Illudin S inhibits p53-Mdm2 interaction for anticancer efficacy in colorectal cancer.

The impairment of the p53 pathway was once regarded as inadequately druggable due to the specificity of the p53 structure, its flat surface lacking an ideal drug-binding site, and the difficulty in reinstating p53 function. However, renewed interest in p53-based therapies has emerged, with promising approaches targeting p53 and ongoing clinical trials investigating p53-based treatments across various cancers. Despite significant progress in p53-targeted therapies, challenges persist in identifying effective therapeutic targets within the p53 pathway.

Inhibitory Activity of on the Lipid Accumulation through Suppressing Adipogenesis and Activating Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Cells.

(SL) has been reported to exhibit anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet animal models, yet research into its mechanisms of action remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms behind the anti-obesity activity of SL's 30% ethanol extract (SL30E) using 3T3-L1 cells in an in vitro setting. SL30E effectively mitigated the accumulation of lipid droplets and triacylglycerol.

Determination of the Absolute Configuration of Secondary Alcohols in a Compound Mixture via the Application of Competing Enantioselective Acylation Coupled with LC/MS Analysis.

The determination of natural product stereochemistry plays a significant role in drug discovery and development. Understanding the stereochemistry of natural products is essential for predicting and optimizing their interactions with biological targets, which, in turn, influences their therapeutic efficacy, safety, and overall impact on living organisms. Here, we present the first application of competitive enantioselective acylation (CEA) reactions in conjunction with LC/MS analysis for determining the absolute configuration of secondary alcohols in natural products which were purified as a mixture.

Potential Antiviral Effect of Korean Forest Wild Mushrooms against Feline Coronavirus (FCoV).

Coronaviruses (CoV) are among the major viruses that cause common cold in humans. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a high-risk human pathogen that derived from bat coronaviruses, although several other animals serve as CoV hosts, contributing to human infection. As the human activity area expanded, viruses previously prevalent only in animals mutated and became threats to humans as well, leading to worldwide epidemics.

New autophagy-modulating lanostane-type triterpenoids from a hallucinogenic poisonous mushroom Gymnopilus orientispectabilis.

Gymnopilus orientispectabilis, also known as "big laughter mushroom," is a hallucinogenic poisonous mushroom that causes excessive laughter upon ingestion. From the fruiting bodies of G. orientispectabilis, eight lanostane-type triterpenoids (1-8), including seven novel compounds: gymnojunols A-G (2-8), were isolated.

Cloning and Expression Analysis of Bioluminescence Genes in Reveal Stress-Dependent Regulation of Bioluminescence.

Bioluminescence is a type of chemiluminescence that arises from a luciferase-catalyzed oxidation reaction of luciferin. Molecular biology and comparative genomics have recently elucidated the genes involved in fungal bioluminescence and the evolutionary history of their clusters. However, most studies on fungal bioluminescence have been limited to observing the changes in light intensity under various conditions.

-Hydroxy-Phe-Phe, a new dipeptide, and cytotoxic macrocyclic trichothecenes from the lethal toxic mushroom .

, commonly referred to as the red deer's horn mushroom due to its distinct resemblance to the antlers of a deer, is a lethal toxic mushroom that causes vomiting, dehydration, diarrhea, disturbance of consciousness, and even death. In continuation of our research aiming to investigate the novel structural and/or biological principles present in Korean wild mushrooms, a new -hydroxyphenylalanine-phenylalanine dipeptide, -hydroxy-Phe-Phe (1), and three known macrocyclic trichothecenes, satratoxin H (2), 12'-episatratoxin H (3), and roridin F (4), were isolated from the MeOH extract of a plate culture of the poisonous mushroom . The chemical structure of the new dipeptide (1) was determined by analyzing 1D and 2D NMR spectra and high-resolution (HR)-electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESIMS), along with a computational method combined with a statistical procedure (DP4+), and its absolute configuration was unambiguously assigned by quantum chemical ECD calculations.

,-Dimethyl-anthranilic Acid from Mushroom Fruiting Bodies Induces Apoptotic Effects on MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Breast cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignancies affecting women worldwide, and apoptosis-targeting drugs are attractive candidates for the treatment of cancer. In the current study, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity of the mushroom in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), identified potential antitumor compounds through bioactivity-guided isolation, and elucidated the antitumor, pro-apoptotic molecular mechanisms of the identified bioactive compounds. is edible when young, and it has been used as a food source as well as a traditional medicine in wound dressings.

Inhibition of Osteoclast Differentiation and Promotion of Osteogenic Formation by Mycelium.

Osteoporosis, Greek for "porous bone," is a bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone strength, microarchitectural changes in the bone tissues, and an increased risk of fracture. An imbalance of bone resorption and bone formation may lead to chronic metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis. , known as "Bokryung" in Korea, is a fungus belonging to the family and has been used as a therapeutic food against various diseases.

Meyeroguilline E, a New Isoindolinone Alkaloid from the Poisonous Mushroom , and Identification of Compounds with Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Reversal Activities.

Three isoindolinone alkaloids (-), including one new isoindolinone-type alkaloid, meyeroguilline E (), and six other known compounds (-) were isolated from the poisonous mushroom (Agaricaceae). The structure of the new compound was determined using extensive spectroscopic analyses via one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR data interpretation and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). To the best of our knowledge, compound is the first example of a natural isoindolinone with a butanoic acid moiety, and this study is the first to detect the other known compounds (-) in .

De novo genome assembly of the bioluminescent mushroom Omphalotus guepiniiformis reveals an Omphalotus-specific lineage of the luciferase gene block.

Omphalotus guepiniiformis, a bioluminescent mushroom species, is a source of the potentially valuable anticancer chemical. To provide genome information, we de novo assembled the high-quality O. guepiniiformis genome using two Next-Generation sequencing techniques, PacBio and Illumina sequencing.

Identification of Antibacterial Sterols from Korean Wild Mushroom via Bioactivity- and LC-MS/MS Profile-Guided Fractionation.

As part of an ongoing natural product chemical research for the discovery of bioactive secondary metabolites with novel structures, wild fruiting bodies of were collected and subjected to chemical and biological analyses. We subjected the fractions derived from the methanol extract of the fruiting bodies of to bioactivity-guided fractionation because the methanol extract of showed antibacterial activity against strain 51, according to our bioactivity screening. The -hexane and dichloromethane fractions showed moderate to weak antibacterial activity against strain 51, and the active fractions were analyzed for the isolation of antibacterial compounds.

Two New Fatty Acid Derivatives, Omphalotols A and B and Anti- Fatty Acid Derivatives from Poisonous Mushroom .

As part of ongoing systematic research into the discovery of bioactive secondary metabolites with novel structures from Korean wild mushrooms, we investigated secondary metabolites from a poisonous mushroom, (Kawam.) Kirchm. & O.

Pulveraven A from the fruiting bodies of Pulveroboletus ravenelii induces apoptosis in breast cancer cell via extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.

Pulveroboletus ravenelii (Beck. et Curt.) Murr.

Ergopyrone, a Styrylpyrone-Fused Steroid with a Hexacyclic 6/5/6/6/6/5 Skeleton from a Mushroom .

A styrylpyrone-fused ergosterol derivative, ergopyrone (), was isolated and structurally characterized from a mushroom, , along with five biosynthetically related metabolites (-). Compound features an unprecedented hexacyclic 6/5/6/6/6/5 skeleton that would be formed from ergosterol and styrylpyrone precursors via [3 + 2] cycloaddition. The chemical structure of was elucidated by conventional spectroscopic and spectrometric data analysis coupled with computational methods including DP4+ probability and ECD simulation and an NOE/ROE-based interproton distance measurement technique via peak amplitude normalization for the improved cross-relaxation (PANIC) method.

New species from South Korea.

In this third contribution involving new species from South Korea, two new species are introduced. In addition, we document a first report of the recently described Japanese outside of Japan based on identical ITS sequence data. is introduced as a new member of subgenus Cinnabarini, to which the closely related Korean and Chinese also belong.

Marasmioid and Gymnopoid Fungi of the Republic of Korea. 8. Section .

Collections of sect. from the Republic of Korea have been studied. Two new species, and .

Calvatianone, a Sterol Possessing a 6/5/6/5-Fused Ring System with a Contracted Tetrahydrofuran B-Ring, from the Fruiting Bodies of .

is an extremely rare mushroom with a limited number of studies on its chemical components and biological activities published. Here we report the isolation of a novel sterol, calvatianone (), possessing a 6/5/6/5-fused ring system with a contracted tetrahydrofuran B-ring, and four known steroids (-) from the fruiting bodies of . The structure of calvatianone including its absolute configuration was determined by NMR spectroscopic analyses, HR-ESIMS, gauge-including atomic orbital NMR chemical shift calculations, and ECD calculations.

Ergostane-Type Steroids from Korean Wild Mushroom that Control Adipocyte and Osteoblast Differentiation.

As part of our current work to discover structurally and/or biologically novel compounds from Korean wild mushrooms, we isolated five ergostane-type steroids (1-5) from the fruiting bodies of via repeated column chromatographic separations and HPLC purification. The chemical structures of the isolated steroids were shown to be (22E,24)-24-methylcholesta-4,22- diene-3,6-dione (1), ergosta-7,22-diene-3,5,6-triol (2), ergosta-7,22-diene-3,5,6,9-tetraol (3), (22E,24)-5,8-epidioxyergosta-6,22-diene-3-ol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (4), and (22E,24)-5,8-epidioxyergosta-6,9,22-triene-3-ol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (5) based on comparison of the data regarding their spectroscopic and physical properties with those of previous studies. Notably, this is the first report on the presence of the identified steroids (1-5) in this mushroom.

Phallac acids A and B, new sesquiterpenes from the fruiting bodies of Phallus luteus.

Phallus luteus (Phallaceae), previously known as Dictyophora indusiata, is an edible and medicinal mushroom. As part of a continuing project to discover structurally and/or biologically novel natural products from wild mushrooms, we aimed to perform a chemical investigation of the methanol extract of P. luteus combined with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-guided analysis coupled to an in-house UV spectral library.

Cumulative Effects of Constituents from the Mushroom on the Contractility of Penile Corpus Cavernosum Smooth Muscle.

, a puffball mushroom (Agaricaceae), is thought to be an aphrodisiac, as this mushroom is traditionally known to improve sexual function in males. As part of the systematic study to determine the bioactive secondary metabolites from responsible for aphrodisiac effects, chemical analysis of methanol (MeOH) extracts of the fruiting bodies of resulted in the isolation of two major compounds: ,-dimethyl-anthranilic acid () and (7,10)-7,10-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (). Compounds and were evaluated for cumulative dose-dependent relaxation responses to precontracted penile corpus smooth muscle (PCCSM).

Trichothecene and tremulane sesquiterpenes from a hallucinogenic mushroom Gymnopilus junonius and their cytotoxicity.

Gymnopilus junonius (Fr.) P. D.

Vulpinic Acid Controls Stem Cell Fate toward Osteogenesis and Adipogenesis.

Vulpinic acid, a naturally occurring methyl ester of pulvinic acid, has been reported to exert anti-fungal, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidative effects. However, its metabolic action has not been implicated yet. Here, we show that vulpinic acid derived from a mushroom, controls the cell fate of mesenchymal stem cells and preadipocytes by inducing the acetylation of histone H3 and α-tubulin, respectively.