Autonomous rhythmic activity in glioma networks drives brain tumour growth.

Diffuse gliomas, particularly glioblastomas, are incurable brain tumours. They are characterized by networks of interconnected brain tumour cells that communicate via Ca transients. However, the networks' architecture and communication strategy and how these influence tumour biology remain unknown.

Glioblastoma hijacks neuronal mechanisms for brain invasion.

Glioblastomas are incurable tumors infiltrating the brain. A subpopulation of glioblastoma cells forms a functional and therapy-resistant tumor cell network interconnected by tumor microtubes (TMs). Other subpopulations appear unconnected, and their biological role remains unclear.

Risk Factors for Development of Biliary Complications after Surgery for Solitary Liver Hydatid Cyst.

Biliary leakage (BL) is the most common cause of postoperative morbidity after conservative liver hydatid cyst surgery. The objective of this study was to determine incidence of BL and related risk factors in patients with solitary liver hydatid cyst who underwent conservative surgery. A total of 186 patients were included in this study.

Can isolated pancreaticojejunostomy reduce pancreas fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction?

Objective: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a surgical procedure which is commonly accepted in cases of ampulla of Vater, head of pancreas, distal common bile duct neoplasms and severe chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatic fistula is still a serious problem after reconstruction. Yet, there is no consensus on a single reconstruction method.

Comparison of 1869 thyroid ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsies between general surgeons and interventional radiologists.

Background: Thyroid nodules are commonly encountered problems in clinical practice. For patients who have a thyroid nodule, the fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the most important test, as it is the most reliable diagnostic method for distinguishing between benign thyroid nodules and cancerous nodules. FNAB is able to be performed either via an ultrasound (USG) or alone and is the first choice when it comes to diagnosing thyroid nodules, given that it is cheap, safe and provides accurate results.

The potential efficacy of Survanta (r) and Seprafilm (r) on preventing intra-abdominal adhesions in rats.

Purpose: To investigate the potential efficacy of beractant (Survanta(r)) and Seprafilm(r) on the prevention of postoperative adhesions.

Methods: Forty Wistar-albino female rats were used. The rats were randomly allocated into four groups of 10 rats each as control group (CG), beractant group (BG), Seprafilm(r) group (SG), and combined group (COG).

A Giant Aggressive Angiomyxoma of the Pelvis Misdiagnosed as Incarcerated Femoral Hernia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor that is mostly derived from the female pelvic and perineal regions. AA is a locally infiltrative slow growing tumor with a marked tendency to local recurrence. Painless swelling located around the genitofemoral region is the common symptom; thus, it is often misdiagnosed as a gynecological malignancy or a groin hernia.

Intra-abdominal Gossypiboma Revisited: Various Clinical Presentations and Treatments of this Potential Complication.

Gossypiboma is the term used to describe a retained non-absorbable surgical material that is composed of cotton matrix which leads to serious surgical complications for both patient and surgeon. Its incidence is not precisely known probably due to medico-legal importance of this potential complication. The condition may manifest either as asymptomatic or severe gastrointestinal complications.

The Effect of Platelet-Rich-Plasma on the Healing of Left Colonic Anastomosis in a Rat Model of Intra-Abdominal Sepsis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of colonic anastomosis in the presence of sepsis.

Materials And Method: Fifty Wistar-albino male rats were used. Ten healthy rats were euthanized to prepare PRP, the rest were subjected to colonic anastomosis and randomly allocated into four groups of 10 rats each as anastomosis without PRP (C), without PRP in sepsis (SC), anastomosis with PRP (C-PRP), and with PRP in sepsis (S-PRP).

Performance of venous port catheter insertion by a general surgeon: a prospective study.

As part of the vascular access procedures, venous ports, commonly referred to as catheters, are placed under the skin to enable safe and easy vascular access for administration of repeated drug treatments. 122 patients who had received a venous port catheter insertion procedure in the general surgery department between January 1012 and January 2014 were involved in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: those who had undergone a fluoroscopy (group 1) and those who had not undergone a fluoroscopy (group 2).

Evaluation of mean platelet volume as a diagnostic biomarker in acute appendicitis.

Background: Diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains to be challenging with up to 30% negative exploration rates. In addition to careful clinical history and physical examination, we still need easily applicable, cheap and effective biomarker.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective case-controlled study was designed in two groups, both containing 100 patients, acute appendicitis and control.

Evaluation of power Doppler sonography in acute cholecystitis to predict intraoperative findings: a prospective clinical study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of gray-scale and power Doppler sonography for acute cholecystitis and show a correlation between sonographic and intraoperative findings, quantitively.

Methods: Forty chronic and forty acute cholecystitis patients were examined. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed for acute cholecystitis.

The effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an animal model of ischemic colitis.

Objectives: Vardenafil enhances dilatation of vascular smooth muscle and inhibits platelet aggregation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an experimental model of ischemic colitis.

Methods: Forty female Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomized into five experimental groups (each with n = 8) as follows:1) a sham group subjected to a sham surgical procedure and administered only tap water; 2) a control group subjected to a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic colitis and administered only tap water; 3) and 4) treatment groups subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by the postoperative administration of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg vardenafil, respectively; and 5) a treatment group subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by postoperative administration of pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg/day per day as a single dose for a 3-day period.

Efficacy of pentoxifylline and tadalafil in rat model of ischemic colitis.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of tadalafil against pentoxifylline in rat model of ischemic colitis (IC).

Material-methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were subjected to laparotomy and left colon devascularization to create an IC model and then randomly placed into four groups. Group-1 (sham group) was administered 0.

Abolition of anti-adhesiogenic effect of heparin by protamine sulfate.

Objective: Intraabdominal adhesion is a frequently encountered condition after surgery and can end up in important complications. The objective of this study is to test whether the antiadhesiogenic effect of heparin could be antagonized by administration of protamine in a rat model.

Material And Methods: A laparotomy with caecal abrasion model was used in 40 Wistar rats.

Diagnostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 in colorectal cancer.

Background: Since the first introduction of tumour markers, their usefulness for diagnosis has been a challenging question. The aim of the present prospective study was to investigate, in colorectal cancer patients, the relationship between preoperative tumour marker concentrations and various clinical variables.

Methods: The study prospectively enrolled 131 consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma and 131 age- and sex-matched control subjects with no malignancy.

Alvarado, Eskelinen, Ohhmann and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis scores for diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Aim: To assess the reliability and practical applicability of the widely used Alvarado, Eskelinen, Ohhmann and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scoring systems in patients with suspected acute appendicitis.

Methods: Patients admitted to our tertiary center due to suspected acute appendicitis constituted the study group. Patients were divided into two groups.

Accuracy of surgeon-performed gallbladder ultrasound in identification of acute cholecystitis.

Background: Acute cholecystitis is a common cause of emergency hospital admission. Ultrasonography (US) plays a significant role in the prompt diagnosis of this medical condition. However, it is difficult to find a radiologist in attendance for performing gallbladder US "beyond daytime and on weekends.

Superiority of ceftriaxon to cefazolin in a rat model of obstructive jaundice: an experimental study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum and bile concentrations of cefazolin and ceftriaxone at the third and sixth hours in an experimental obstructive jaundice model and to identify the rate of excretion of these antibiotics into the bile.

Material And Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The bile and serum levels of cefazolin were measured at the third hour in the A1 group and at the sixth hour in the A2 group, with cefazolin administered as 5 mg/rat; while the bile and serum levels of ceftriaxone were studied at the third hour in the B1 group and at the sixth hour in the B2 group, with ceftriaxone administered as 5 mg/rat.

In vitro effects of famotidine and ranitidine on lower esophageal sphincter tone in rats.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the H2 receptor antagonists famotidine and ranitidine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure in the rat isolated lower esophageal sphincter preparation contracted with carbachol.

Materials And Methods: Lower esophageal sphincter tissues of eight rats for each group were placed in a standard organ bath. After contraction with carbachol, freshly prepared famotidine and ranitidine were added directly to the tissue bath in cumulatively increasing concentrations.

Assessment of disgust sensitivity in children with an age-downward version of the Disgust Emotion Scale.

The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Disgust Emotion Scale for Children (DES-C). Principal components analysis of the DES-C data revealed five factors reflecting disgust toward (a) rotting foods, (b) injection and blood, (c) odors, (d) mutilation and death, and (e) animals, which were largely in keeping with the intended subscales. The DES-C showed good reliability, excellent convergent validity (as established by correlations with an alternative self-report index of disgust), fairly good predictive validity (as assessed by correlations with measures of fear/anxiety and a behavioral index of disgust), and acceptable parent-child agreement (in particular with the mothers).

Repair of an extensive iatrogenic tracheal rupture with a pleural patch and a vascular graft.

Here we describe a 48-year-old woman who suffered a 7-cm rupture in the lower trachea after intubation with a double-lumen tube. We repaired the rupture with a new technique using a pleural patch reinforced by a ringed vascular graft. This technique appears to be appropriate for use in patients who have large tracheal ruptures to avoid tracheal stenosis.