Air pollution exposure is associated with gene expression in children.

Environmental exposures, including air pollutants and lack of natural spaces, are associated with suboptimal health outcomes in children. We aimed to study the associations between environmental exposures and gene expression in children. Associations of exposure to particulate matter (PM) with diameter <2.

Primary Retroperitoneal Seminoma-An Uncommon Presentation With Significant Implications.

Primary retroperitoneal seminoma is an exceedingly rare type of germ cell tumor, accounting for less than 5% of all such tumors. These tumors are typically large at presentation due to their slow growth and the nonspecific nature of symptoms, which often leads to delayed diagnosis. A 40-year-old male presented with intermittent abdominal pain and a palpable lump in the right paraumbilical region.

Relationship between functional independence and community integration of people with spinal cord injury in Bangladesh.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the functional outcome and home and social integration of people who had spinal cord injury and completed their inpatient rehabilitation.

Setting: Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP), Bangladesh.

Neuropsychiatric complications in chronic kidney disease: Role of gender, clinical, and sociodemographic factors.

Introduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently experience neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment, which not only significantly diminish their quality of life, but also contribute to longer hospitalizations, poor treatment adherence, and increased mortality. This hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed to investigate neuropsychiatric complications in CKD patients, focusing on gender differences, and clinical and other sociodemographic factors.

Materials And Methods: Diagnosis of CKD was based on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria, and patients aged 18 years or above were included.

Mobile health teleconsultation and telemedicine in operating outpatient departments during COVID-19 pandemic at a hospital in Eastern Nepal.

Background: Telemedicine provides a means to deliver healthcare across distances, enhancing efficiency and accessibility, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its importance by reducing the risk of virus transmission while maintaining healthcare delivery. This study evaluates the telemedicine program implemented at B.

Determinants of malnutrition among adolescent females of age 15-19 years in an urban slum of Raipur city.

Context: Adolescent girls suffer the brunt of malnutrition due to increased nutritional needs to facilitate rapid growth spurt including menstruation and increased physical activity. This vulnerable group has low social power and is subjected to peer and social pressures related to body image and weight. All these factors along with the sociocultural milieu may lead to a spectrum of nutritional problems in them.

Gene therapy for hearing loss: challenges and the promise of cellular plasticity and epigenetic modulation.

Hearing loss can profoundly impact an individual's quality of life, affecting communication, social interactions, and overall well-being. Many people with hearing impairment report feelings of isolation, frustration, and decreased confidence in social settings, which can lead to withdrawal from activities they once enjoyed. Genetics plays a significant role in congenital hearing loss, accounting for approximately half of all cases.

Enhancing Anemia Detection With Non-invasive Anemia Detection With AI (NiADA): Insights From Clinical Validations and Physician Observations.

Background Anemia, a critical public health issue, affects nearly two billion people globally. Frequent monitoring of blood hemoglobin levels is essential for managing its burden. While point-of-care testing (POCT) devices facilitate hemoglobin testing in resource-limited settings, most are invasive and have inherent limitations.

Generation of thiyl radicals in a spatiotemporal controlled manner by light: Applied for the cis to trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids/phospholipids.

Thiyl radicals are important reactive sulfur species and can cause cis to trans isomerization on unsaturated fatty acids. However, biocompatible strategies for the controlled generation of thiyl radicals are still lacking. In this work, we report the study of a series of naphthacyl-derived thioethers as photo-triggered thiyl radical precursors.

Drug release potential of polyacrylamide grafted-Assam Bora rice polysaccharide graft copolymer (ABRS-g-PAM) as effective controlled release polymer.

The research focuses on the characterization and evaluation of drug delivery efficiency of a microwave-assisted, free-radical synthesized polyacrylamide-grafted Assam Bora rice starch (ABRS) graft copolymer (ABRS-g-PAM). Percentage grafting efficiency (% GE) and intrinsic viscosity were chosen as the optimization parameters. The optimized ABRS-g-PAM Grade Formulation 4 (GF4) was found to be the best grade.

Arsenic unsettles the cerebellar balance between neurodegeneration and neurogenesis: reversal by folic acid.

Arsenic-mediated neurodegenerative disorders affect millions of individuals globally, but the specific impact of environmental arsenic on adult cerebellar degeneration and neurogenesis is incompletely understood. Of particular concern is arsenic-induced apoptosis-driven neurodegeneration. Our major objective was to investigate the molecular signaling intricacies associated with arsenic-induced death of cerebellar neurons and to propose folic acid as a possible intervention.

Developing novel indoles as antitubercular agents and simulated annealing-based analysis of their binding with MmpL3.

Aim: This research aimed to develop novel indole-2-carboxamides as potential antitubercular agents using rational drug design. It also focused on identifying the critical interactions required for these compounds to exhibit effective antitubercular activity.

Materials And Methods: Novel indole-2-carboxamides targeting MmpL3 were designed based on SAR, synthesized, and tested for their antitubercular and induction properties.

Automated surgical skill assessment in endoscopic pituitary surgery using real-time instrument tracking on a high-fidelity bench-top phantom.

Improved surgical skill is generally associated with improved patient outcomes, although assessment is subjective, labour intensive, and requires domain-specific expertise. Automated data-driven metrics can alleviate these difficulties, as demonstrated by existing machine learning instrument tracking models. However, these models are tested on limited datasets of laparoscopic surgery, with a focus on isolated tasks and robotic surgery.

PitRSDNet: Predicting intra-operative remaining surgery duration in endoscopic pituitary surgery.

Accurate intra-operative Remaining Surgery Duration (RSD) predictions allow for anaesthetists to more accurately decide when to administer anaesthetic agents and drugs, as well as to notify hospital staff to send in the next patient. Therefore, RSD plays an important role in improved patient care and minimising surgical theatre costs via efficient scheduling. In endoscopic pituitary surgery, it is uniquely challenging due to variable workflow sequences with a selection of optional steps contributing to high variability in surgery duration.

Predicting recovery in patients with mild traumatic brain injury and a normal CT using serum biomarkers and diffusion tensor imaging (CENTER-TBI): an observational cohort study.

Background: Even patients with normal computed tomography (CT) head imaging may experience persistent symptoms for months to years after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). There is currently no good way to predict recovery and triage patients who may benefit from early follow-up and targeted intervention. We aimed to assess if existing prognostic models can be improved by serum biomarkers or diffusion tensor imaging metrics (DTI) from MRI, and if serum biomarkers can identify patients for DTI.

Chronic pancreatitis as a driving factor for pancreatic cancer: An epidemiological understanding.

The retrospective study by Lew (2022) examined the rising hospitalization rates for chronic pancreatitis (CP) and its association with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), revealing significant ethno-racial disparities and risk factors. Overweight black men aged 40-59 years and white men over 40 years with higher incomes showed an elevated risk of PDAC among CP patients. The study, which included 14.

International consensus to define outcomes for trials of chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer (CORMAC-2): defining the outcomes from the CORMAC core outcome set.

Variation in outcomes definitions and reporting limit the utility of clinical trial results. The Core Outcome Research Measures in Anal Cancer (CORMAC) project developed a core outcome set (COS) for chemoradiotherapy trials for anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) through an international healthcare professional and patient consensus process. The CORMAC-COS comprises 19 outcomes across 4 domains (disease activity, survival, toxicity, life impact).

Investigation of Antibiotic-Releasing Biodegradable Composite Bone Cements for Treating Experimental Chronic Maxillofacial Bone Infection.

Chronic osteomyelitis of the maxillofacial bones (i.e., jaw bones) is a persistent infection that requires effective treatment.

Comparing Ag-O coordinated AgMOF-5 and Ag-N coordinated Ag nanosphere catalytic polymers for real time monitoring of HO level in cancer cells.

Monitoring HO levels in live cells is essential due to its superior stability and possible severity inside the cell. The quest for a superior platform capable of detecting cellular-level hydrogen peroxide (HO) concentrations without necessitating the use of high-cost enzymes is of utmost importance. Here, the quantification of intracellular HO concentrations has been performed using silver metal polymer-based nonenzymatic electrochemical detection.