Neonatal mortality in 2001-2017 in France: A cause-specific and spatiotemporal analysis.

Background: In France, the infant mortality rate had a long period of decline, but it stopped decreasing after 2010 and then rose. Neonatal mortality is a large part of infant mortality. The aim of this study was thus to describe its main changes, by cause of death and gestational age, and the main changes in socio-spatial distribution, from 2001 to 2017.

Think-Aloud Testing of a Companion App for Colonoscopy Exams: Usability Study.

Background: Colonoscopies, are vital for initial screening, follow-ups, surveillance of neoplasia, and assessing symptoms like rectal bleeding. Successful colonoscopies require thorough colon preparation, but up to 25% fail due to poor preparation. This can lead to longer procedures, repeat colonoscopies, inconvenience, poorer health outcomes, and higher costs.

Economic analysis of the use of the Flt-1/PlGF preeclampsia ratio compared to the standard of care in Uruguay.

Objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancyrelated hypertensive disorder that can lead to severe complications and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This study aimed to estimate the economic impact of integrating the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio into Uruguay's healthcare system as part of routine clinical practice for diagnosing.

Material And Methods: A decision tree model was used to estimate the annual economic impact on the Uruguayan healthcare system for a hypothetical cohort of women with suspected PE.

Cicchetti's organizational-developmental perspective of Down syndrome: Contributions to the emergence of developmental psychopathology and the study of persons with neurodevelopmental conditions.

Dante Cicchetti's earliest work, his studies of social-emotional development in infants and children with Down syndrome, set the stage for the emergence of the larger field of developmental psychopathology. By applying basic developmental principles, methodologies, and questions to the study of persons with Down syndrome, Dante took on the challenge of searching for patterns in atypical development. In doing so, he extended traditional developmental theory and introduced a more "liberal" approach that both continues to guide developmentally based research with persons with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs), including Down syndrome.

Development and Optimization of a Bladder Cancer Algorithm Using SEER-Medicare Claims Data.

Purpose: Categorizing patients with cancer by their disease stage can be an important tool when conducting administrative claims-based studies. As claims databases frequently do not capture this information, algorithms are increasingly used to define disease stage. To our knowledge, to date, no study has used an algorithm to categorize patients with bladder cancer (BC) by disease stage (non-muscle-invasive BC [NMIBC], muscle-invasive BC [MIBC], or locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma [la/mUC]) in a US-based health care claims database.

Heat Exposure and Cause-Specific Hospital Admissions in Spain: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: More frequent and intense exposure to extreme heat conditions poses a serious threat to public health. However, evidence on the association between heat and specific diagnoses of morbidity is still limited. We aimed to comprehensively assess the short-term association between cause-specific hospital admissions and high temperature, including the added effect of temperature variability and heat waves and the effect modification by humidity and air pollution.

Automated ELISA for potency measurements of therapeutic antibodies and antibody fragments.

Potency assays are essential for the development and quality control of biopharmaceutical drugs, but they are often a time limiting factor due to manual handling steps and consequently low analytical throughput. On the other hand, automation of potency assays can be challenging due to their complexity and the use of biological materials. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is widely used for potency determination and is a good candidate for automation as all ELISA types depend on the same basic steps: coating, blocking, sample incubation, detection, and signal measurement.

Ambient temperature and risk of cardiovascular and respiratory adverse health outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study from Spain.

Aims: We assessed the association of temperature and temperature variability with cause-specific emergency hospitalizations and mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Spain, as well as the effect modification of this association by individual and contextual factors.

Methods And Results: We collected data on health (hospital admissions and mortality), weather (temperature and relative humidity), and relevant contextual indicators for 48 Spanish provinces during 2004-2019. The statistical analysis was separately performed for the summer (June-September) and winter (December-March) seasons.

Ambient temperature and seasonal variation in inpatient mortality from respiratory diseases: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The seasonal fluctuation in mortality and hospital admissions from respiratory diseases, with a winter peak and a summer trough, is widely recognized in extratropical countries. However, little is known about the seasonality of inpatient mortality and the role of ambient temperature remains uncertain. We aimed to analyse the association between ambient temperature and in-hospital mortality from respiratory diseases in the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona, Spain.

Drivers of the time-varying heat-cold-mortality association in Spain: A longitudinal observational study.

Background: A number of studies have reported reductions in mortality risk due to heat and cold over time. However, questions remain about the drivers of these adaptation processes to ambient temperatures. We aimed to analyse the demographic and socioeconomic drivers of the downward trends in vulnerability to heat- and cold-related mortality observed in Spain during recent decades (1980-2018).

Oxytocin system polymorphisms rs237887 and rs2740210 variants increase the risk of depression in pregnant women with early abuse.

Prepartum depression is associated with early adversity, pregnancy complications, preterm delivery, postpartum depression, and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment. The oxytocin (OXT) system is affected by early adverse experiences and has been associated with depression. In the current study, we investigated risk factors for prenatal depressive symptoms, mainly the effects of early childhood and adolescence trauma, in combination with the presence of certain variants of polymorphisms of OXT and OXT receptor (OXTR) genes.

Elevating community-driven socioecological participation and action: A case study with Black youth.

Context is important when considering how racism acts to harm Black youth. Hence, social scientists developed socioecological theories that consider both the individual and the context(s) which shapes them. We used these theories to make sense of the challenges facing Black youth and identify points for intervention.

Genetic variation in cis-regulatory domains suggests cell type-specific regulatory mechanisms in immunity.

Studying the interplay between genetic variation, epigenetic changes, and regulation of gene expression is crucial to understand the modification of cellular states in various conditions, including immune diseases. In this study, we characterize the cell-specificity in three key cells of the human immune system by building cis maps of regulatory regions with coordinated activity (CRDs) from ChIP-seq peaks and methylation data. We find that only 33% of CRD-gene associations are shared between cell types, revealing how similarly located regulatory regions provide cell-specific modulation of gene activity.

Trajectory of glycated haemoglobin over time, using real-world data, in type 2 diabetes patients with obesity on a U-100 basal-bolus insulin regimen.

Aims: To identify patient clusters with poor glucose control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with obesity who are receiving basal-bolus insulin and to identify the potential therapeutic inertia factors associated with poor control.

Methods: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories across a 3-year period were structured at 6-month intervals for a retrospective cohort of T2DM patients with obesity on basal-bolus insulin from the Veterans' Health Administration database. Based on each patient's longitudinal HbA1c features, an unsupervised clustering procedure was used to determine the numbers of clusters and associated trajectory patterns.

Prevalence of renal and bone risk factors among individuals prescribed oral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV.

Objectives: The only available oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens approved in the United States to prevent HIV infection during the period covered by this study were emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF) and emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF). Both agents have similar efficacy, however F/TAF exhibits improved bone and renal health safety endpoints over F/TDF. In 2021, the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommended individuals have access to the most medically appropriate PrEP regimen.