The Effect of the Combination of Ginseng, Tribulus Terrestris, and L-arginine on the Sexual Performance of Men with Erectile Dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, parallel, and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objectives: Nitric oxide is the most important mediator of penile erection after the onset of sexual excitement. It activates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), increasing penile blood flow. Most pharmaceutical medications prevent enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) from breaking down cGMP, thus keeping its level high.

Hypertension medication from guidelines to practice: A cohort study in western Iran.

Purpose: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications in Kermanshah Province, west of Iran.

Methods: The Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study is the first Kurdish community-based study; subjects' age ranged from 35 to 65 years.

Inhibition of Methamphetamine-Induced Cytotoxicity in the U87-Cell Line by Atorvastatin-Conjugated Carbon Nanotubes.

In biological systems, carbon nanotubes can enhance the biological effects of drugs and reduce their side effects. Methamphetamine (METH) is a stimulant drug that induces cell death in various cell types, primarily neural cells. On the other hand, specific doses of atorvastatin (ATO) can stimulate cell growth and inhibit cell death in different cell lines.

Dual loading of oil-atorvastatin in chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose nanogel as a transdermal delivery system.

Both oil and atorvastatin possess anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties that benefit wound healing. In this work, chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose was loaded on oil to synthesize oil nanogel (ONG) which was later used to load with atorvastatin to obtain atorvastatin-oil nanogel (ATONG). Evaluation of the particle size of ONG and ATONG proved the average of 172 and 193 nm, and their surface charges were found to be 32.

Signal Transduction of Improving Effects of Ibudilast on Methamphetamine Induced Cell Death.

Objective: Interaction of methamphetamine and sigma (σ) receptors lead to up-regulation and activation of these receptors. The σ receptors induced apoptosis in some parts of the brain by increasing calcium, dopamine, ROS, mitochondrial pores and caspase activity. Ibudilast is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor and anti-inflammatory drug, which can decrease the inflammatory cytokines.

Shikonin Production by Callus Culture of as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient.

The objective of this research was germination and callus induction of () as a medicinal herb which belongs to Boraginaceae family. For germination, the seeds were cultured on growth regulator-free MS medium and for callus induction, seeds were sown on modified MS medium containing different concentrations of kinetin (kn)- Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kn- 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), respectively. The plates were maintained in the dark at growth chamber.

Preparation and characterization of pH-sensitive camptothecin-cis-aconityl grafted chitosan oligosaccharide nanomicelles.

Camptothecin (CPT) was introduced to water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide (CHO) using cis-aconityl (CA), as a pH-sensitive linker, to develop a new hydrophobic structure, i.e. CPTCACHO.

Preparation and clinical evaluation of Finastride gel in the treatment of idiopathic Hirsutism.

Objective: Hirsutism is the presence of excess terminal hairs in females in a male-like pattern. The most accepted hypothesis for the development of hirsutism is increased 5α-reductase activity in hair follicles of hirsute women. Finasteride partially blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone through inhibition of 5α-reductase in hair follicles.

Hydroxylation index of omeprazole in relation to CYP2C19 polymorphism and sex in a healthy Iranian population.

Background: Polymorphism of CYP2C19 gene is one of the important factors in pharmacokinetics of CYP2C19 substrates. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor which is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). The aim of present study was to assess omeprazole hydroxylation index as a measure of CYP2C19 activity considering new variant allele (CYP2C19*17) in Iranian population and also to see if this activity is sex dependent.

Ethno-pharmaceutical Formulations in Kurdish Ethno-medicine.

Kermanshah is a city in west of Iran with a specific customs and cultures between the people who are living here. According to historical documents these cultures are very ancient and belong to more than one thousand years. The climate condition in this place forces people to find the solution of their problems using the plants and natural facilities.

A Simple Sample Preparation with HPLC-UV Method for Estimation of Clomipramine from Plasma.

Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant. Different methods for determination of clomipramine hydrochloride in plasma have been described. Most of these procedures favor the use of acidic back-extraction in extraction procedure and HPLC as the analytical technique.