Discovery of a novel CDK7 inhibitor YPN-005 in small cell lung cancer.

In contrast to non-small cell lung cancer, there has been no significant progress in the development of therapies for the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in recent decades. Although various targeted agents, including immunotherapies, have recently been developed for testing in clinical trials, novel therapeutic agents are still needed for SCLC. We developed a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), designated YPN-005, and sought to determine whether it showed any anticancer effects in SCLC cells, cisplatin or etoposide-resistant cells, or organoids derived from SCLC patients.

Atomically Conformal Metal Laminations on Plasmonic Nanocrystals for Efficient Catalysis.

Despite the enormous application potential, methods for conformal few-atomic-layer deposition on colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) are scarce. Similar to the process of lamination, we introduce a "confine and shine" strategy to homogeneously modify the different surface curvatures of plasmonic NCs with ultrathin conformal layers of diverse catalytic noble metals. This self-limited epitaxial skinlike metal growth harvests the localized surface plasmon resonance to induce reduction chemistry directly on the NC surface, confined inside hollow silica.

Chiroptical Metasurfaces: Principles, Classification, and Applications.

Chiral materials, which show different optical behaviors when illuminated by left or right circularly polarized light due to broken mirror symmetry, have greatly impacted the field of optical sensing over the past decade. To improve the sensitivity of chiral sensing platforms, enhancing the chiroptical response is necessary. Metasurfaces, which are two-dimensional metamaterials consisting of periodic subwavelength artificial structures, have recently attracted significant attention because of their ability to enhance the chiroptical response by manipulating amplitude, phase, and polarization of electromagnetic fields.

Self-assembled hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for osteoarthritis treatment.

Although osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease, there is no effective disease-modifying therapy. We report an empty self-assembled hyaluronic acid nanoparticle (HA-NP) as a potential therapeutic agent for OA treatment. In mouse primary articular chondrocytes, HA-NPs blocked the receptor-mediated cellular uptake of free low-molecular-weight HA, and the cellular uptake of HA-NPs increased by ectopic expression of CD44, using an adenoviral delivery system (Ad-Cd44).

Pixelated bifunctional metasurface-driven dynamic vectorial holographic color prints for photonic security platform.

Vectorial holography has gained a lot of attention due to the promise of versatile polarization control of structured light for enhanced optical security and multi-channel optical communication. Here, we propose a bifunctional metasurface which combines both structural color printing and vectorial holography with eight polarization channels towards advanced encryption applications. The structural colour prints are observed under white light while the polarization encoded holograms are reconstructed under laser illumination.

Dermatan Sulfate Is a Potential Regulator of IgH Interactions With Pre-BCR, GTF2I, and BiP ER Complex in Pre-B Lymphoblasts.

Dermatan sulfate (DS) and autoantigen (autoAg) complexes are capable of stimulating autoreactive CD5+ B1 cells. We examined the activity of DS on CD5+ pre-B lymphoblast NFS-25 cells. CD19, CD5, CD72, PI3K, and Fas possess varying degrees of DS affinity.

Densazalin, a New Cytotoxic Diazatricyclic Alkaloid from the Marine Sponge .

Densazalin, a polycyclic alkaloid, was isolated from the marine sponge collected in Korea. The complete structure of the compound was determined by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and comparison of the calculated and measured electronic circular dichroism spectra. Densazalin possesses a unique 5,11-diazatricyclo[7.

Nanoimprint lithography for high-throughput fabrication of metasurfaces.

Metasurfaces are composed of periodic sub-wavelength nanostructures and exhibit optical properties that are not found in nature. They have been widely investigated for optical applications such as holograms, wavefront shaping, and structural color printing, however, electron-beam lithography is not suitable to produce large-area metasurfaces because of the high fabrication cost and low productivity. Although alternative optical technologies, such as holographic lithography and plasmonic lithography, can overcome these drawbacks, such methods are still constrained by the optical diffraction limit.

Nearly Perfect Transmissive Subtractive Coloration through the Spectral Amplification of Mie Scattering and Lattice Resonance.

Silicon has been utilized in metasurfaces to produce structural color filters due to its compatibility with mature and cost-effective methods for complementary metal oxide semiconductor devices. In this work, we propose and demonstrate efficiency- and scattering-enhanced structural color filters using all-dielectric metasurfaces made up of engineered hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) nanoblocks. Wavelength-dependent filtering is achieved by Mie scattering as each structure individually supports the electric dipole (ED) and magnetic dipole (MD) resonances.

Creation and implementation of an electronic health record note for quality improvement in pediatric epilepsy: Practical considerations and lessons learned.

Objective: To describe the development of the Pediatric Epilepsy Outcome-Informatics Project (PEOIP) at Alberta Children's Hospital (ACH), which was created to provide standardized, point-of-care data entry; near-time data analysis; and availability of outcome dashboards as a baseline on which to pursue quality improvement.

Methods: Stakeholders involved in the PEOIP met weekly to determine the most important outcomes for patients diagnosed with epilepsy, create a standardized electronic note with defined fields (patient demographics, seizure and syndrome type and frequency and specific outcomes- seizure type and frequency, adverse effects, emergency department visits, hospitalization, and care pathways for clinical decision support. These were embedded in the electronic health record from which the fields were extracted into a data display platform that provided patient- and population-level dashboards updated every 36 hours.

Long-term outcomes of Graves' disease in children and adolescents receiving antithyroid drugs.

Purpose: Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) are primarily used as an initial treatment in pediatric patients with Graves' disease (GD). We aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes in pediatric GD patients receiving ATDs.

Methods: Retrospective data from a single center were collected from April 2003 to July 2020.

Nanophotonics for light detection and ranging technology.

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, a laser-based imaging technique for accurate distance measurement, is considered one of the most crucial sensor technologies for autonomous vehicles, artificially intelligent robots and unmanned aerial vehicle reconnaissance. Until recently, LiDAR has relied on light sources and detectors mounted on multiple mechanically rotating optical transmitters and receivers to cover an entire scene. Such an architecture gives rise to limitations in terms of the imaging frame rate and resolution.

Molecular Self-Assembly and Supramolecular Chemistry of Cyclic Peptides.

This Review focuses on the establishment and development of self-assemblies governed by the supramolecular interactions between cyclic peptides. The Review first describes the type of cyclic peptides able to assemble into tubular structures to form supramolecular cyclic peptide nanotubes. A range of cyclic peptides have been identified to have such properties, including α-peptides, β-peptides, α,γ-peptides, and peptides based on δ- and ε-amino acids.

Feeding intolerance in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Background & Aims: Early reports suggest significant difficulty with enteral feeding in critically ill COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of feeding intolerance in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Methods: We examined 323 adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of Massachusetts General Hospital between March 11 and June 28, 2020 who received enteral nutrition.

Spectrally Selective Nanoparticle Mixture Coating for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling.

Passive daytime radiative cooling, which is a process that removes excess heat to cold space as an infinite heat sink, is an emerging technology for applications that require thermal control. Among the different structures of radiative coolers, multilayer- and photonic-structured radiative coolers that are composed of inorganic layers still need to be simple to fabricate. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a nanoparticle-mixture-based radiative cooler that exhibits highly selective infrared emission and low solar absorption.

Feasibility of Non-Exposure Simple Suturing Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection in Comparison with Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery for Gastric Subepithelial Tumors: Results of Two Independent Prospective Trials.

Recently, nonexposure simple suturing endoscopic full-thickness resection (NESS-EFTR) method was developed to avoid tumor exposure to the peritoneal cavity. The aim of this study is to compare the short-term outcomes of the NESS-EFTR method with those of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). A prospective single-center trial of LECS for gastric SETs was performed from March 2012 to October 2013 with a separate prospective trial of NESS-EFTR performed from August 2015 to June 2017, enrolling 15 patients each.

Periodontal Pathogens Promote Foam Cell Formation by Blocking Lipid Efflux.

Foam cells are one of the major cellular components of atherosclerotic plaques, within which the trace of periodontal pathogens has also been identified in recent studies. In line with these findings, the correlation between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular incidences has been repetitively supported by evidence from a number of experimental studies. However, the direct role of periodontal pathogens in altered cellular signaling underlying such cardiovascular events has not been clearly defined.

Selenoprotein W ensures physiological bone remodeling by preventing hyperactivity of osteoclasts.

Selenoproteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine are critical for bone remodeling. However, their underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. Herein, we report the identification of selenoprotein W (SELENOW) through large-scale mRNA profiling of receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, as a protein that is downregulated via RANKL/RANK/tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6/p38 signaling.

Holographic metasurface gas sensors for instantaneous visual alarms.

The rapid detection of biological and chemical substances in real time is particularly important for public health and environmental monitoring and in the military sector. If the process of substance detection to visual reporting can be implemented into a single miniaturized sensor, there could be a profound impact on practical applications. Here, we propose a compact sensor platform that integrates liquid crystals (LCs) and holographic metasurfaces to autonomously sense the existence of a volatile gas and provide an immediate visual holographic alarm.

Factors influencing growth hormone therapy effect during the prepubertal period in small for gestational age children without catch-up growth.

Purpose: Because small for gestational age (SGA) children who fail to experience catch-up growth have an increased risk of short stature in adulthood, growth hormone (GH) treatment is recommended for effective growth. In this study, we evaluated the effect of GH treatment during the prepubertal period and analyzed for correlation between GH treatment response and clinical factors in SGA children.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study was conducted from 2014 to 2020.

Stereochemical Determination of Fistularins Isolated from the Marine Sponge and Their Regulatory Effect on Intestinal Inflammation.

By activity-guided fractionation based on inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE), six fistularin compounds (-) were isolated from the marine sponge (order Astrophorida). Based on stereochemical structure determination using Mosher's method, fistularin-3 was assigned as a new stereoisomer. On the basis of the stereochemistry of fistularin-3, the stereochemical homogeneity of all six compounds was established by comparing carbon and proton chemical shifts.

Regulation of Osteoblast Differentiation by Cytokine Networks.

Osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, play pivotal roles in bone modeling and remodeling. Osteoblast differentiation, also known as osteoblastogenesis, is orchestrated by transcription factors, such as runt-related transcription factor 1/2, osterix, activating transcription factor 4, special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 and activator protein-1. Osteoblastogenesis is regulated by a network of cytokines under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.

Three-dimensional nanoprinting via charged aerosol jets.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has revolutionized manufacturing processes for electronics, optics, energy, robotics, bioengineering and sensing. Downscaling 3D printing will enable applications that take advantage of the properties of micro- and nanostructures. However, existing techniques for 3D nanoprinting of metals require a polymer-metal mixture, metallic salts or rheological inks, limiting the choice of material and the purity of the resulting structures.