Comparative Evaluation of Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Neem Leaf Extract, Propolis, and Orange Oil when used as Endodontic Irrigants: An Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Introduction: In root canal treatment, chemical debridement of the root canal with the help of irrigants is important due to the complex internal anatomy of the teeth. Biomechanical root canal preparation produces a smear layer. It covers the dentinal tubules, which may interfere with the penetration of various irrigants and intracanal medicaments, so the smear layer has to be removed.