PI3K/Akt signaling in urological cancers: Tumorigenesis function, therapeutic potential, and therapy response regulation.

In addition to environmental conditions, lifestyle factors, and chemical exposure, aberrant gene expression and mutations involve in the beginning and development of urological tumors. Even in Western nations, urological malignancies are among the top causes of patient death, and their prevalence appears to be gender dependent. The prognosis for individuals with urological malignancies remains dismal and unfavorable due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatment methods.

Disparities in Emergency Department Waiting Times for Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Results From the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2009-2018.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess waiting time (WT) across different racial groups to determine whether racial disparities exist in patients presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) to the United States emergency departments (EDs).

Methods: Using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) from 2009 to 2018, we compared WT of patients with GIB across different racial/ethnic groups, including nonhispanic white (NHW), African American (AA), Hispanic White (HW), and Nonhispanic other. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to adjust the outcomes for possible confounders.

Exploring the Association Between Paralytic Ileus and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Complications Using the National Inpatient Sample Database.

Introduction Paralytic ileus (PI) is often seen in critically ill hospitalized patients. Those with pancreaticobiliary diseases will require endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for management. Here, we will explore the association between patients with paralytic ileus who underwent ERCP and post-procedural complications, which has not been done before.

In-Hospital Outcomes of Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in almost 25% of the Western population and is predicted to become one of the leading causes of end-stage liver disease. There is increasing evidence that NAFLD is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, specifically for coronary artery disease, via disruption of the metabolism of glucose and lipids in the body, leading to a state of systemic inflammation that promotes atherosclerosis. This study aims to explore outcomes in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with or without placement of drug-eluting stents (DES) to determine whether the concurrent diagnosis of NAFLD led to worse in-hospital outcomes.

Complications of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Previous Bariatric Surgery: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis, 2007-2013.

Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of obesity and weight-related diseases, but the anatomic changes after BS make endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) technically challenging. This study aims to assess the safety and clinical outcomes of ERCP in patients with previous BS.

Materials And Methods: The National Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2013 was queried for hospitalizations of adults over 18 years of age with procedure diagnoses of ERCP.

The impact of bariatric surgery on in-patient clinical outcomes among patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a form of liver inflammation in which immune cells target hepatocytes, inducing chronic inflammatory states. Bariatric surgery (BS) was shown to reduce inflammation in severely obese patients. We hypothesize that obese patients with AIH and BS have lower prevalence of liver-related complications and in-patient mortality compared to those without BS.

The New Jersey Bowel Preparation Scale: A More Objective and Detailed Scoring System for Screening Colonoscopies.

Goals: The goal of this study was to develop an objective and detailed scoring system to assess the quality of bowel preparation.

Background: The quality of bowel preparation impacts the success of the colonoscopy. We developed and compared a new bowel preparation scoring system, the New Jersey Bowel Preparation Scale (NJBPS), with existing systems that are limited by a lack of detail and objectivity in the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) and the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (OBPS).

Insights into organogelation and its kinetics from Hansen solubility parameters. Toward a priori predictions of molecular gelation.

Many small molecules can self-assemble by non-covalent interactions into fibrous networks and thereby induce gelation of organic liquids. However, no capability currently exists to predict whether a molecule in a given solvent will form a gel, a low-viscosity solution (sol), or an insoluble precipitate. Gelation has been recognized as a phenomenon that reflects a balance between solubility and insolubility; however, the distinction between these regimes has not been quantified in a systematic fashion.