Human adenovirus replication and persistence in hypertrophic adenoids and palatine tonsils in children.

The role of human adenovirus (HAdV) infection in different acute diseases, such as febrile exudative tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, and pharyngoconjunctival fever is well established. However, the relationships, if any, of HAdV persistence and reactivation in the development of the chronic adenotonsillar disease is not fully understood. The present paper reports a 3-year cross-sectional hospital-based study aimed at detecting and quantifying HAdV DNA and mRNA of the HAdV hexon gene in adenoid and palatine tonsil tissues and nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) from patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy or recurrent adenotonsillitis.

The Relationship between Colonization by and Tonsillar Hypertrophy.

We sought to investigate the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria in secretions and tonsillar tissues of children with chronic adenotonsillitis hypertrophy compared to controls. Prospective case-control study comparing patients between 2 and 12 years old who underwent adenotonsillectomy due to chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy to children without disease. We compared detection of , , , and by real-time PCR in palatine tonsils, adenoids, and nasopharyngeal washes obtained from 37 children with and 14 without adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

The seasonality of respiratory viruses in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common illness, yet little is known about its pathogenesis, including the role played by respiratory viruses.

Methods: A transversal prospective study was conducted to analyze the seasonality of CRS using real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect respiratory virus genomes in secretions and tissue samples from patients with CRS with and without nasal polyps.

Results: The frequency of viral detection was 41% (31/75).

Ciliary ultrastructure in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and primary ciliary dyskinesia.

The Cilia represent one of the main mechanisms contributing to the clearance of microorganisms and particles from the respiratory epithelium. Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically determined disorder characterized by irreversible systemic dysmotility of the cilia. Secondary ciliary dyskinesia (SCD) differs from primary defects on the reversible ultrastructural alterations that can occur after any insult to a previously normal mucosa.

Maxillary sinuses microbiology from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Unlabelled: There isn't definitive and consistent data concerning the distribution of bacterial species in patients with Chronic Sinusitis (CS). The variability of the results from studies in CS may be due to the different techniques used as collection method, variations in culture methods, previous antibiotic use, and difficulty in distinguishing bacterial flora from pathogenic agents.

Study Design: Clinical prospective.

Comparing different methods used to collect material for a microbiological evaluation of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Unlabelled: There is still controversy on which is the best method to collect the secretion directly from the middle meatus or maxillary sinus in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of bacteria in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and compare the suction trap collector to direct aspiration attached to a syringe for the microbiological analysis of these secretions.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study involving 31 patients who underwent endoscopically guided maxillary secretion aspiration by two different methods (aspiration with the collector tube "suction trap" and aspiration with the use of a catheter connected to a syringe), to determine the microbiological diagnosis and to compare the two methods used.

Surgical treatment of nasal packing refractory epistaxis.

Unlabelled: Epistaxis is the main otorhinolaryngology emergency and, in severe cases, it can lead to hemodynamic instability and be life threatening.

Aim: To evaluate factors involved in epistaxis resistant to nasal packing that needed surgical treatment, as well as post-surgical results.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study from January 2002 to August 2007.

Angiogenic non-Hodgkin T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma: report of three cases.

Angiogenic T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by necrosis and vascular destruction that is strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus and AIDS. Early diagnosis is essential to improve the chances of patient survival, but severe local inflammatory infiltrate impairs histologic diagnosis by obscuring neoplastic cells. The most common markers are CD2, CD56, cytoplasmic CD3, and CD43 EBV.

Histological evaluation of maxillary sinus mucosa after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: This study was performed to evaluate the histological changes of the maxillary sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods: In a cohort study, biopsy specimens were collected from the maxillary sinus of patients submitted for FESS. One year after surgery, patients were clinically reassessed.

Orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis: a new classification.

Unlabelled: Rhinosinusitis is a severe sickness and may have serious complications. Orbital complications happen more often, due to anatomical particularities and are lethal in 5% of patients. They vary from inflammatory signs to proptosis, loss of ocular motility and blindness.

Use of a hypodense sodium fluorescein solution for the endoscopic repair of rhinogenic cerebrospinal fluid fistulae.

Background: Hypodense fluorescein solution can be used intrathecally to facilitate and accelerate the identification of the fistulous site.

Methods: Eighteen patients were submitted for nasal endoscopic correction of rhinogenic cerebrospinal fluid fistulas after their identification with a hypodense sodium fluorescein solution.

Results: Intrathecal injection of hypodense fluorescein permitted a rapid and safe identification of the leak and did not present significant side effects.

Study of nasal cycles in children by acoustic rhinometry.

Background: Studies concerning nasal cycle physiology in children are still rare, and controversies exist about its existence. This study was ascertained to evaluate the dynamic behavior of inferior turbinates in children by acoustic rhinometry.

Methods: Sixteen volunteer patients, aged 2-11 years old (mean, 6.

Orbital endoscopic decompression in Graves ophthalmopathy.

Graves disease may lead to exophthalmos that is cosmetically unacceptable or causes visual loss. This has been managed surgically by external orbital decompression. However, a new minimally invasive endoscopic orbital decompression technique is now possible, with resection of the medial and posterior portion of the orbital limits requiring no cutaneous or gingival incisions.

[Endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy: results and advantages over the external approach].

acryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a procedure used to create a lachrymal drainage pathway into the nasal cavity in order to reestablish the permanent drainage of a previously obstructed excretory system. : to report our results obtained with endoscopic DCR technique, describing its advantages and disadvantages : Historic cohort. : we retrospectively analyzed thirty-two dacryocystorhinostomies performed at the Otorhinolaryngology Discipline from March 2002 to January 2004 on patients with post-lachrymal sac obstruction confirmed by dacryocystorhinography (DCG).

Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis in immunocompromised patients.

Introduction: Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFR) is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, principally those with cellular immunodeficiency, with mortality ranging from 50 to 80%. Prophylaxis and early diagnosis increase the chances of successful treatment.

Study Design: Clinical prospective randomized study.