A Case of Urinary Bladder Malakoplakia in a Young French Bulldog: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Issues.

A 3-month-old female French Bulldog presented with hematuria, severe pollakiuria, and urinary incontinence lasting for 1.5 months. Broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were initiated by the referring veterinarian.

A case of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in a horse.

Objective: To describe a case of lipogranulomatous conjunctivitis in a horse.

Animal Studied: A client-owned 12-year-old Standardbred gelding presenting with chronic conjunctivitis and palpebral masses.

Methods: Complete ophthalmic examination, surgical excision, histopathology, and bacterial culture of biopsy samples were performed.

A case of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia associated with fungal colonisation: endoscopic features, treatment and follow-up.

Case Summary: A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 3-month history of weight loss, chronic diarrhoea and vomiting. Examination revealed a large proximal duodenal lesion eventually diagnosed as feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) associated with fungal filaments. Histological examination was performed following endoscopic biopsy.

Uterine issues in infertile queens: Nine cases.

This prospective case series investigated potential uterine causes of infertility in queens. Purebred queens with infertility (failure to conceive, embryonic death, or failure to maintain pregnancy and produce viable kittens), but no other reproductive disorders were examined approximately 1-8 weeks before mating (Visit 1), 21 days after mating (Visit 2), and 45 days after mating (Visit 3) if pregnant at Visit 2. Investigations included vaginal cytology and bacteriology, urine bacteriology, and ultrasonography.

and sp.: An Original Association in an Immunosuppressed Dog with Persistent Skin Lesions.

Dogs and cats may suffer from a variety of diseases, mainly immune mediated, that require the administration of immunosuppressive drugs. Such therapies can cause adverse effects either by the toxicity of the drugs or as a consequence of immune suppression and associated opportunistic infections. Here we present an, yet unknown, association of and fungus, within cutaneous lesions in a dog under long-term immunosuppressive therapy.

A In-Frame Deletion in a Chihuahua with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of heterogeneous, rare diseases affecting the connective tissues. The main clinical signs of EDS are skin hyperextensibility, joint hypermobility, and skin fragility. Currently, the classification of EDS in humans distinguishes 13 clinical subtypes associated with variants in 20 different genes, reflecting the heterogeneity of this set of diseases.

Imaging features of retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas in 10 dogs.

Retroperitoneal paragangliomas are rare tumors of the neuroendocrine system. Only a few canine case reports are available with rare descriptions of their imaging features. The objectives of this multi-center, retrospective case series study were to describe the diagnostic imaging features of confirmed retroperitoneal paragangliomas and specify their location.

Clinical, surgical, and pathological findings in client-owned rabbits with histologically confirmed appendicitis: 19 cases (2015-2019).

Objective: To report clinical, surgical, and pathological findings in client-owned rabbits with histologically confirmed appendicitis.

Animals: 19 rabbits.

Procedures: Medical records for client-owned rabbits that had a histologic diagnosis of appendicitis were reviewed.

Spontaneous mouse lymphoma in patient-derived tumor xenografts: The importance of systematic analysis of xenografted human tumor tissues in preclinical efficacy trials.

Patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) is now largely recognized as a key preclinical model for cancer research, mimicking patient tumor phenotype and genotype. Immunodeficient mice, well-known to develop spontaneous lymphoma, are required for PDX growth. As for all animal models used for further clinical translation, a robust experimental design is strongly required to lead to conclusive results.

[Long-term follow-up of a multimodally managed pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a cat].

The present case describes the treatment of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma in a 13-year-old female sterilized European domestic cat, using lung lobectomy and -accompanying mitoxantrone chemotherapy. Six, 14, 19 and 27 months after the initial treatment tomodensitometric and radiographic examinations showed no abnormalities. However, the cat had to be euthanized 27 months after the lung lobectomy due to a soft tissue sarcoma in the interscapular area.

STAT5a/b Deficiency Delays, but does not Prevent, Prolactin-Driven Prostate Tumorigenesis in Mice.

The canonical prolactin (PRL) Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 5 pathway has been suggested to contribute to human prostate tumorigenesis via an autocrine/paracrine mechanism. The probasin (Pb)-PRL transgenic mouse models this mechanism by overexpressing PRL specifically in the prostate epithelium leading to strong STAT5 activation in luminal cells. These mice exhibit hypertrophic prostates harboring various pre-neoplastic lesions that aggravate with age and accumulation of castration-resistant stem/progenitor cells.

Combined and Extracts (WS 1541) Exert Anti-proliferative and Anti-inflammatory Effects in a Mouse Model of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.

WS 1541 is a phytopharmaceutical drug combination containing a lipophilic extract from fruits of (WS 1473) and an aqueous ethanolic extract from roots of (WS 1031). It is approved in several countries worldwide for the treatment of lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS) linked to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this unique combination in the treatment of BPH-related LUTS.

NIPAL4 deletion identified in an American Bully with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis and response to topical therapy.

Ichthyoses represent a heterogeneous group of hereditary cornification disorders characterized by generalized scaling of the skin. An autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) has been described in American Bulldogs and is caused by a variant in the NIPAL4 gene encoding for the ICHTHYIN protein. So far, this variant has not been described in other breeds.

Leiomyoma in the nasal cavity of a dog.

A 7-year-old, 34-kg, neutered male Labrador retriever was presented with a 1-year history of intermittent sneezing with occasional left-sided epistaxis. CT revealed a mass in the left nasal cavity. Histopathological analysis of rhinoscopy-guided tissue biopsies was consistent with chronic necrotic and ulcerative rhinitis.

A histopathological classification system of Tyr::NRAS murine melanocytic lesions: A reproducible simplified classification.

Genetically engineered mouse models offer essential opportunities to investigate the mechanisms of initiation and progression in melanoma. Here, we report a new simplified histopathology classification of mouse melanocytic lesions in Tyr::NRAS derived models, using an interactive decision tree that produces homogeneous categories. Reproducibility for this classification system was evaluated on a panel of representative cases of murine melanocytic lesions by pathologists and basic scientists.

Bone haemophilic pseudotumour of the ulna: A rare complication of haemophilia in a dog.

Objectives: This case report describes for the first time a bone haemophilic pseudotumour in a dog.

Case Description: A seven-month-old German Shepherd male dog was presented with the complaint of a forelimb weight-bearing lameness with major swelling that expanded dramatically after fine needle aspiration. Radiographs showed a large, well-defined ulnar diaphyseal cystic-like osteolytic lesion.

Survival times for cats with hyperthyroidism treated with a 3.35 mCi iodine-131 dose: a retrospective study of 96 cases.

Objectives Radioiodine (I) dose determination using radiotracer kinetic studies or scoring systems, and fixed relatively high I dose (ie, 4 or 5 mCi) administration, are effective and associated with prolonged survival times for hyperthyroid cats. The latter method is less complicated but could expose patients and veterinary personnel to unnecessary levels of radiation. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of a fixed 3.

RACK1 cooperates with NRAS to promote melanoma in vivo.

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer. RACK1 (Receptor for activated protein kinase C) protein was proposed as a biological marker of melanoma in human and domestic animal species harboring spontaneous melanomas. As a scaffold protein, RACK1 is able to coordinate the interaction of key signaling molecules implicated in both physiological cellular functions and tumorigenesis.

Vitamin D3 Prevents Calcium-Induced Progression of Early-Stage Prostate Tumors by Counteracting TRPC6 and Calcium Sensing Receptor Upregulation.

Active surveillance has emerged as an alternative to immediate treatment for men with low-risk prostate cancer. Accordingly, identification of environmental factors that facilitate progression to more aggressive stages is critical for disease prevention. Although calcium-enriched diets have been speculated to increase prostate cancer risk, their impact on early-stage tumors remains unexplored.

Comparison of 3 Handling Techniques for Endoscopically Obtained Gastric and Duodenal Biopsy Specimens: A Prospective Study in Dogs and Cats.

Background: Limited evidence exists in the literature regarding whether a specific mount is preferable to use for processing endoscopically obtained gastrointestinal biopsy specimens.

Hypothesis/objectives: To compare 3 methods of handling endoscopically obtained gastrointestinal biopsy specimens from collection to laboratory processing and to determine if any technique produced superior results.

Animals: Twenty-three dogs and cats presented for gastrointestinal signs.

Haplosufficiency of PAX3 for melanoma development in Tyr: NRASQ61K; Cdkn2a-/- mice allows identification and sorting of melanoma cells using a Pax3GFP reporter allele.

The role of the Pax3 gene in embryonic development of pigment cells is well characterized. By contrast, the function of Pax3 in melanoma development is controversial. Indeed, data obtained from cultured cells suggest that PAX3 may contribute to melanomagenesis.

Non-Bragg-gap solitons in one-dimensional Kerr-metamaterial Fibonacci heterostructures.

A detailed study of non-Bragg-gap solitons in one-dimensional Kerr-metamaterial quasiperiodic Fibonacci heterostructures is performed. The transmission coefficient is numerically obtained by combining the transfer-matrix formalism in the metamaterial layers with a numerical solution of the nonlinear differential equation in the Kerr slabs, and by considering the loss effects in the metamaterial slabs. A switching from states of no transparency in the linear regime to high-transparency states in the nonlinear regime is observed for both zero-order and plasmon-polariton gaps.

Metric-signature topological transitions in dispersive metamaterials.

The metric signature topological transitions associated with the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a dispersive metamaterial with frequency-dependent and anisotropic dielectric and magnetic responses are examined in the present work. The components of the reciprocal-space metric tensor depend upon both the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of the metamaterial, which are taken as Drude-like dispersive models. A thorough study of the frequency dependence of the metric tensor is presented which leads to the possibility of topological transitions of the isofrequency surface determining the wave dynamics inside the medium, to a diverging photonic density of states at some range of frequencies, and to the existence of large wave vectors' modes propagating through the metamaterial.