing smooth muscle metaplasia, and some of the nodules with aspects of uterus-like mass.

Findings of pelvic endometriosis at transvaginal US, MR imaging, and laparoscopy.

Endometriosis is a common multifocal gynecologic disease that manifests during the reproductive years, often causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. It may occur as invasive peritoneal fibrotic nodules and adhesions or as ovarian cysts with hemorrhagic content. Although findings at physical examination may be suggestive, imaging is necessary for definitive diagnosis, patient counseling, and treatment planning.

Transvaginal US after bowel preparation for deeply infiltrating endometriosis: protocol, imaging appearances, and laparoscopic correlation.

Deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is a common gynecologic disease that is characterized by a difficult and delayed diagnosis. Radiologic mapping of the DIE lesion sites is crucial for case management, patient counseling, and surgical planning. Transvaginal ultrasonography (US) is the initial imaging modality for investigating DIE and has been the focus of several recent studies.

The role of the Hoxa10/HOXA10 gene in the etiology of endometriosis and its related infertility: a review.

Purpose: endometriosis and its associated infertility have been the object of continuous research for over a century. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease, it has become necessary to determine the aspects of its etiology that are not explained by the retrograde menstruation theory. This could in turn elucidate how various clinical and surgical treatments might affect the evolution and remission of the disease.

The feasibility of laparoscopic bowel resection performed by a gynaecologist to treat endometriosis.

Purpose Of Review: Intestinal endometriosis is commonly diagnosed in the setting of deeply infiltrating endometriosis. A multidisciplinary team that includes gynaecologists and general surgeons traditionally performs laparoscopic bowel resections for symptomatic patients. Recently, Pereira et al.

Successful interval laparoscopic transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage preceding twin gestation: a case report.

Laparoscopic transabdominal cervicoisthmic cerclage (LTCC) is an alternative, less-morbid option to the traditional transabdominal cerclage, indicated for patients with cervical incompetence. Experience with the technique is based on case reports and a few case series. Considering LTCC for twin gestations, reports are very scarce and are derived from LTCC performed during pregnancy.

Should the gynecologist perform laparoscopic bowel resection to treat endometriosis? Results over 7 years in 168 patients.

Study Objective: To assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic bowel resections for endometriosis performed by gynecologic surgeons.

Design: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force Classification II-3).

Setting: Fertility and pelvic surgery clinics.

Extensive excision of deep infiltrative endometriosis before in vitro fertilization significantly improves pregnancy rates.

Study Objective: We sought to compare the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments in women with infertility-associated deep infiltrative endometriosis (DIE) who underwent extensive laparoscopic excision of endometriosis before IVF with those who underwent IVF only.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Infertility clinic and private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.

Use of circular stapler for laparoscopic excision of rectosigmoid anterior wall endometriosis.

The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic rectosigmoid anterior wall discoid resection for endometriosis using the circular stapler. A retrospective analysis was conducted of nine consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic radical excision of pelvic endometriosis, including bowel anterior wall discoid excision, at the Fertility and Pelvic Surgery Clinic and private hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. The selected intervention was a radical laparoscopic endometriosis resection, including rectosigmoid anterior wall excision with the circular stapler.