[History of mandatory (set by decree) preliminary and periodic medical examinations of workers in hazardous work conditions].

The article deals with over a hunderd years history of foundation and pregress in organization and process of mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations of workers exposed to hazardous work conditions.

[N.A. Vigdortchik--outstanding national scientist, teacher and public figure, as founder of scientific occupational medicine school in Leningrad (to the 140th birthday)].

The authors analyze activities of N.A. Vigdortchik as a founder of scientific, teaching and practical directions in doctors' work on occupational problems and industrial hygiene in Leningrad.

[Biosphere as a working space -- unity and the opposite].

The paper gives examples of contradictions between the human working activities and the work space and environment, which leads to disharmony in their relations and calls for human considered decisions to prevent its anthropogenic impact on the environment.

[Physician continuing education on occupational diseases as an integral part of the national project "Health Promotion"].

The author's concepts are evaluated positively and additional organizational and practical recommendations are suggested to increase quality of doctors' postgraduate training in occupational therapy.

[Scientific activities of Occupational Medicine Department with St Petersburg Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education].

The article deals with materials devoted to 80th anniversary of scientific activities of Occupational Medicine Department with St Petersburg Medical Academy for Postgraduate Education. Theoretic, scientifical and practical data on achievements on various stages of longstanding history are presented. The authors prove the research carried by the Department to be important and promising for occupational hygiene and industrial medicine.

Occupational health in the Russian Federation.

Occupational health and safety in Russia has a long history, starting in 1866. Preventive and curative services are offered all over the country. Due to rapid, intense, and deep political changes, social and economic reforms led to democracy and a market economy.

[Results of epidemiological research in occupational morbidity].

The authors present materials on real prevalence of occupational diseases, calculate the diseases' share per economically active population, demonstrate thorough analysis of occupational morbidity in major industrial city, prove positive role of Occupational Pathology Center.

[The estimation of the severity and stressfulness of the work process in industrial medicine].

Underestimation of physical and psychoemotional occupational hazards that are widespread now during social and hygienic monitoring takes place in sanitary and epidemiologic service and in higher and comprehensive education.

[Indicators of occupational morbidity in relation to economically active population].

The authors suggest using 10,000 economically active inhabitants instead of 10,000 working inhabitants for calculation of occupational morbidity parameters, as the first term is wider than the second one excessively used now. The parameter suggested is more objective, provides a universal approach to evaluation of occupational morbidity level and, therefore, enables to compare the parameters for various states.

[Experience and prospective activities of the Department of Occupational Medicine at the St. Petersburg Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education].

Occupational Medicine Department in St. Petersburg Academy for Postgraduate Education has carried out considerable educational and scientific work during seventy years. Occupational medicine is a prospective scientific discipline, as it has a legal reason-the state's preservation of workers' health.

[Physiologic and hygienic characteristics of the work of road-building machine operators in hot climate].

Constructing automobile roads in hot climate area, operators of road construction machines face high neuropsychic loads, heating microclimate, intensive noise and vibration, workplace pollution with dust, carbon and nitrogen oxides, bacteria and fungi. Those factors induce marked stress of central nervous functions, thermoregulatory processes and cardiovascular system of the operators.

[Prevalence and prognosis of occupational morbidity in workers of the construction materials industry].

This study revealed a great number of patients facing occupational diseases in building materials production and suggested the random method to calculate their prevalence.

[The making of the industrial physician].

A total of 259 questionnaires distributed among physicians working at plant shops were analysed. The formation of such specialist turned out to be difficult because of inadequate training in occupational pathology and hygiene at the medical institute.