Serial Tap Test of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: impact on cognitive function and its meaning.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is characterized by gait disturbance, urinary incontinence and cognitive decline. Symptoms are potentially reversible and treatment is based on cerebrospinal fluid shunting. The tap test (TT) is used to identify patients that will benefit from surgery.

Post-dural puncture headache incidence after cerebrospinal fluid aspiration. A prospective observational study.

Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is an iatrogenic condition following lumbar puncture (LP). Incidence is variable and often associated with young females. Technical features of the procedure (i.

Salomón Hakim: the man behind normal pressure hydrocephalus.

The illustrious Colombian Professor Salomón Hakim provided the annals of neurology with one of the most brilliant and original bodies of research on record, developing the concept of normal pressure hydrocephalus, as well as proving that ventricular shunting is an effective treatment. Thus, Professor Hakim proved that some of the dementias, at that time considered senile, could be successfully treated. Here the authors present an historical review of his main contributions, which continue to influence the study of dementia to this day.

Prevalence of dementia in patients seen at a private hospital in the Southern Region of Brazil.

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients seen at a dementia outpatient clinic.

Methods: A retrospective study conducted by medical record review searching data on sex, race, age, schooling level, and diagnosis of patients seen from 2008 to 2015.

Results: A total of 760 patients were studied, with a predominance of female (61.

Stroke and transient ischemic attacks related to antiplatelet or warfarin interruption.

Objective: Patients on anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy are often required to discontinue these medications before and during surgical or invasive procedures. In some cases, the patient stops the treatment without medical supervision. These situations may increase stroke risk.

Gait in normal pressure hydrocephalus: characteristics and effects of the CSF tap test.

Introduction: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), described by Hakim and Adams in 1965, is characterized by gait apraxia, urinary incontinence, and dementia. It is associated with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and ventricular dilation that cannot be attributed to cerebral atrophy.

Objectives: To evaluate gait characteristics in patients with idiopathic NPH and investigate the effect of the CSF tap test (CSF-TT) on gait.

First case of V180I rare mutation in a Brazilian patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Here, we report the first case of V180I rare mutation in a Brazilian woman whose clinical condition started with memory impairment for recent events and insomnia with 2 months of evolution, without any other alterations in neurological examination. Both the electroencephalogram (EEG) and the routine biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were normal. CSF 14-3-3 protein search was positive.