A Single Dose of Extract Induces Gene Expression of Hypothalamic Anorexigenic Effectors in Male Rats.

Previous studies have shown that extract (GbE) reduces food intake and body mass gain and regulates proteins related to lipid metabolism in obese rats. In ovariectomized rats, GbE restored the hippocampal and hypothalamic serotonergic system activity, favoring the spontaneous feeding decrement. Considering the promising hypophagic effect of GbE, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a single acute dose on hypothalamic pathways that regulate feeding behavior in male rats.

Educational interventions for physical activity among Brazilian adults: systematic review.

Objective: To summarize the main evidence from educational interventions designed to increase levels of physical activity (PA) among Brazilian adults.

Methods: Systematic review of intervention studies carried out in Brazil that implemented educational components aimed at promoting increased levels of PA among adult populations (18 to 65 years old). In October 2020, systematic searches were conducted in six databases, and in the reference lists of the assessed studies.

Sanfilippo syndrome type B: Analysis of patients diagnosed by the MPS Brazil Network.

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by deficiency of the enzyme N-acetyl-alpha-d-glucosaminidase (NAGLU), caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in the NAGLU gene, which leads to storage of heparan sulfate and a series of clinical consequences which hallmark is neurodegeneration. In this study clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical data were obtained from MPS IIIB patients diagnosed from 2004-2019 by the MPS Brazil Network ("Rede MPS Brasil"), which was created with the goal to provide an easily accessible and comprehensive investigation of all MPS types. One hundred and ten MPS IIIB patients were diagnosed during this period.

Individual and interactive effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and rainfall on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic composition and diversity of extrafloral nectary-bearing plants in Brazilian Caatinga.

Chronic anthropogenic disturbance (CAD) and climate change represent two of the major threats to biodiversity globally, but their combined effects are not well understood. Here we investigate the individual and interactive effects of increasing CAD and decreasing rainfall on the composition and taxonomic (TD), functional (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of plants possessing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) in semi-arid Brazilian Caatinga. EFNs attract ants that protect plants against insect herbivore attack and are extremely prevalent in the Caatinga flora.

Alpha-terpineol prevents myocardial damage against isoproterenol-MI induced in Wistar-Kyoto rats: new possible to promote cardiovascular integrity.

Alpha-terpineol (TPN) is one of the major components of the resin obtained from Protium heptaphyllum. This plant has been utilized as medicine by Brazilian indigenous tribes to treat cardiovascular diseases. Scientific reports have shown that the TPN possesses vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects.

Silver-Russell syndrome: clinical, neurodevelopmental and communication characteristics: clinical case studies.

Silver Russell Syndrome (SRS) is a genetically heterogeneous condition with a clinical phenotype that includes intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, craniofacial alterations, body asymmetries, low body mass index, and feeding difficulties. Alterations in motor development, global coordination, and speech are expected. The current study aims to present the syndrome, neurodevelopment, and communication characteristics of three male children diagnosed with the syndrome, aged 16, 18, and 44 months, respectively.

Cytotoxicity of Section Isolated from Health Care Environments.

This study analyzed 57 section (AF) isolates collected by active and passive sampling (N = 450) in several health care facilities and from biological sampling of health care workers (N = 25) and controls (N = 22) in Portugal. All isolates were cultured in different media and screened for azole resistance. Cytotoxicity was assessed for 40 isolates in lung epithelial cells and kidney cells using the MTT assay.

Effects of progesterone concentrations and follicular wave during growth of the ovulatory follicle on conceptus and endometrial transcriptome in dairy cows.

Objectives were to evaluate the effects of follicular wave and progesterone concentration on growth of the ovulatory follicle, conceptus elongation, uterine IFN-τ concentration, and transcriptome of conceptus and endometrium of pregnant cows on d 17 of gestation. Nonlactating nonpregnant Holstein cows were assigned randomly to one of 3 treatments: ovulation of a first-wave follicle (FW, n = 15); ovulation of a first-wave follicle and progesterone supplementation (FWP4, n = 12); and ovulation of a second-wave follicle (SW, n = 19). Ovulation of a first- or second-wave follicle was achieved by initiating the Ovsynch protocol (d -9 GnRH, d -2 and -1 PGF, d 0 GnRH and artificial insemination, d 0.

Drug-Eluting or Bare-Metal Stents for Left Anterior Descending or Left Main Coronary Artery Revascularization.

Background New-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) reduce target-vessel revascularization compared with bare-metal stents (BMS), and recent data suggest that DES have the potential to decrease the risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality. We evaluated the treatment effect of DES versus BMS according to the target artery (left anterior descending [LAD] and/or left main [LM] versus other territories [no-LAD/LM]). Methods and Results The Coronary Stent Trialist (CST) Collaboration gathered individual patient data of randomized trials of DES versus BMS for the treatment of coronary artery disease.

Frailty in the elderly: screening possibilities in Primary Health Care.

Objectives: to evaluate two instruments for screening frailty in the elderly in Primary Health Care.

Methods: this is an observational, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, with 396 elderly people. SPSS software helped to perform the statistical analyses.

Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Oleate on Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Proteins and Cell Viability in HepG2 Cells: Comparison with Palmitate Effects.

Mitochondrial impairments in dynamic behavior (fusion/fission balance) associated with mitochondrial dysfunction play a key role in cell lipotoxicity and lipid-induced metabolic diseases. The present work aimed to evaluate dose- and time-dependent effects of the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate on mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins in comparison with the saturated fatty acid palmitate in hepatic cells. To this end, HepG-2 cells were treated with 0, 10 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 250 μM or 500 μM of either oleate or palmitate for 8 or 24 h.

Experience of neighbourhood violence and mental distress in Brazilian favelas: a cross-sectional household survey.

Background: Living in informal settlements with extensive neighbourhood violence has been shown to be linked with poorer mental health. However, there is little evidence as to whether different levels of personal experiences and fears of neighbourhood violence within such settlements affect mental health. This study assessed such personal experiences and fears of residents in favelas in Brazil.

Face-to-Face Clinical Practice Under COVID-19 Pandemic: How Psychotherapists Describe Their Experiences.

Driven by the theory-building around the role of the non-verbal components to communication, we aimed to understand how therapists experience the therapeutic process using a facial mask. The empirical evidence of the power of non-verbal communication to engage therapists and clients in therapeutic work, develop a positive and collaborative relationship between them, and display empathy is quite large. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, drawing from the therapists' participation in an online survey.

A Coronary Artery Anomaly Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Coronary artery anomalies (CAAs) are rare congenital malformations with different clinical presentations and pathophysiological mechanisms. These anomalies are frequently the cause of sudden death in young patients. Most CAAs are incidental findings owing to the lack of symptoms; however, they may be associated with acute coronary syndrome in rare cases.

Genome interaction of the virus and the host genes and non-coding RNAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

In this review, we highlight the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 virus and host genomes, reporting the current studies on the sequence analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates and host genomes from diverse world populations. The main genetic variants that are present in both the virus and host genomes were particularly focused on the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes, and their impact on the patients' susceptibility to the virus infection and severity of the disease. Finally, the interaction of the virus and host non-coding RNAs is described in relation to their regulatory roles in target genes and/or signaling pathways critically associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Going virtual and going wide: comparing Team-Based Learning in-class online and across disciplines.

Team-based learning (TBL) is an active learning pedagogy developed for in-class sessions and based on the collaborative work of small groups of students. The increasing push to online and blended learning has enhanced the need to expand this pedagogy to a virtual environment, but little evidence has been produced on how students accept online synchronous sessions of TBL. The purpose of this study, that relies on 427 responses, is to present a comparative perspective of traditional in-class adapted fully synchronous online TBL and across different disciplinary fields.

Molluscicidal activity of monoterpenes and their effects on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity on Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni.

The molluscicidal action of essential oils have been attributed to the most prevalent terpene compounds. However, molluscicidal properties, mode of action, and toxicity to non-target organisms remain unclear. In this study, the molluscicidal potential of four monoterpenes (camphor, thymol, α-pinene, and 1,8-cineole) against the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni, was analyzed.

[Identification and analysis of national physical activity guidelines in the Americas].

Given the potential of institutional approaches to health promotion, this study sought to identify the countries on the American continent which have national physical activity (PA) guidelines approved by their national health agencies. A scoping review was conducted in May 2019, with a search conducted in five electronic databases, national health agency websites and contacts with members of the Physical Activity Network of the Americas. In all, national PA guidelines were found in ten of the 36 countries surveyed (27.

Experiences of parent-adolescent dyads regarding a Facebook-based intervention to improve overweight/obesity treatment in adolescents: A qualitative study.

APOLO-Teens is a Facebook-based psychological intervention aiming to optimize hospital treatment for adolescents with overweight/obesity. The present qualitative study aims to explore (1) how adolescents experienced participation in APOLO-Teens and (2) how parents perceived adolescents' participation. Sixteen adolescent-parent dyads were interviewed by telephone using semistructured guides.

Plastome evolution in the Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae) and its application in phylogenomics and populations genetics.

The chloroplast genomes of Caesalpinia group species are structurally conserved, but sequence level variation is useful for both phylogenomic and population genetic analyses. Variation in chloroplast genomes (plastomes) has been an important source of information in plant biology. The Caesalpinia group has been used as a model in studies correlating ecological and genomic variables, yet its intergeneric and infrageneric relationships are not fully solved, despite densely sampled phylogenies including nuclear and plastid loci by Sanger sequencing.

Phytochemical screening of Cordia glabrata (MART.) A.DC. extracts and its potential antioxidant, photoprotective, antimicrobial and antiviral activities.

Species of the genus Cordia have shown biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antiviral, and antifungal activities. The species Cordia glabrata (MART) A.DC.

Seattle Angina Pectoris Questionnaire and Canadian Cardiovascular Society Angina Categories in the Assessment of Total Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden.

The patient reported angina measurement with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) has shown to have prognostic implications and became an endpoint in clinical trials. Our objective was to study physician-reported and SAQ severity with the total coronary atherosclerotic burden as assessed by 4 angiographic scores. We prospectively analyzed data of consecutive patients scheduled for coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention.