The impact of traumatic brain injury on inhibitory control processes assessed using a delayed antisaccade task.

It has been well established that traumatic brain injury (TBI) can affect cognitive function such as attention, working memory and executive functions. In the present study, we further investigated TBI-related changes in cognitive functions by investigating the ability to reorient visuospatial attention using a modified antisaccade task. Performing an antisaccade requires disengaging attention, inhibiting a reflexive saccade, and then engaging attention to execute a voluntary saccade in a direction opposite to a peripheral target.

Changes in the components of visual attention following traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on visual attention and whether different components and processes of visual attention (such as selective, sustained, divided, and covert orientation of visual attention) are affected following brain injury.

Methods: A literature search between January 1980 to May 2021 was conducted using Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases was undertaken for studies that assessed visual attention using different tasks that target specific or multiple components of visual attention. Three hundred twenty-nine potentially relevant articles were identified, and 20 studies met our inclusion criteria.

Evaluating the extent of change in near point of convergence in traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes significant impact on visual system. This study reports the impact of TBI on the near point of convergence (NPC) measure in individuals with mild TBI.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted for studies that quantified NPC changes in mild TBI.

Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements as a Biomarker for Mild Concussion within 7-Days of Injury.

Aim: Deficits in smooth-pursuit eye movements (SPEM) are often associated with mild traumatic brain injury(TBI). Eye tracking tests serve as a quick objective clinical tool to assess such predictive visual tracking. In this study, SPEM was assessed along circular, horizontal and vertical trajectories in adolescents with concussion and age-matched controls.

Visuospatial Attention Allocation as an Indicator of Cognitive Deficit in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is defined by changes in brain function resulting from external forces acting on the brain and is typically characterized by a host of physiological and functional changes such as cognitive deficits including attention problems. In the present study, we focused on the effect of TBI on the ability to allocate attention in vision (i.e.

Visual profile of acquired brain injury in Indian cohort: a retrospective study.

Objective: With the increasing global prevalence of acquired brain injury (ABI), the burden of visual problems as a sequelae to ABI is on the rise. This study reports the visual profile of patients with ABI seen in Neuro-Optometry Clinic (NOC) at a tertiary eye-care center in Southern India.

Methods: A retrospective study was carried out between January 2014 and December 2015.

Reading eye movements in traumatic brain injury.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to measure the reading eye movements in subjects with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using ReadAlyzer. ReadAlyzer is an objective eye movement recording device that tracks the eye movements while reading.

Methods: Reading eye movements were measured using ReadAlyzer in 30 subjects with TBI (mild, moderate and severe) who had binocular vision and reading related symptoms and 60 asymptomatic controls.

Deficits in saccades and smooth-pursuit eye movements in adults with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To conduct a review of literature and quantify the effect that traumatic brain injury (TBI) has on oculomotor functions (OM).

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted from papers that objectively measured saccades and smooth-pursuit eye movements in mild and severe TBI.

Results: The overall impact of TBI on OM functions was moderate and significant with an effect size of 0.

Changes in stimulus and response AC/A ratio with vision therapy in Convergence Insufficiency.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the stimulus and response Accommodative Convergence to Accommodation (AC/A) ratio following vision therapy (VT) in Convergence Insufficiency (CI).

Methods: Stimulus and response AC/A ratio were measured on twenty five CI participants, pre and post 10 sessions of VT. Stimulus AC/A ratio was measured using the gradient method and response AC/A ratio was calculated using modified Thorington technique with accommodative responses measured using WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor.

Natural history of idiopathic abducens nerve paresis in a young adult.

The natural history of idiopathic abducens nerve paresis and the role of conservative management such as vision training during the recovery process is not well documented in the literature to the best of our knowledge. This case report presents the natural recovery process of idiopathic abducens nerve paresis in a young adult and the role of vision therapy in the recovery process.

Application of real time polymerase chain reaction targeting kex 1 gene & its comparison with the conventional methods for rapid detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in clinical specimens.

Background & Objectives: As there are no standard laboratory techniques for the rapid detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in India, this study was undertaken to evaluate and establish an optimal and rapid technique for the detection of P. jirovecii by comparing three different techniques - staining technique, application of a real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting kex 1 gene and application of nested PCR targeting mitochondrial large subunit (mtLSU) gene for rapid detection of P. jirovecii in HIV positive patients.

Acute adult onset comitant esotropia associated with accommodative spasm.

Purpose: Acute onset comitant esotropia associated with spasm of accommodation in children and adults is a rare clinical condition. When occurring with pupillary miosis and restricted ocular motility, it is referred to as "spasm of near reflex" (SNR) and may require neurological investigation. The natural history of SNR depends on its etiology.