Inhibition of nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells and cytokines IL-1β in osteoarthritis rat models of 70 % ethanol extract of (L.) merr stems.

Introduction: One of the most frequent types of arthritis is osteoarthritis, also referred to as a degenerative joint disease. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nitric oxide (NO) are essential factors in the pain response; IL-1β and NO are responsible for increasing the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMS) in chondrocytes. (L.

Comparative Study of Liposomal and Ethosomal Formulations of Curcuma heyneana Rhizome Extract in a Transdermal Delivery System.

Aim: This study aimed to develop an anti-aging nanoformulation with Curcuma heyneana extract as bioactive substance.

Background: Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zipj extract has been proven in previous research to have antioxidant, anti-ageing, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing properties, which makes it a potential bioactive material for anti-ageing and sunscreen cosmetic products. Phytoantioxidants need to penetrate into deeper skin layers to ensure effectivity.

Effects of (mill.) urb. bulb extract on mice glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis models.

Background: Low bone mass accompanied by microarchitectural alterations in the bone that cause fragility fractures is known as secondary osteoporosis and occurs when there is an underlying condition or medication present. Eleutherine bulbosa bulb extract has been shown to affect bone because of its content, which can help osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoclast differentiation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of 70% ethanol extract of Bulbs (EBE) from Pasuruan-East Java on blood calcium levels, osteoblast cell count, and bone density of trabecular femur in osteoporosis rats.

Antiosteoarthritis activities of 70% ethanol extract of (mill.) urb. bulb on rats monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint situation that induces pain and disability in the elderly. Traditionally, bulb from Pasuruan, East Java, is used to treat many diseases, also as an anti-inflammatory.

Objective: In this research, we employed an model to examine the effects of 70% ethanol extracts of (EBE) on the progression and development of OA.

Malignant mesothelioma tumours: molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapies accompanying clinical studies.

The pathetic malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a extremely uncommon and confrontational tumor that evolves in the mesothelium layer of the pleural cavities (inner lining- visceral pleura and outer lining- parietal pleura), peritoneum, pericardium, and tunica vaginalis and is highly resistant to standard treatments. In mesothelioma, the predominant pattern of lesions is a loss of genes that limit tumour growth. Despite the worldwide ban on the manufacture and supply of asbestos, the prevalence of mesothelioma continues to increase.

The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-Iβ alteration by deer () antler extract on osteoarthritis rat model.

Osteoarthritis is a disease associated with articular cartilage degradation, intra-articular area inflammation, and subchondral bone replacement. Cytokine IL-1β has a prominent function in the inflammations process that passes in the joints. The 70% ethanol extracts of deer antler (250 and 500 mg/kg BW) and glucosamine sulfate (250 kg/BW) were evaluated for four weeks in reducing cytokine IL-1β to rat model OA-induced Monosodium iodoacetate.

Advances in Hybrid Vesicular-based Drug Delivery Systems: Improved Biocompatibility, Targeting, Therapeutic Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Anticancer Drugs.

Anticancer drugs and diagnostics can be transported in nanoscale vesicles that provide a flexible platform. A hybrid nanoparticle, a nano assembly made up of many types of nanostructures, has the greatest potential to perform these two activities simultaneously. Nanomedicine has shown the promise of vesicular carriers based on lipopolymersomes, lipid peptides, and metallic hybrid nano-vesicle systems.

Molecular Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer with an Emphasis on Recent Advances in Biomarkers, as Well as Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious disease that affects millions of people throughout the world, despite considerable advances in therapy. The formation of colorectal adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas is the consequence of a succession of genetic and epigenetic changes in the normal colonic epithelium. Genetic and epigenetic processes associated with the onset, development, and metastasis of sporadic CRC have been studied in depth, resulting in identifying biomarkers that might be used to predict behaviour and prognosis beyond staging and influence therapeutic options.

Mucormycosis in Indian COVID-19 Patients: Insight into Its Patho-Genesis, Clinical Manifestation, and Management Strategies.

Mucormycosis in patients who have COVID-19 or who are otherwise immunocompromised has become a global problem, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Infection is debilitating and fatal, leading to loss of organs and emotional trauma. Radiographic manifestations are not specific, but diagnosis can be made through microscopic examination of materials collected from necrotic lesions.

Nanotechnology Integration for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnosis and Treatment: An Approach to Preventing Pandemic.

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak is the COVID-19 disease, which has caused massive health devastation, prompting the World Health Organization to declare a worldwide health emergency. The corona virus infected millions of people worldwide, and many died as a result of a lack of particular medications. The current emergency necessitates extensive therapy in order to stop the spread of the coronavirus.

estrogen receptor alpha antagonist studies and toxicity prediction of leaves bioactive ethyl acetate fraction.

The estrogen hormone dependent accounts for a major cause in the incidence of women breast cancer. Thus, their receptor, especially the estrogen receptor α (ER-α), is becoming a target in endocrine treatment. These ligand-inducible nuclear functions are regulated by an array of phytochemical and synthetic compounds, such as 17 β-estradiol and tamoxifen (4-hydroxytamoxifen [4OHT]).

Synthesis, ADMET predictions, molecular docking studies, and anticancer activity of some benzoxazines against A549 human lung cancer cells.

Objectives: This study aims to synthesize a series of benzoxazines (-) to be examined as an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor by study. The overexpression of EGFR causes the growth of normal lung cells to become uncontrollable, which may lead to cancer formation. We also conducted the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretions and toxicity (ADMET) properties evaluation and also examined anticancer assay on human lung cancer cells line, which is A549.

Exploration of several plants from Baung Forest on bone formation cell models.

Objectives: Osteoporosis is an ailment described by a skeletal degradation of bone skeletal dominating to increases the chance of fracture. In order to find out the bone formation agents from Baung Forest plants, this research analyzed the effects of 96% ethanol extract of several plants from Baung Forest on antioxidant activity and the effect of osteoblast differentiation-related to the bone formation on the most potent extract.

Methods: The antioxidant effect and osteoblast differentiation of 96% ethanol extracts were evaluated by measuring DPPH scavenging and alkaline phosphatase in -nitrophenyl phosphate effects by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader method, respectively.

Effect of pericarp extract on glial NF-κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese-type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an age-related disease associated with cerebral inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. pericarp (GMP) possesses antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GMP extract on cerebral inflammation in Wistar rats with T2DM by examining the expression levels of glial nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).

The effect of deer antler from East Kalimantan to increase trabecular bone density and calcium levels in serum on osteoporotic mice.

Objectives: Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (dexamethasone) is a primary cause of secondary osteoporosis by the decreasing formation and increasing resorption activities. Previously, the study showed that 70% ethanol and aqueous extract of deer antler have increased alkaline phosphatase in osteoblast cell that known as marker of bone formation. The mind of this study is to analyze the effect of deer antlers in increasing the bone trabecular density of osteoporosis-induced male mice.

The Effect of Antler Deer Extracts from East Kalimantan in Bone Turnover Cell Models.

Objectives: Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by skeletal degradation of osseous tissue resulting in an escalated chance of broken bones. Traditionally, horn from East Kalimantan is used to treat many diseases, including conditions associated with bone turnover. The aim of the present research was to analyze the effects of 70% ethanol and aqueous extracts of antler's horn from East Kalimantan on nitric oxide inhibition, osteoblast differentiation, and mineralization related to bone turnover.

Firmosides A and B: two new sucrose ferulates from the aerial parts of Silene firma and evaluation of radical scavenging activities.

Two new tri-ferulates of sucrose, firmosides A and B (1 and 2, respectively), together with 18 known compounds (3-20), were isolated from the aerial parts of Silene firma. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and high-resolution electro-spray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

New Methyl Threonolactones and Pyroglutamates of (L.) L. and Their Bone Formation Activities.

In our continuing research for bioactive constituents from natural resources, a new methyl threonolactone glucopyranoside (), a new methyl threonolactone fructofuranoside (), 2 new pyroglutamates ( and ), and 10 known compounds (-) were isolated from the whole plant of (L.) L. The structures of these compounds were determined based on various spectroscopic and chemical analyses.

Bio-selective hormonal breast cancer cytotoxic and antioxidant potencies of L. wild type leaves.

L. is used widely in traditional medicine for local or systemic ailments. Although studies exist on phytochemicals and potencies of Chinese and Indian cultivars of , the present study investigated antioxidant properties of wild type and its cytotoxicity against T47D cell.

Anti-aging properties of Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zipj: A scientific approach to its use in Javanese tradition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Temu giring, the rhizome of Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zipj (C. heyneana), is native to tropical regions, especially in Indonesia. It is traditionally used as a skin care, for cosmetic and body freshness, in Javanese and Balinese women, and has many other bioactivities such as antioxidant, anticancer and antiinflammatory.

Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of Several Indonesian Plants Typically Used in Jamu.

This article reviews the chemical constituents and bioactivities of several Indonesian plants typically used in Jamu prescriptions in Indonesia. Jamu is Indonesia traditional medicine: it consists of either a single ingredient or a mixture of several medicinal plants. One plant family always used in Jamu is Zingiberaceae (ginger), such as Curcuma domestica/C.

New Isolinariins C, D and E, Flavonoid Glycosides from Linaria japonica.

Three new flavonoid glycosides named isolinariins C, D and E (1-3), two known flavonoid glycosides (4, 5) and three known flavonoids (6-8) were isolated from the whole plant of Linaria japonica. The structures of these compounds were determined mainly by spectroscopic analyses. The bioactivities of these isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against human cell line A549, collagenase, and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enhancing iridoid glucosides from the Indonesian medicinal plant Barleria lupulina.

In order to find antiosteoporotic agents from natural resources, 32 Indonesian medicinal plants were screened for their effects on osteoblast differentiation by using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells as a marker. From the extract of Barleria lupulina, which showed the most potent activity, 13 iridoid glucosides, including three new ones [8-O-acetylipolamiidic acid (1), 8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-cis-cinnamoyl)shanzhiside (2), and 8-O-acetyl-6-O-(p-methoxy-trans-cinnamoyl)shanzhiside (3)] were identified. Among the 13 iridoid glucosides, ipolamiide (4) showed the most potent activity in a dose-dependent manner.

The depressive effects of 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic Acid (20:3n-9) on osteoblasts.

In cases of essential fatty acid deficiency, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid (Mead acid, 20:3n-9) is synthesized from oleic acid as a 20-carbon analog of arachidonic acid. It was reported that 20:3n-9 levels were markedly higher in human fetal cartilage than in the muscle, liver and spleen. We, therefore, hypothesized that 20:3n-9 decreased osteoblastic activity.