Virginia Memory Project: Using the Healthy Brain Initiative Roadmap to design a statewide dementia registry.

Introduction: The Virginia Memory Project (VMP) is a statewide epidemiological registry for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. It aims to support dementia research, policy, and care by leveraging the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) Roadmap.

Methods: To capture comprehensive data, the VMP integrates self-enrollment and automatic enrollment using Virginia's All-Payer Claims Database (APCD).

Point-of-care platform integrated with deep-learning, convolutional neural network algorithms effectively evaluates canine and feline peripheral blood smears.

Objective: To perform a diagnostic assessment of a point-of-care veterinary multiuse platform integrated with a model comprised of deep-learning, convolutional neural network algorithms for evaluating canine/feline peripheral blood smears compared to board-certified clinical pathologists (CPs).

Methods: This study had a blinded, randomized, incomplete block design, and results were compared between CPs and algorithms. Blood smears from convenience samples from veterinary diagnostic reference laboratories from October to December 2021 were used.

Financial hardship and caregiver and child mental health during the 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Household income and caregiver mental health are important drivers of children's health and development. The COVID-19 pandemic created huge economic and mental health disruptions. This study examines financial hardship and its relationship with caregiver and child mental health using Australia's only representative data spanning three years of the pandemic.

Transcatheter Repair of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation: A Systematic Review.

Clinically significant severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common untreated pathology associated with increased mortality. Even though surgical valve replacement has been the mainstay option, transcatheter intervention is a novel and potentially effective tool. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that assessed and compared clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of coaptation and annuloplasty devices in patients with clinically significant TR.

Accumulation of road salt in a calcareous fen: Kampoosa Bog, western Massachusetts.

Road salt poses a threat to the quality of soils and water resources. Wetlands located in salt contaminated areas are at risk of experiencing lower plant and animal species diversity. Therefore, it is critical to understand how modifications to salt application rates and hydrological events impact wetland water quality.

An Exploration of the Knowledge and Current Practices of Frontline Workers Regarding Elder Abuse.

Annually, approximately 16% of adults aged 60 and older are victims of abuse in community settings. A critical first step toward effectively intervening and reducing the prevalence of elder abuse is to better understand the current state of knowledge, beliefs, and practices. This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of US frontline community workers regarding elder abuse through focus groups and interviews conducted in the spring and summer of 2021.

Caregiver's intention and uptake of influenza vaccination for children in Australia before and after introduction of free vaccination.

Objectives: To investigate the change between 2017 and 2023 in caregiver-reported intention to vaccinate children aged 6 months-5 years against influenza and compare this to vaccine uptake in Australia, following the COVID-19 pandemic and the free influenza vaccine policy for young children by different states and territories since 2018 and nationally in 2020.

Study Design: Retrospective data analysis.

Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted using the Royal Children's Hospital National Child Health Poll data.

Debt Collection Pressure and Mental Health: Evidence from a Cohort of U.S. Young Adults.

The debt collection industry in the United States has grown in tandem with rising indebtedness. Prior research on debt and mental health mainly treats debt as a resource and liability rather than a power relationship between creditors and debtors. We study the mental health consequences of debt collection pressure using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1997 Cohort (N = 7,236).

A physical demands analysis to identify and delineate critical physical tasks for physically demanding US air force occupations.

Background: Military physical fitness tests and standards often lack a scientific basis. Contrary to this traditional-historical precedent, US Air Force researchers use a "Two-Tier" health (Tier 1) and performance (Tier 2) approach to develop evidence-based criterion physical fitness tests, standards, and training. This study specifically and only addresses a physical demands analysis, the first step in a six-step process to develop Tier 2 occupationally specific, operationally relevant physical fitness tests and standards, and training guidance.

"The Psychiatric Domain of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: A Review for the Intensivist".

Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by new or worsening changes in mental health, cognition, or physical function that persist following critical illness. The psychiatric domain of PICS encompasses new or worsened psychiatric burdens following critical illness, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety. Many of the established predisposing and precipitating factors for the psychiatric domain of PICS are commonly found in the setting of critical illness, including mechanical ventilation (MV), exposure to sedating medications, and physical restraint.

Inequality in high-cost borrowing and unemployment insurance generosity in US states during the COVID-19 pandemic.

US consumers may turn to the private market for credit when income and government benefits fall short. The most vulnerable consumers have access only to the highest-cost loans. Prior research on trade-offs of credit with government welfare support cannot distinguish between distinct forms of unsecured credit due to data limitations.

Modulation of diabetic wound healing using carbon monoxide gas-entrapping materials.

Diabetic wound healing is uniquely challenging to manage due to chronic inflammation and heightened microbial growth from elevated interstitial glucose. Carbon monoxide (CO), widely acknowledged as a toxic gas, is also known to provide unique therapeutic immune modulating effects. To facilitate delivery of CO, we have designed hyaluronic acid-based CO-gas-entrapping materials (CO-GEMs) for topical and prolonged gas delivery to the wound bed.

Effects of marketing claims on toddler food products on parents' product preferences, perceptions and purchasing intentions: an online experiment.

Background: The retail market for toddler-specific packaged foods is growing. Many of these products are ultra-processed and high in nutrients of concern for health, yet marketed in ways that may make them appear wholesome. This study aims to assess parents' responses to claims on unhealthy, ultra-processed toddler food products and test whether removing such claims promotes more accurate product perceptions and healthier product preferences.

Audit of a Revised Pathway Aimed at Expediting Diagnosis and Treatment for Suspected Achilles Tendon Rupture.

Treatment outcomes for Achilles tendon ruptures depend upon prompt diagnosis and management. A local study in 2018 highlighted inefficiencies in patient management, and a revised protocol was introduced allowing investigation and referral to be initiated by other healthcare professionals. This retrospective audit evaluates the impact of this on the timescale from presentation to treatment.

Systematic reduction of natural enemies and competition across variable precipitation approximates buffelgrass invasiveness () in its native range.

Invasive grasses cause devastating losses to biodiversity and ecosystem function directly and indirectly by altering ecosystem processes. Escape from natural enemies, plant-plant competition, and variable resource availability provide frameworks for understanding invasion. However, we lack a clear understanding of how natural stressors interact in their native range to regulate invasiveness.

Caregiver and Child Mental Health During 3 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns (stay-at-home orders) had significant mental health consequences in 2020 to 2021 for caregivers and children. Little is known about "postlockdown" periods in 2022 to 2023. We investigated the mental health experiences of Australian families throughout the 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2023), by demographic characteristics and lockdown length.

Mortgage Borrowing and Chronic Disease Outcomes in Older Age: Evidence From Biomarker Data in the Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: The medical diagnosis of a disease is common in older age and can carry significant financial costs. For many older adults, equity in a home is their primary component of wealth; however, housing wealth is illiquid. We analyze the relationship between the liquidation of housing wealth through mortgage borrowing on older homeowners' ability to successfully control a disease.

Israel's spatial and a-spatial strategy of dispossessing the Jordan Valley's Palestinian Inhabitants.

The Jordan Valley's territorial extent is defined for this study as an elongated stretch of border area, located west of Jordan's boundary with the West Bank, Palestine. This region along with the West Bank was conquered by the Israeli Army during the June 1967 War and has been held by Israel since. Almost 88% of its 200,000 Palestinian population then living in the region were expelled and turned overnight into refugees in Jordan and elsewhere.

Predictors of liver disease progression in people living with HIV-HBV co-infection on antiretroviral therapy.

Background: In people living with HIV-HBV, liver fibrosis progression can occur even with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). We investigated the relationship between liver fibrosis and biomarkers of inflammation, apoptosis, and microbial translocation.

Methods: In this observational cohort study adults living with HIV-HBV already on effective ART were recruited in Australia and Thailand and followed for 3 years including 6 monthly clinical review and blood tests and annual transient elastography.