Modification of Intestinal Flora Can Improve Host Metabolism and Alleviate the Damage Caused by Chronic Hypoxia.

Prolonged exposure to hypoxic conditions can lead to reduced appetite, stunted growth, systemic inflammation, and pulmonary hypertension. Previous studies have indicated a correlation between gut dysbiosis and the development of hypoxia-related hazards. We designed an experiment to investigate the effect of microbiota on mitigating hypoxic damage.

Effects of different hypoxia exposure on myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice.

For many people living at high altitudes for long or short periods of time, hypoxia is a challenge affecting many aspects of the body, including the immune system. Recently, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have emerged as an immune cell population that plays an important role in several pathological conditions. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no data regarding the behavior of MDSCs under hypoxic conditions.

Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α could improve tumor progression.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a subset of immature myeloid cells that inhibit anti-tumor immunity and contribute to poor cancer outcomes. In this study, the authors used multi-color flow cytometry to detect changes in MDSCs in patients with cancer and tumor-bearing mice. Then the authors studied changes in MDSCs ratio and mouse tumors after administration of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor.

DATA in BRIEF of: Adaptative mechanisms indicated by placental protein expression changes in high-altitude Tibetan women during vaginal delivery.

Over a period of 30,000 to 40,000 years, high-altitude Tibetans have physiologically and genetically adapted to conditions such as hypoxia, low temperature, and high-intensity ultraviolet radiation. Based on the unique physiological and morphological characteristics of the Tibetan people, they have outstanding hypoxia adaptation skills and can continue to thrive in plateau hypoxia. The placenta of high-altitude Tibetans is protected from oxidative stress during delivery; however, little is known about changes in placental protein expression during vaginal delivery.

Role of ubiquitination in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis (Review).

The ubiquitin (Ub)‑proteasome system (UPS) plays a pivotal role in maintaining protein homeostasis and function to modulate various cellular processes including skeletal cell differentiation and bone homeostasis. The Ub ligase E3 promotes the transfer of Ub to the target protein, especially transcription factors, to regulate the proliferation, differentiation and survival of bone cells, as well as bone formation. In turn, the deubiquitinating enzyme removes Ub from modified substrate proteins to orchestrate bone remodeling.

Newsights of endoplasmic reticulum in hypoxia.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is important to cells because of its essential functions, including synthesizing three major nutrients and ion transport. When cellular homeostasis is disrupted, ER quality control (ERQC) system is activated effectively to remove misfolded and unfolded proteins through ER-phagy, ER-related degradation (ERAD), and molecular chaperones. When unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress are activated, the cell may be suffering a huge blow, and the most probable consequence is apoptosis.

The contribution and mechanism of hypoxia/USP19/Beclin-1 feed-forward loop in cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer ranks fourth in female mortality. Since the mechanisms for pathogenesis of cervical cancer are still poorly understood, the effective treatment options are lacking. Beclin-1 exhibits an inhibitory role in cervical cancer via suppressing the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cervical cancer cells.

Tibetan mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension rats.

Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is characterized by progressive pulmonary vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, and right ventricular hypertrophy, causing right heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of exosomes from Tibetan umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on HPH via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway, comparing them with exosomes from Han Chinese individuals. An HPH rat model was established in vivo, and a hypoxia-induced injury in the rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (rPASMCs) was simulated in vitro.

Ubenimex combined with Albendazole for the treatment of -induced alveolar echinococcosis in mice.

Introduction: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic disease caused by and it is highly prevalent in the northern hemisphere. We have previously found that vaccination with -Leucine aminopeptidase (EM-LAP) could inhibit the growth and invasion of in host liver, and Ubenimex, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of LAP, could also inhibit invasion but had a limited effect on the growth and development of .

Methods: In this study, the therapeutic effect of Ubenimex combined with Albendazole on AE was evaluated.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α promotes fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by enhancing glutamine catabolism and inhibiting yes-associated protein phosphorylation in hepatic stellate cells.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high global prevalence and affects approximately one-third of adults, owing to high-fat dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) in NAFLD progression remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic hypoxia on NAFLD progression by examining the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) activation and that of hepatic stellate cell (HSC)-derived myofibroblasts through glutaminolysis.

[Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes on pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension].

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) on mice with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). MSCs were isolated and cultured from human umbilical cords under aseptic conditions, and exosomes were extracted from the supernatants and identified. Healthy SPF C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: normoxic group, hypoxic group, and hypoxic+MSCs-Exo group.

A Bioengineered Nanovesicle Vaccine Boosts T-B cell Interaction for Immunotherapy of Echinococcus multilocularis.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease, resulting from being infected with the metacestode larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis). Novel prophylactic and therapeutic interventions are urgently needed since the current chemotherapy displays limited efficiency in AE treatment.

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice Via Macrophages.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an intractable, severe, and progressive cardiopulmonary disease. Recent findings suggest that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) and HUCMSC-derived exosomes (HUCMSC-Exos) possess potential therapeutic value for PH. However, whether they have beneficial effects on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH) is unclear.

High-Altitude Hypoxia Induces Excessive Erythrocytosis in Mice via Upregulation of the Intestinal /Iron-Metabolism Pathway.

Excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is a preclinical form of chronic mountain sickness (CMS). The dysregulation of iron metabolism in high-altitude hypoxia may induce EE. The intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha () regulates the genes involved in iron metabolism.

[Research progress on the effect of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress caused by hypoxia during pregnancy on preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction].

Preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of the fetus are the two most common pregnancy complications worldwide, affecting 5%-10% of pregnant women. Preeclampsia is associated with significantly increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Hypoxia-induced uteroplacental dysfunction is now recognized as a key pathological factor in preeclampsia and IUGR.

Macrophage-derived inflammation promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension mice.

The role of inflammation in pulmonary hypertension is gradually gaining increasing research attention. However, no previous study has evaluated the characteristics of inflammation during chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the inflammatory process involved in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice.

Brain-aging related protein expression and imaging characteristics of mice exposed to chronic hypoxia at high altitude.

Objective: To determine changes in protein expression related to brain aging and imaging features in mice after chronic hypoxia exposure at high altitude.

Method: A total of 24 healthy 4-week-old mice were randomly divided into high altitude hypoxia (HH) and plain control (PC) groups ( = 8 per group). HH mice were transported from Xi'an (450 m above sea level) to Maduo (4,300 m above sea level) while PC mice were raised in Xi'an.

Platelets in Renal Disease.

Kidney disease is a major global health concern, affecting millions of people. Nephrologists have shown interest in platelets because of coagulation disorders caused by renal diseases. With a better understanding of platelets, it has been found that these anucleate and abundant blood cells not only play a role in hemostasis, but also have important functions in inflammation and immunity.

Antibiotic intervention exacerbated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in SD rats under hypobaric hypoxia exposure.

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining host nutrition, metabolism, and immune homeostasis, particularly in extreme environmental conditions. However, the regulatory mechanisms of the gut microbiota in animal organisms hypobaric hypoxia exposure require further study. We conducted a research by comparing SD rats treated with an antibiotic (ABX) cocktail and untreated SD rats that were housed in a low-pressure oxygen chamber (simulating low pressure and hypoxic environment at 6000 m altitude) for 30 days.

Mitochondria in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, roles and the potential targets.

Mitochondria are the centrol hub for cellular energy metabolisms. They regulate fuel metabolism by oxygen levels, participate in physiological signaling pathways, and act as oxygen sensors. Once oxygen deprived, the fuel utilizations can be switched from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis for ATP production.

Erythrocytes Display Metabolic Changes in High-Altitude Polycythemia.

Qile, Muge, Qiying Xu, Yi Ye, Huifang Liu, Drolma Gomchok, Juanli Liu, Tana Wuren, and Ri-Li Ge. Erythrocytes display metabolic changes in high-altitude polycythemia. .

[Factors affecting pulmonary arterial pressure in response to high-altitude hypoxic stress].

The alteration of pulmonary artery pressure is an important physiological indicator to reflect the organism's adaptation to acclimatization or the pathological injury in response to high-altitude hypoxic environment. The effects of hypoxic stress at different altitudes for different time on pulmonary artery pressure are different. There are many factors involved in the changes of pulmonary artery pressure, such as the contraction of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle, hemodynamic changes, abnormal regulation of vascular activity and abnormal changes of cardiopulmonary function.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveals the hub genes associated with pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a cardiopulmonary vascular disease that acutely endangers human health and can be fatal. It progresses rapidly and has a high mortality rate. Its pathophysiology is complicated and still not completely elucidated; therefore, achieving treatment breakthroughs are difficult.