Endovascular Management of Iatrogenic Renal Vascular Injuries: Case Series and Systematic Review.

Unlabelled: Minimally invasive techniques for the treatment and diagnosis of kidney disease seek to preserve the greatest amount of parenchyma. Bleeding after these practices is rare, but must be treated quickly given its severity. Iatrogenic renal vascular injuries (IRVI) resulting from these procedures include active bleeding, arterial pseudoaneurysms, and arteriovenous fistulas.