Gastric toxoplasmosis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A case report and review of the literature.

Toxoplasmosis is a common opportunistic pathogen in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It usually presents with ocular, central nervous system, or pulmonary disease. Gastric toxoplasmosis is uncommon in AIDS patients, especially in the absence of central nervous system manifestations.

Neutrophils pretreated with volatile anesthetics lose ability to cause cardiac dysfunction.

Background: Volatile anesthetics can precondition the myocardium against functional depression and infarction following ischemia-reperfusion. Neutrophil activation, adherence, and release of superoxide play major roles in reperfusion injury. The authors tested the hypothesis that pretreatment of neutrophils with a volatile anesthetic, i.

Testicular natural killer/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type, of true natural killer-cell origin.

The majority of primary testicular lymphomas are of B-cell type. Other primary lymphomas are rarely encountered in the testes. Natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphomas of nasal type are aggressive extranodal lymphomas associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection that are usually encountered in the upper aerodigestive tract.

Understanding the basis of CD4(+) T-cell depletion in macaques infected by a simian-human immunodeficiency virus.

The efficacy of candidate AIDS vaccines to mediate protection against viral infection and pathogenesis is evaluated, at a preclinical stage, in animal models. One model that is favored because the infecting virus is closely related to HIV-1 and because of the rapidity of pathogenic outcomes is the infection of Old World monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimerae. We investigated the basis for the depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in a SHIV-macaque model.

Membrane-fusing capacity of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope proteins determines the efficiency of CD+ T-cell depletion in macaques infected by a simian-human immunodeficiency virus.

The mechanism of the progressive loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes, which underlies the development of AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)-infected individuals, is unknown. Animal models, such as the infection of Old World monkeys by simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) chimerae, can assist studies of HIV-1 pathogenesis. Serial in vivo passage of the nonpathogenic SHIV-89.

Malignant Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary metastatic to the lung mimicking neuroendocrine carcinoma: report of a case.

A Sertoli cell carcinoma of the ovary with lung metastases mimicking neuroendocrine carcinoma is presented. Lung metastases frequently occur. Primary and secondary tumors may exhibit similar growth patterns and differentiating primary from secondary tumors may be troublesome.

Usefulness of certain red blood cell indices in diagnosing and differentiating thalassemia trait from iron-deficiency anemia.

Iron-deficiency anemia and thalassemia are among the most common microcytic anemias. Differentiating these anemias by means of hemogrant indices is imprecise. Powerful statistical computer programming now enables sensitive discriminant analyses to aid in the diagnosis.

Acanthamoeba infection presenting as skin lesions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acanthamoeba organisms are a well-known, although rare, cause of central nervous system infection in immunodeficient hosts, including those with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Extracerebral acanthamebiasis, with the exception of contact lens-associated keratitis, is reported but little emphasized in the literature. We describe two patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom skin lesions were the primary manifestations of Acanthamoeba infection.

Bronchoscopy specimens in adults with AIDS. Comparative yields of cytology, histology and culture for diagnosis of infectious agents.

Bronchoscopy specimens from 183 known/suspected acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients were evaluated for pathogens. In each case, transbronchial biopsies were evaluated and bronchoalveolar lavage material was cultured for viruses, fungi and mycobacteria and examined cytologically. A specimen was considered positive for a pathogen if detected by any one of the methods (TBB or BALC or culture).

Retention indices by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection.

The use of wide-bore capillary columns in gas chromatography (GC) with nitrogen-phosphorus detectors (NPD) is gaining popularity in the toxicology laboratory. Though the preferred method to achieve reproducible results and to make interlaboratory comparisons of GC data is by retention index (RI), the selectivity of the NPD has relegated its users to calculations of relative retention time. The present study utilizes a set of drugs as reference standards under temperature programmed conditions and presents a unique method of RI calculation.

Peliosis hepatis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We report two cases of peliosis hepatis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Hepatic tissue, obtained by needle biopsy from one patient and at postmortem examination from a second patient, demonstrated lesions grossly and microscopically consistent with previous descriptions of peliosis. Peliotic lesions were also identified in the spleen and porta hepatis lymph nodes in the second case.

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast with serum monoclonal protein: a case report and review of the literature.

A case of a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast in a 73-year-old woman is reported. This is the second case of solitary breast plasmacytoma reported in the world literature. Plasmacytomas of the breast are extremely rare, especially those that are not associated with myelomatosis or disseminated disease.

Tissue sources of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase activity in hyperthyroid patients.

Total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its isoenzymes were studied in the sera of 72 hyperthyroid patients and 24 age- and sex-matched controls. Eighty-nine per cent of thyrotoxic patients had elevated total serum ALP activity. Both liver (LALP) and bone (BALP) isoenzymes were present in the sera of 75% of patients.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the maxillary sinus. Case report and literature review.

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the maxillary sinus, which to our knowledge is the third such report, involved a patient who was seen initially with nasal obstruction, swelling of the face, and visual disturbances. Three months after partial excision of the tumor and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the patient died of bone and liver metastases. These tumors usually manifest initially with symptoms directly referable to the involved sinus.

Heterotopic ossification in the pulmonary metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma: report of a case and review of the literature.

A case of heterotopic ossification in the pulmonary metastases of an adenocarcinoma of the stomach is presented. This report represents the second known case in the world literature. Three cases with ossification in the primary tumor of the stomach and three cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma with ossification in the pulmonary metastases have been reported.

Effects of storage in the cold on activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase in serum.

Sera from patients with hepatobiliary disorders were selected to represent a wide range of activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.

Primary neonatal hyperparathyroidism. Report of a case and review of the literature.

The seventh case in the world literature of primary hyperparathyroidism in a neonate is reported. This is the fifth case in which an autopsy was performed. The clinical and anatomic findings in all seven cases are reviewed and compared.