Non-pharmacologic approaches to treatment of pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders.

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect up to 25% of children in the United States. These disorders are more recently known as disorders of "brain-gut" interaction. The diagnosis is based on the ROME IV criteria, and requires the absence of an organic condition to explain the symptoms.

Probiotic-Derived Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase Produces Anti-Inflammatory Adenosine Metabolites in Treg-Deficient Scurfy Mice.

Probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM 17938) prolongs the survival of Treg-deficient scurfy (SF) mice and reduces multiorgan inflammation by a process requiring adenosine receptor 2A (A) on T cells. We hypothesized that L. reuteri-derived ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'NT) activity acts to generate adenosine, which may be a central mediator for L.

Probiotic-derived ecto-5'-nucleotidase produces anti-inflammatory adenosine metabolites in Treg-deficient scurfy mice.

Probiotic DSM 17938 (DSM 17938) prolonges the survival of Treg-deficient scurfy (SF) mice and reduces multiorgan inflammation by a process requiring adenosine receptor 2A (A ) on T cells. We hypothesized that -derived ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'NT) activity acts to generate adenosine, which may be a central mediator for protection in SF mice. We evaluated DSM 17938-5'NT activity and the associated adenosine and inosine levels in plasma, gut and liver of SF mice.

Impact of probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on amino acid metabolism in the healthy newborn mouse.

We studied the effect of feeding a single probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR 17938) on the luminal and plasma levels of amino acids and their derivatives in the suckling newborn mouse, using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. We found that LR 17938 increased the relative abundance of many amino acids and their derivatives in stool, while it simultaneously significantly reduced the plasma levels of three amino acids (serine, citrulline, and taurine). Many peptides and dipeptides were increased in stool and plasma, notably gamma-glutamyl derivatives of amino acids, following ingestion of the LR 17938.

Rapunzel Syndrome Complicated by Sepsis, Bowel Perforation, and Pancreatitis in an 11-year-old Malnourished Female.

The most common presenting symptoms of Rapunzel syndrome include abdominal pain (37%), nausea and vomiting (33.3%), obstruction (25.9%), and peritonitis (18.

Recognizing a MIS-Chievous Cause of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis.

Historically, children evaluated for vomiting and diarrhea secondary to viral enteritis have symptoms lasting 2-4 days and respond to supportive care, including oral rehydration and anti-emetics if required. Recently, within a 14-day timespan, we encountered three children with severe diarrhea who rapidly became dehydrated and went into hypotensive shock. Although SARS-CoV-2 molecular tests were negative by nasopharyngeal swab, all were later found to have MIS-C.

Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health in Pediatric Gastroenterology.

Social determinants of health (SDH) as outlined by Healthy People 2020 encompasses 5 key domains: economic, education, social and community context, health and health care, and neighborhood and built environment. This article emphasizes pediatric populations and some of the existing SDH and health care disparities seen in pediatric gastroenterology. We specifically review inflammatory bowel disease, endoscopy, bariatric surgery, and liver transplantation.

State of the art vaccination strategies as primary prevention to reduce incidence of gastrointestinal cancers.

Immunizations have influenced the epidemiology of numerous gastrointestinal cancers. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI). Although most infections are transient and asymptomatic, persistent infections with oncogenic strains of HPV can progress to cervical, anal, penile, vaginal, vulvar, and oropharyngeal cancers.

The Perceived Ostomy Educational Needs of Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Their Caregivers.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease causing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Some patients require ostomy surgery to optimize their health. This study assessed perceived medical and psychosocial educational needs related to ostomy surgery in pediatric patients with IBD.