Metallic-based phthalocyanine nanoemulsions for photodynamic purging of ovarian tissue in leukemia patients.

For cancer patients with a high risk of ovarian tissue metastasis, ovarian autotransplantation is not advised due to the potential spread of malignant cells. Ex vivo purging of ovarian fragments may offer a more suitable alternative for fertility restoration. Eradicating malignant cells should be done selectively without affecting follicles or ovarian stromal cells (SCs).

Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Chlorambucil-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.

This study describes the synthesis and characterization of chlorambucil (CLB)-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for potential application in cancer therapy. The nanoparticles were designed with a diameter between 20 and 50 nm to optimize cellular uptake and avoid rapid clearance from the bloodstream. The synthesis method involved modifying a previously reported technique to reduce particle size.

Secure transplantation by tissue purging using photodynamic therapy to eradicate malignant cells.

The field of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating various malignant neoplasms has been given researchers' attention due to its ability to be a selective and minimally invasive cancer therapy strategy. The possibility of tumor cell infection and hence high recurrence rates in cancer patients tends to restrict autologous transplantation. So, the photodynamic tissue purging process, which consists of selective photoinactivation of the malignant cells in the graft, is defined as a compromising strategy to purify contaminated tissues before transplantation.

Evidence for Monocyte Reprogramming in a Long-Term Postsepsis Study.

Unlabelled: This study sought to identify monocyte alterations from septic patients after hospital discharge by evaluating gene expression of inflammatory mediators and monocyte polarization markers. It was hypothesized that sepsis reprograms the inflammatory state of monocytes, causing effects that persist after hospital discharge and influencing patient outcomes.

Design: The gene expression patterns of inflammatory receptors, M1 and M2 macrophage polarization markers, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in monocytes were assessed.

Combination of selol nanocapsules and magnetic hyperthermia hinders breast tumor growth in aged mice after a short-time treatment.

Short time treatment with reduced dosages of selol-loaded PLGA nanocapsules (NcSel) combined with magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is evaluated in aged Erhlich tumor-bearing mice. Clinical, hematological, biochemical, genotoxic and histopathological parameters are assessed during 7 d treatment with NcSel and MHT, separately or combined. The time evolution of the tumor volume is successfully modeled using the logistic mathematical model.

Acute reproductive toxicology after intratesticular injection of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in Wistar rats.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an intratesticular injection of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on reproductive parameters and health of rats, and to evaluate the AgNPs biodistribution in order to develop a nanotechnological contraceptive agent for male animals. Treated animals received 220 μL of AgNPs solution (0.46 µg-Ag/ml) in each testicle and were euthanized: seven, 14, 28, and 56 days after injection.

A Novel Analysis via Micro-CT Imaging Indicates That Chemically Modified Tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) Inhibits Tooth Relapse after Orthodontic Movement: A Pilot Experimental Study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chemically modified tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) and simvastatin on tooth relapse after orthodontic movement in rats using a novel analysis method employing high-resolution micro-CT (Micro-CT) images. In addition, the correlation between bone density and orthodontic relapse was also evaluated for each experimental group.

Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats had stainless steel springs installed on their left upper first molars in order to generate tooth movement for 18 days.

Resorcinolic lipid 3-heptyl-3,4,6-trimethoxy-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one is a strategy for melanoma treatment.

Aims: Previous studies performed by our research group indicated that cytosporone analogues are capable of prevent or repair DNA damages. This work presents the evaluation of the activity of AMS35AA for metastatic murine melanoma cells (B16F10) in experimental model in vitro and, in pre-clinic assay of metastatic melanoma in vivo, using mice lineage C57BL/6.

Main Methods: In vitro assays were performed: MTT and comet assay, flow cytometry evaluation, gene expression assay by RT-PCR, qualitative evaluation of cell death using B16F10 cells.

New Bis copper complex ((Z) -4 - ((4-chlorophenyl) amino) -4-oxobut-2-enoyl) oxy): Cytotoxicity in 4T1 cells and their toxicogenic potential in Swiss mice.

Copper (II) complexes are promising in the development of new synthetic models for cancer treatment. In this context, we synthesized a new copper complex containing the pharmacophore group 1,4-dioxo-2-butenyl, the Bis(((Z)-4-((4-chlorophenyl) amino)-4-oxobut-2-enoyl)oxy) copper compound and we evaluated its antitumor activity in 4 T1 murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells and their toxicogenic effect in Swiss mice. The compound demonstrated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to 4 T1 cells, and after cell cycle arrest in G1, which occurred by the increase in ATM and p21 expression, it induced the cells to apoptosis by increasing BAX and caspase-7.

Nanographene oxide-methylene blue as phototherapies platform for breast tumor ablation and metastasis prevention in a syngeneic orthotopic murine model.

Background: In the photodynamic therapy (PDT), the photosensitizer absorbs light and transfers the energy of the excited state to the oxygen in the cell environment producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), that in its turn, may cause cell damage. In the photothermal therapy (PTT), light also is responsible for activating the photothermal agent, which converts the absorbed energy in heat. Graphene oxide is a carbon-based material that presents photothermal activity.

Nanocapsules for the co-delivery of selol and doxorubicin to breast adenocarcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro.

Nanocapsules (NCS-DOX) with an oily core of selol and a shell of poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) covalently conjugated to doxorubicin were developed. These nanocapsules are spherical, with an average hydrodynamic diameter of about 170 nm, and with negative zeta potential. NCS-DOX effectively co-delivered the selol and the doxorubicin into 4T1 cells and changed the intracellular distribution of DOX from the nuclei to the mitochondria.

In vitro exposure of bull sperm cells to DMSA-coated maghemite nanoparticles does not affect cell functionality or structure.

Magnetic nanoparticles can be used in different areas of biology. It is therefore important to know the effects of such nanomaterials on germline cells as they may traverse the blood-testis barrier. This work aimed to evaluate the response of bull sperm after exposure to a magnetic fluid containing DMSA-coated maghemite nanoparticles (MNP-DMSA) in order to determine nanotoxicity.

Photodynamic therapy using chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine decreases inflammatory response in an experimental rat periodontal disease model.

Background And Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that photodynamic therapy (PDT) can exhibit immunomodulatory activity. The purpose of the present study was to analyse cytokine profiles after application of PDT in gingival tissues of rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease (PD).

Study Design/material And Methods: Periodontal disease was induced through the introduction of a cotton thread around the first left mandibular molar, while the right side molars did not receive ligatures.

Nanostructured Systems for the Organelle-specific Delivery of Anticancer Drugs.

Nanotechnology has provided powerful tools to improve the chemotherapy of cancer. Different nanostructures have been developed which deliver the anticancer drugs more selectively to tumor than to healthy tissues. The result has generally been the increase in efficacy and safety of classical anticancer drugs.

Genotoxic and histopathological biomarkers for assessing the effects of magnetic exfoliated vermiculite and exfoliated vermiculite in Danio rerio.

Magnetic exfoliated vermiculite is a synthetic nanocomposite that quickly and efficiently absorbs organic compounds such as oil from water bodies. It was developed primarily to mitigate pollution, but the possible adverse impacts of its application have not yet been evaluated. In this context, the acute toxicity of magnetic exfoliated vermiculite and exfoliated vermiculite was herein assessed by genotoxic and histopathological biomarkers in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Morphological Analysis of Reticuloendothelial System in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.) after Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Administration.

Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for numerous in vitro and in vivo applications. However, since uptake by the reticuloendothelial system represents an obstacle for the achievement of nanoparticle diagnostic and therapeutic goals, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the uptake of dimercaptosuccinic acid coated magnetic nanoparticles by reticuloendothelial system phagocytic cells present in lymph nodes, spleen, and liver tissue and how the presence of these particles could have an impact on the morphology of these organs in capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.).

Effects of photodynamic therapy mediated by nanoemulsion containing chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine: a histologic and immunohistochemical study in human gingiva.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizing agents, which are delivered in target cells, followed by local application of visible light in specific wavelengths. This reaction produce reactive oxygen species able to induce cell death by apoptosis or necrosis, injured to the local vasculature, and exert important effects on the immune system.

Objective: The present work evaluated the clinical findings, histomorphological alterations and immunodetection of VEGF after PDT using chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) entrapped in a lipid nanoemulsion in a split-mouth clinical trial.

Perspectives on the application of nanotechnology in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of melanoma.

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and has been traditionally considered difficult to treat. The worldwide incidence of melanoma has been increasing faster than any other type of cancer. Early detection, surgery, and adjuvant therapy enable improved outcomes; nonetheless, the prognosis of metastatic melanoma remains poor.

Dextran-functionalized magnetic fluid mediating magnetohyperthermia combined with preventive antioxidant pequi-oil supplementation: potential use against cancer.

This work aimed to test a dextran-functionalized magnetic fluid (DexMF) sample in mediating magnetohyperthermia to treat an advanced clinical Ehrlich-solid-tumor, to verify the effects of oral antioxidant administration of pequi-oil on this treatment and to investigate the potential of these treatments for future use as an adjuvant in cancer therapy. Animals received the treatments: (a) filtered water (control); (b) tumor implantation and no treatment (tumor group); (c) tumor implantation followed by intratumoral injection of DexMF and alternating current magnetic field exposure (MHT group) for three consecutive days; (d) oral pequi-oil supplementation followed by tumor implantation and the same treatment as group MHT (PMHT group). Analyses took place 1 and 2 weeks after tumor implantation.

Cone-beam computed tomography and microtomography for alveolar bone measurements.

Purpose: To compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and microtomography (micro-CT) for alveolar bone measurements.

Methods: Forty teeth and alveolar bone blocks of five pigs were scanned on a micro-CT with a 9.05 μm pixel size, and on a CBCT device at 0.

New approach to improve encapsulation and antitumor activity of doxorubicin loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles.

This work aimed to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded with doxorubicin evaluating the influence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid that enhances the activity of anticancer drugs, on drug encapsulation efficiency (EE). The SLN were characterized for size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug release. Studies of in vitro antitumor activity and cellular uptake were also conducted.