Water decoction of and ameliorates alcohol-induced liver disease involved in the modulation of gut microbiota and TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Introduction: Alcohol consumption alters the diversity and metabolic activities of gut microbiota, leading to intestinal barrier dysfunction and contributing to the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is the most prevalent cause of advanced liver diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and action mechanism of an aqueous extraction of and (PFE) on alcoholic liver injury.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the mouse model of alcoholic liver injury and orally administered 500 and 1,000 mg/kg/d of PFE for 2 weeks.

Lignan glucosides from Gentiana macrophylla with potential anti-arthritis and hepatoprotective activities.

Ten lignans, including six previously undescribed phenolic ester glycosyl lignans (1-6), were isolated from a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, Qin-Jiao, which is the dry root of Gentiana macrophylla Pall. (Gentianaceae). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods, especially 2D NMR techniques.

Terpenoid Glucosides from That Attenuate TNF-α Induced Pulmonary Inflammation in A549 Cells.

Four previously undescribed terpenoid glucosides, including one sesquiterpenoid di-glucoside (), two new iridoid glucosides (, ), and a new triterpenoid tri-glucoside (), were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of the root of (Gentianaceae), along with eight known terpenoids. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques, including 1D, 2D NMR, and HRMS (ESI), as well as chemical methods. The absolute configuration of compound was determined by quantum chemical calculation of its theoretical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum.

Six pairs of phenylpropanoid enantiomers from Cinnamomum mollifolium.

Six pairs of undescribed phenylglycerol benzoate enantiomers, (±)-mollifolines A-F, which can also be categorized into three two-pairs of epimers, were isolated from Cinnamomum mollifolium H. W. Li (Lauraceae).

[Effect of Ginsenoside Rg2 and Its Stereoisomers on Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion Induced Cortical Neuronal Injury Model].

Objective: To observe the effect of natural type ginsenoside Rg2 (Rg2) and its stereoisomers [20 (R)-Rg2 and 20 (S)-Rg2] at different concentrations on oxygen-glucose deprivation/ reperfusion (OGD/R) induced cortical neuronal injury model in vitro, and to explore the mechanism, and compare their differences of action.

Methods: Cortical neurons after 7-day culture were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e.

Voltage-gated and ATP-sensitive K+ channels are associated with cell proliferation and tumorigenesis of human glioma.

Increasing evidence indicates that potassium (K+) channels play important roles in the growth and development of human cancer. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of and the mechanism by which K+ channels control the proliferation and tumor development of U87-MG human glioma cells. A variety of K+ channel blockers and openers were used to differentiate the critical subtype of K+ channels involved.