Reconstruction of the lower lip: Bernard technique and its variants.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the lower lip occasionally involves resection of a large part of this anatomic area. Several techniques are available for its repair, including Bernard's technique. Since its first description in 1853, this technique has incorporated several small modifications, which we discuss.

Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with refractory pemphigus vulgaris.

Objectives: Recent reports have documented swift responses in refractory pemphigus vulgaris to rituximab, a monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody. Nevertheless, no standard protocol has yet been established for the administration of rituximab in patients with pemphigus vulgaris. We report the results of prolonged treatment with rituximab therapy in two patients with refractory pemphigus vulgaris.