Interaction of Bisphenol A and Its Analogs with Estrogen and Androgen Receptor from Atlantic Cod ().

The widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins has made it a prevalent environmental pollutant in aquatic ecosystems. BPA poses a significant threat to marine and freshwater wildlife due to its documented endocrine-disrupting effects on various species. Manufacturers are increasingly turning to other bisphenol compounds as supposedly safer alternatives.

Presence of active AKT in the nucleus upon adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells.

AKT is an essential player in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway. Although the mechanisms of its action are well understood at the plasma membrane, AKT can also be found in the nucleus. In adipocytes, this pathway is activated during the process of adipogenesis and solicits both plasma membrane and nuclear AKT activity.

SAF-A/hnRNP U binds polyphosphoinositides via a lysine rich polybasic motif located in the SAP domain.

Polyphosphoinositides (PPIn) play essential functions as lipid signalling molecules and many of their functions have been elucidated in the cytoplasm. However, PPIn are also intranuclear where they contribute to chromatin remodelling, transcription and mRNA splicing. Using quantitative interactomics, we have previously identified PPIn-interacting proteins with roles in RNA processing/splicing including the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU/SAF-A).

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling in the nucleolus.

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway plays key roles in many cellular processes and is altered in many diseases. The function and mode of action of the pathway have mostly been elucidated in the cytoplasm. However, many of the components of the PI3K pathway are also present in the nucleus at specific sub-nuclear sites including nuclear speckles, nuclear lipid islets and the nucleolus.

Polyphosphoinositides in the nucleus: Roadmap of their effectors and mechanisms of interaction.

Biomolecular interactions between proteins and polyphosphoinositides (PPIn) are essential in the regulation of the vast majority of cellular processes. Consequently, alteration of these interactions is implicated in the development of many diseases. PPIn are phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol and consist of seven species with different phosphate combinations.

Class I Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase /p110α and /p110β Isoforms in Endometrial Cancer.

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway is highly dysregulated in cancer, leading to elevated PI3K signalling and altered cellular processes that contribute to tumour development. The pathway is normally orchestrated by class I PI3K enzymes and negatively regulated by the phosphatase and tensin homologue, PTEN. Endometrial carcinomas harbour frequent alterations in components of the pathway, including changes in gene copy number and mutations, in particular in the oncogene , the gene encoding the PI3K catalytic subunit p110α, and the tumour suppressor .

DNA Topoisomerase IIα contributes to the early steps of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells.

DNA topoisomerases (Topo) are multifunctional enzymes resolving DNA topological problems such as those arising during DNA replication, transcription and mitosis. Mammalian cells express 2 class II isoforms, Topoisomerases IIα (Topo IIα) and IIβ (Topo IIβ), which have similar enzymatic properties but are differently expressed, in dividing and pluripotent cells, and in post-mitotic and differentiated cells respectively. Pre-adipocytes re-enter the cell cycle prior to committing to their differentiation and we hypothesised that Topo II could contribute to these processes.