[Punctal stenosis: etiology, diagnosis, treatment].

This article reviews etiological factors in the development of lacrimal punctal stenosis, modern diagnostic techniques, as well as both conservative and surgical treatment methods. The presented analysis is based on data from 67 literary sources, which provide information on conventional and high-tech examination and treatment methods of patients with lacrimal punctal stenosis. Particular attention is paid to various aspects of punctoplasty - the most common surgical intervention used to treat this pathology.

PROGNOSIS OF ACUTE LEUKEMIA DEPENDING ON THE IRON METABOLISM PARAMETERS IN CHILDREN AFTER CHORNOBYL NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ACCIDENT.

Objective: To determine the influence of iron metabolism on the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and (AML)myeloblastic leukemia at the different phases of chemotherapy in children after Chоrnobyl accident.

Materials And Methods: 333 children (295 - ALL, 38 - AML) were examined at the stages of chemotherapy. Thecomparison group included 93 children without leukemia.

CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POLYMORPHISM OF ABO AND Rh BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS IN PLASMA CELL MYELOMA PATIENTS.

Unlabelled: Objective to study the peculiarities of clinical characteristics and polymorphism of ABO and Rh blood group systemsin relation to the natural history of plasma cell myeloma in the ChNPP accident survivors.

Materials And Methods: Peculiarities of the disease natural history were reviewed in the 111 plasma cell myeloma(PCM) patients receiving medical management at the Department of Radiation Oncohematology of the NRCRM dur-ing 2010-2017. Principal clinical and laboratory characteristics of PCM, namely the values/levels of LDH, β2-mic-roglobulin, albumin, serum calcium, urea, creatinine and hemoglobin were assessed, taking into account the gender,radiation history (ChNPP accident clean-up workers, evacuees from areas of obligatory resettlement, inhabitants ofcontaminated territories, and the comparison group) and the PCM stage codenamed by Durie-Salmon et al.

[Modern methods of evaluating the morphological and functional state of the eyelids in chronic blepharitis].

The article reviews the literature on methods of evaluating the morphological and functional state of the eyelids in chronic blepharitis. Development of methods continues together with further research on the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease.

[Intraoperative prevention of dacryocystitis relapse].

The article reviews the literature devoted to modern intraoperative methods of preventing cicatricial process at the site of dacryostoma after endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Despite the constant improvement of the surgery technique, complications in the postoperative period still occur. They include the formation of granulation tissue at the sites of dacryostoma, synechiae in the nasal cavity, or narrowing of the dacryostoma, which ultimately leads to a relapse of the disease.

[Morphological analysis of reparative process at osteotomy site after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy].

Unlabelled: Ostium closure due to local reparative processes is the most common cause of recurrence after endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), but as yet poorly studied.

Aim: To perform morphological study of reparative processes at osteotomy site after endoscopic endonasal DCR.

Material And Methods: The study included 18 patients (18 women) aged 62.

Features of endothelial dysfunction and morphofunctional changes of the uteroplacental complex in experimentally induced pre-eclampsia.

Background: Pre-eclampsia is considered to be a severe complication of pregnancy. Theoretical investigation of its etiology and pathogenesis, development of strategies for its prevention and treatment are conditioned by the development of appropriate experimental models of this pathology.

Methods: The study involved Wistar rat lines weighing 220-240g.

Effect of GABA derivatives on the rate of thrombus formation, platelet aggregation, and plasma coagulation capacity in rats with experimental gestosis.

Experimental gestosis induced by replacement of drinking water with 1.8% NaCl promoted hypercoagulation, increased the rate and degree of platelet aggregation, and reduced clotting time in pregnant females. GABA derivatives, compounds RGPU-151, RGPU-152, and phenibut normalized parameters of hemostasis and platelet aggregation and the rate of thrombus formation in the animals.

GABA derivatives citrocard and salifen reduce the intensity of experimental gestosis.

Substitution of drinking water with 1.8 % NaCl solution in pregnant female rats from day 1 of gestation until parturitions was followed by the development of experimental gestosis. Gestosis manifested in an increase in BP by 18.

[Five-year application experience of cytological method in dacryological practice].

The article presents the results of a long-term study on application of cytological examination in dacryology. A total of 194 patients (288 eyes) with dacryostenosis, dacryocystitis, and obliteration of lacrimal canaliculi orifices were assessed. Pathogenically oriented conservative treatment, in accordance with the results of clinical, instrumental, and cytological examination, was given to all patients with dacryostenosis.

[Effect of GABA derivative--RSMU-151 on the development of oxidative stress in rats with experimental gestosis].

Experimental gestosis induced in rats by drinking 1.8% sodium chloride solution instead of water during the entire period of pregnancy leads to activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) process, as manifested by increased concentration of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde, decreased concentration of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in homogenates of rat brain, liver, uterus, and placenta. The GABA derivatives--RSMU-151 limits the damaging effect of gestosis, which is manifested by a decrease in the concentration of LPO products and by activation of the antioxidant system enzymes in all organs studied.

[The value of cytologic investigation for postoperative assessment in patients with nasolacrimal obstruction].

Cytologic investigation was performed in patients with dacryocystitis after microscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy and in patients with lacrimal canaliculi orifice obstruction after microscopic endonasal canaliculocystorhinostomy. It allowed to monitor healing process, extubation time and to develop measures for prevention of dacryostoma cicatrisation.

Clinical implications of recognition of the hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome (HNPCC) for the early detection of colorectal cancer.

Unlabelled: Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC), also known as the Lynch syndrome or, previously, as the cancer family syndrome (CFS) is a recently defined autosomal cancer syndrome which is different from familial adenomatous polyposis and accounts for a considerable proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC). The main features of HNPCC include familial aggregation of CRC (either solely or combined with other, particularly gynaecological cancer sites- Lynch I or II, resp.), very frequent localization of the cancer in the right colon, a considerably lower age at the time of occurrence and a high risk of synchronous and metachronous tumours.

[Risk of development of colorectal carcinoma in patients with ulcerative colitis].

In patients with ulcerative colitis of prolonged duration and major extent there is according to the majority of investigations an increased risk of development of colorectal carcinoma; the magnitude of the risk which is of major importance for clinical practice, however, differs according to different authors. The present study comprises 189 patients with ulcerative colitis, 103 men and 86 women, perspectively followed up for a period of 12.5 years (8.

[Early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma in the familial carcinoma syndrome (Lynch I and II)].

The hereditary form of colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome, cancer family syndrome "nonpolyposis hereditary colorectal cancer"), which is different from familial adenomatous polyposis, represents probably 5-8% of the development of this malignancy. The main characteristics of the syndrome include an autosomal dominant hereditary type, frequent familial occurrence of colorectal cancer (either solely at this site--Lynch variant I--or in combination with other, particularly gynecological sites of cancer-Lynch variant II), younger age at the time of diagnosis, more frequent localization in the right colon and more frequent occurrence of synchronic and metachronic cancer. During the years 1982-1992, we found 339 asymptomatic members of families meeting the criteria of the syndrome.

[Significance of the detection of the familial carcinoma syndrome (Lynch I and II) in the early diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma].

In 1982-1991 at the Fourth Medical Clinic 309 asymptomatic family members meeting the criteria of the hereditary form of colorectal carcinoma (Lynch syndrome--syndrome of familial cancer, also "non-polypous" hereditary colorectal carcinoma) which differs from familial polyposis (adenomatosis) of the colon. The syndrome is characterized by autosomal dominant heredity and by familial incidence of colorectal carcinoma (Lynch I) or colorectal carcinoma and carcinoma of other, in particular gynaecological areas (Lynch II) and a younger age of the affected subjects, a more frequent localization in the right colon, synchronous and metachronous neoplasia. In the authors group 34% were type I, the remainder type II.

[The comparative effectiveness of serological and microbiological studies in the etiological diagnosis of reactive arthritis].

The information content of serological and microbiological studies was studied and compared in 72 patients suffering from enterogenous reactive arthritis. A high level of antibodies to intestinal Yersinia was detected in 11.1% of the patients, positive coproculture in 8.