Development of Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch-Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanins-Gambier Catechins to Detect Banana Ripeness.

Banana ripeness is generally determined based on physical attributes, such as skin color; however, it is considered subjective because it depends on individual factors and lighting conditions. In addition, improper handling can cause mechanical damage to the fruit. Intelligent packaging in the form of indicator film incorporated with anthocyanins from red dragon fruit peel has been applied for shrimp freshness detection; however, this film has low color stability during storage, necessitating the addition of gambier catechins as a co-pigment to increase anthocyanin stability.

Development of alginate-based film incorporated with anthocyanins of red cabbage and zinc oxide nanoparticles as freshness indicator for prawns.

The objective of this study was to develop pH-sensitive film indicators for intelligent food packaging by incorporating red cabbage anthocyanins (RCA) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) into an alginate (Alg) film, aiming to mitigate the risk of foodborne illnesses. The films were fabricated using a solvent-casting method and crosslinked with a calcium chloride (CaCl) solution. Thorough evaluations of the films' physical, mechanical, and structural properties demonstrated significant improvements in elastic modulus and UV/vis light barrier characteristics, reduced water vapor permeability (WVP), and moisture content attributed to integrating RCA and ZnO NPs.

Development of an Indicator Film Based on Cassava Starch-Chitosan Incorporated with Red Dragon Fruit Peel Anthocyanin Extract.

The increase in new technology and consumer demand for healthy and safe food has led to the development of smart packaging to help consumers understand food conditions in real time. The incorporation of red dragon fruit peel anthocyanin into cassava starch and chitosan films was used in this study as a color indicator to monitor food conditions. This indicator film was generated using the solvent-casting method.