The immune cells profiles of individuals with sulfur mustard-induced serious long-term respiratory complications.

Sulfur mustard (SM) induced pulmonary disorder is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled inflammatory immune responses. In this cross-sectional study carried out in Isfahan-Iran, our objective was to thoroughly evaluate the clinical health and peripheral blood leukocyte profiles of adult veterans exposed to SM 25-30 years. In total, 361 people were studied in two groups, 287 chemical veterans with pulmonary complications and 64 healthy individuals as a control group.

Design and fabrication of a microstrip triplexer with wide flat channels for multi-band 5G applications.

In this paper, a new microstrip triplexer is designed to work at 2.5 GHz, 4.4 GHz and 6 GHz for mid-band 5G applications.

Designing process and analysis of a new SOI-MESFET structure with enhanced DC and RF characteristics for high-frequency and high-power applications.

This research introduces a new designing process and analysis of an innovative Silicon-on-Insulator Metal-Semiconductor Field-Effect (SOI MESFET) structure that demonstrates improved DC and RF characteristics. The design incorporates several modifications to control and reduce the electric field concentration within the channel. These modifications include relocating the transistor channel to sub-regions near the source and drain, adjusting the position of the gate electrode closer to the source, introducing an aluminum layer beneath the channel, and integrating an oxide layer adjacent to the gate.

A new compact and low phase imbalance microstrip coupler for 5G wireless communication systems.

Microstrip couplers play a crucial role in signal processing and transmission in various applications, including RF and wireless communication, radar systems, and satellites. In this work, a novel microstrip 180° coupler is designed, fabricated and measured. The layout configuration of this coupler is completely new and different from the previously reported Rat-race, branch-line and directional couplers.

Contradictory Effect of Lymphocyte Therapy and Prednisolone Therapy on CD3CD8CD56 Natural Killer T Population in Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.

Background: Natural killer T (NKT) cells are influential immune cells in pregnancy failures, including recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Different approaches are used for these disorders due to their effects on maternal immunomodulation.

Aims: In the present study, we compared the effects of two typical immunotherapies (lymphocyte immunotherapy [LIT] and low-dose prednisolone) on CD3CD56CD16 and CD3CD56CD8 cells as two distinct subsets of NKT cells in Women with RSA.

A Super-Efficient GSM Triplexer for 5G-Enabled IoT in Sustainable Smart Grid Edge Computing and the Metaverse.

Global concerns regarding environmental preservation and energy sustainability have emerged due to the various impacts of constantly increasing energy demands and climate changes. With advancements in smart grid, edge computing, and Metaverse-based technologies, it has become apparent that conventional private power networks are insufficient to meet the demanding requirements of industrial applications. The unique capabilities of 5G, such as numerous connections, high reliability, low latency, and large bandwidth, make it an excellent choice for smart grid services.

A Dynamic Recurrent Neural Network for Predicting Higher Heating Value of Biomass.

The higher heating value (HHV) is the main property showing the energy amount of biomass samples. Several linear correlations based on either the proximate or the ultimate analysis have already been proposed for predicting biomass HHV. Since the HHV relationship with the proximate and ultimate analyses is not linear, nonlinear models might be a better alternative.

The tangled web of dyslipidemia and cancer: Is there any association?

Cancer is a primary cause of mortality around the world and imposes a significant physiological, psychological, and financial burden on patients. Lipids regulate cell cycle progression and affect cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Therefore, alterations in serum lipid levels might contribute to carcinogenesis.

Anti Leishmanial Effect of (Ovate) and White Vinegar on Lesion in BALB/c Mice.

Background: is the etiologic agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran, and glucantime injection is currently used for its treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-leishmanial effect of topical and white vinegar in infected BALB/c mice.

Methods: Thirty infected mice were divided into five groups as follows: Group 1: treated with the combination of ovata powder and white vinegar, Group 2: treated with glucantime, Group 3: treated with white vinegar, Group 4: treated with the combination of ovata powder and water, and Group 5: without any treatment.

Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Predictors: ABO Blood Groups in a Different Role.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a serious threat to people's health, with extremely high global morbidity, mortality, and disability rates. This study aimed to review the literature that examined the relationship between blood groups and CVD. Many studies have reported that non-O blood groups are associated with an increased risk and severity of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes.

Is the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio an Exceptional Indicator for Metabolic Syndrome Disease and Outcomes?

Objectives: To show that there is relation between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and metabolic syndrome and also, its components.

Findings: Metabolic syndrome is associated with elevated fasting blood glucose, increased blood pressure, central obesity, decreased high-density lipoprotein, and increased triglyceride levels. Because of its growing incidence and prevalence and the effect that it has on developing other noncommunicable diseases, the importance gets even more value.

Spermatozoa Induce Maternal Mononuclear Cells for Production of Antibody with Cytotoxic Activity on Paternal Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Objective: The maternal immune response to paternal antigens is induced at insemination. We believe that pregnancy protective alloantibodies, such as anti-paternal cytotoxic antibody (APCA), may be produced against the paternal antigens in the context of stimulated immunity at insemination and that they increase during pregnancy. APCA is necessary for pregnancy.

Alterations of Lipid Profile in COVID-19: A Narrative Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to over 100 million infections and over 3 million deaths worldwide. Understanding its pathogenesis is crucial to guide prognostic and therapeutic implications. Viral infections are known to alter the lipid profile and metabolism of their host cells, similar to the case with MERS and SARS-CoV-2002.

Progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) influences the expression of membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) on peripheral CD4 T lymphocyte cells in normal fertile females.

Purpose: Progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) is a protein secreted by lymphocytes exposed to progesterone (P4). P4 and PIBF have immunomodulatory effects on peripheral CD4 T cells during normal pregnancy. Membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs) may correlate with the immunomodulatory properties of P4 on T cells.

Comparison of high-flow oxygenation with noninvasive ventilation in COPD exacerbation: A crossover clinical trial.

Objectives: To compare the therapeutic effects of high-flow-oxygen-Therapy (HFT) and noninvasive-ventilation (NIV) for stabilizing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during exacerbation.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial at Masih-Daneshvari hospital, between July 2019 and Oct 2019, 30 exacerbated-COPD-patient with PaCO 64.58 ± 11.

Thyroid peroxidase in human endometrium and placenta: a potential target for anti-TPO antibodies.

Autoimmune thyroid disease is the most common endocrine disorder during pregnancy. Thyroid autoantibodies (TAs) have been suggested to serve a role in implantation failure and spontaneous abortion. Until now, there are no data on the potential interaction of TAs with human reproductive organs.

Producing Soluble Human Programmed Cell Death Protein-1: A Natural Supporter for CD4+T Cell Cytotoxicity and Tumor Cells Apoptosis.

Background: Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 pathway is one of the immune checkpoint pathways involved in the regulation of the immune responses and the suppression of anti-tumor defense. PD-1/PD-L1 blocking antibodies improve immune responses such as cytotoxic activity of CD8/CD4T cells and increase mortality of tumor cells as well; however, their use is accompanied by adverse side effects.

Objectives: We aimed to produce a native blocker of human PD-1/PD-L1, for developing T cells cytotoxicity and tumor cells apoptosis.

Decreased Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 Expression in Spermatozoa in Couples with Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (URSA).

Studies have shown that toll-like receptors (TLRs) play some important roles in reproductive processes such as ovulation, spermatogenesis, sperm capacitation, fertilization, and pregnancy to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the expression and role of these molecules and their impairment in spermatozoa; accompanied by pregnancy complications such as recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Therefore, this study investigates the alteration of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in spermatozoa in men whose spouse have unexplained RSA. Fifteen fertile couples and fifteen couples with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) were included in this study.

Optimization of Expansion and Activation of Human Natural Killer Cells against Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Background: Regarding to the increase of cancer deaths in recent years and disability of common therapies to eradicate cancers, as well as expansion of Natural Killer (NK) cell therapy, it seems so vital to find new useful therapies against cancers. Breast cancer is the second main cause of cancer death among women. As it is impossible for a majority of patients to receive NK cell therapy, an attempt was made to establish a low-cost and efficient method for expanding and activating NK cells against breast cancer cell line (MCF7).

Can the Decreased Expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class Ⅰ and Ⅱ by Spermatozoa Lead to Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion?

Background & Objective: Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is defined as an unknown cause of occurrence of three or more clinically detectable pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation, but it occurs presumably as a result of the immune system dysfunctions. We supposed that the disruption of semen or spermatozoa might be responsible for the dysfunction of the immune system in women with URSA. Semen and spermatozoa (as antigens) induce female reproductive tract (FRT) immunity.

NOX1 Regulates Collective and Planktonic Cell Migration: Insights From Patients With Pediatric-Onset IBD and NOX1 Deficiency.

Background: Genetic defects of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) provide critical insights into molecular factors controlling intestinal homeostasis. NOX1 has been recently recognized as a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human colonic epithelial cells. Here we assessed the functional consequences of human NOX1 deficiency with respect to wound healing and epithelial migration by studying pediatric IBD patients presenting with a stop-gain mutation in NOX1.

Gene expression analysis of membrane progesterone receptors in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion: a case control study.

Objective: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a condition which is defined as three consecutive pregnancy losses prior to 20 weeks from the last menstrual period. Progesterone is a steroid hormone that has an essential role in the implantation and maintenance of pregnancy. The progesterone signaling is performed by nuclear progesterone receptors (NPRs) and membrane progesterone receptors (mPR).

IL-12Rβ1 deficiency corresponding to concurrency of two diseases, mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease and Crohn's disease.

Background: The interleukin-12 receptor β1 (IL-12Rβ1) deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency (PID), affecting the immunological pathway of interleukin 12/interferon- γ (IL12/IFN-γ) axis and interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R). Defect in this pathway is mainly affecting the cellular immunity-related disorders. IL-12Rβ1 is a receptor chain of both the IL-12 and the IL-23 receptors and thus, deficiency of IL-12Rβ1 abolishes both IL-12 and IL-23 signaling.