Anatomy and anatomical variations of adrenal veins and its application to adrenal venous sampling.

Purpose: Our aim was to study the anatomy of the left and right main adrenal veins (LAV and RAV) and to identify their anatomical variations in order to see the practical application of these findings to adrenal venous sampling (AVS).

Methods: Our work is based on dissection of 80 adrenal glands from fresh corpses in the forensic medicine department. We studied the number, the drainage, the direction and the level of termination of the main adrenal veins.

Risk factors for sepsis and mortality in patients with emphysematous pyelonephritis : a series of 68 cases (case series).

Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and severe necrotizing infection of the kidney with a high rate of complications and mortality. Our aim was to investigate risk factors of urosepsis and mortality in case of EPN.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2022 the charts of patients diagnosed with EPN were retrospectively reviewed.

A cadaveric anatomical study of the adrenals: vascular relationship.

The adrenal gland is a retroperitoneal organ with intimate relationships with neighboring organs but also with the large retroperitoneal vessels. Our aim was to study the vascular relationships of the adrenal gland with the large abdominal vessels. Our work is an anatomical dissection of 80 fresh cadaveric adrenals.

Validation of the Aldosteronoma Resolution Score as a Predictive Resolution Score of Hypertension After Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism in a North-African Population.

Background: Unilateral primary aldosteronism (UPA) is the most frequent surgically curable form of endocrine hypertension. Adrenalectomy is the cornerstone of treatment for UPA, but outcomes after surgery are variable. Aldosteronoma Resolution Score (ARS) is a four-item predictive score for the cure of hypertension after adrenalectomy for UPA and has been demonstrated to be valid in different populations.

Leiomyosarcoma of the bladder: A review and a report of four further cases.

Introduction And Importance: Our study aims to expose the experience of our department in dealing with bladder leiomyosarcomas and illustrate the management tools of this rare pathology.

Case Presentation: We present a retrospective study of 4 cases of bladder leiomyosarcoma, gathered in the Department of Urology during the period of 1996-2022. All our patients were exclusively male and aged between 35 and 73 years.

Predictors of successful outcome after adrenalectomy for unilateral primary aldosteronism.

Introduction: Unilateral primary aldosteronism (UPA) is the most frequent surgically curable form of endocrine hypertension. Adrenalectomy is the cornerstone of treatment for UPA, but outcomes after surgery are variable. The cause of resistant hypertension after surgery is still a matter of debate.

Can radiological scores predict difficulties in removal of encrusted ureteral stents?

In the present study, we aimed to report our single-center experience in encrusted ureteral stent management and to compare the utility of two different scoring systems in patient management. This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent various surgical procedures to remove encrusted ureteral stent. Encrusted stent grading was performed using KUB and FECal grading sytems.

Giant retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma: a case report.

Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcomas are rare tumors, mostly malignant. They are silent slow growing, and at the time of diagnosis, they are often of a considerable size. Management necessitates en bloc resection of the mass with adjacent organs, which is often challenging due to large size of the tumor.

Urological activity at the time of COVID-19 pandemic: is there any difference between public and private field?

Introduction: as COVID-19 pandemic is rapidly evolving, there is a whole reorganization in hospitals to concentrate more resources to face the crisis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on urological activity in Tunisia. To assess the differences in the management of urological conditions between the private and the public field.

State of the art: Open prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia: Should we avoid it in all cases?

Surgical procedures for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) had considerably evolved during last decades. New techniques can nowadays treat prostate big in size, which are classically treated by open prostatectomy (OP). Therefore, the place of this procedure that has been used for over 150 years is nowadays questioned.

Prostatic cystadenoma presenting as a large multilocular pelvic male mass.

Multilocular cystadenoma are benign lesions located most commonly between the rectum and the bladder. Their presence manifests as obstructive or/and irritative lower urinary tract symptoms or transit disorders. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging may help to establish the diagnosis.

Primary Hydatid Cyst of the adrenal gland: A case report and a review of the literature.

Introduction: In North Africa which is an endemic region for Hydatid Cyst, Tunisia is considered as an endemic country. The liver and lungs are common locations for Hydatid Cysts, whereas the Adrenal Glands are unusual and rare locations.

Presentation Of Case: Here is a report of primary Hydatid Cyst in a 55-year old patient, with left hypochondrium pain as chief complain.

Is imagery distinctive in papillary renal cell carcinoma subtypes?

Introduction: The subdivision into two entities of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) was established on histological criteria. It's in fact possible to distinguish the two subtypes by the means of radiological and progressive data. The subtype 1 is associated with the favorable profile.

Superselective embolisation of bilateral superior vesical arteries for management of intractable hematuria in context of metastatic bladder cancer.

Hematuria due to locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer is a common condition and is often a management problem. Percutaneous embolisation is a mini-invasive option to handle this situation. We report a case of a patient with a metastatic bladder cancer and who presented with an abundant hematuria and severe anemia.

[Rare complication of renal transplantation: Emphysematous pyelonephritis].

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma and peri-renal tissues, characterized by the presence of air within the parenchyma of the urinary tract and peri-renal space. This is a severe complication, which involves the functional prognosis of the kidney and the patient's prognosis. The emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare complication of renal transplantation.

[Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma: about 5 cases and review of the literature].

Cystic lymphangioma is a rare, benign malformation of the lymphatic vessels which may be observed on various locations. Retroperitoneal location is less common than mesenteric location. Cystic lymphangioma has a polymorphic clinical presentation.

Thirty Years of Experience at the First Tunisian Kidney Transplant Center.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report the results of 30 years of experience at the first kidney transplant center in Tunisia.

Materials And Methods: All kidney transplants performed at the center between June 1986 and June 2016 were included. The study period was divided into 3 decades.

[Results of conservative management of emphysematous pyelonephritis].

Introduction: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is a rare and severe, necrotizing infection of the kidney. Diagnosis should be precocious based on computed tomography (CT). Its management remains controversial and its treatment is currently increasingly conservative.

Bilateral Orbital Metastasis of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma.

Despite the high incidence of prostate carcinoma, metastases of the uvea are very rare and bilateral localization is even more. We report here the case of a 77-year-old man diagnosed with a metastatic prostate carcinoma. Two months later, he presented a decreased vision in his right eye and blurred vision in the left eye relevant to metastatic lesion on his right iris and left choroidal metastasis.

Vasitis: An Uncommon Diagnosis Mimicking Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia.

Vasitis or inflammation of the vas deferens is a rarely described condition. Clinically, it presents with nonspecific symptoms that can be confused with other more common conditions, especially an incarcerated inguinal hernia. The diagnosis may be suggested by ultrasound or, more precisely, by computed tomography.

Discovery of Renal Tuberculosis in a Partial Nephrectomy Specimen Done for Renal Tumor.

The association of renal cancer and renal tuberculosis is uncommon. While the incidental discovery of renal cell carcinoma in a tuberculous kidney is a classical finding, the discovery of tuberculous lesions after nephrectomy for cancer is exceptional. We report the case of a female patient aged 60 who had a partial nephrectomy for a 5 cm exophytic kidney tumor.

Pseudotumoral Eosinophilic Cystitis.

Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare inflammatory disease of the bladder which origin and pathogenesis are unknown. Since the first description in 1960, hundreds of cases have been reported, 20 Pseudotumor forms. We report a case of cystitis eosinophils in tumor-form, a patient of 72 years without urological or allergic history.

The effect of body mass index at the time of donation on postoperative and remote consequences of nephrectomy in 189 living-related kidney donors.

Objective: To analyse the effects of baseline body mass index (BMI) on the postoperative and remote consequences of nephrectomy in living kidney donors, as body weight is conventionally used as an exclusion criterion for kidney donation and a BMI of <35 kg/m(2) is often required.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively studied 189 living-related kidney donors who had their nephrectomy between 1986 and 2009 in our urology department. We recorded the BMI at the time of donation, and analysed variables after surgery, and clinico-biological factors remotely.