Evolution of the Concept of Sepsis Scoring Systems in Pediatrics to Predict Mortality and Outcomes.

Sepsis continues to be a major contributor to illness and death in children, necessitating effective risk assessment tools. Incidence of pediatric sepsis in intensive care units is on increasing trend. Over the years, the concept of sepsis scoring systems has evolved to enhance the prediction of outcomes and mortality in pediatric age group.

Role of neonatal cerebrospinal fluid cytology in correlation to C-reactive protein, blood culture, risk factors and clinical outcomes in neonatal intensive care.

Introduction: The number of neonatal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples sent from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for cytologic examination is rising, warranting accurate analysis and interpretation of the same. This study was taken up to assess the usefulness of CSF cell count and cytology in NICU settings, as it can be used even in a resource-limited setting.

Aim And Objective: 1) To study the prevalence of cell count and cytologic changes in CSF from NICU and assess their usefulness in correlation to C-reactive protein, CSF neutrophil percentage, blood, CSF culture, and other biochemical parameters.

Kaleidoscopic Hues of Antiepileptics in Pediatric Population: Comparison of Prevailing Antiepileptics.

Background And Objectives: Currently, we have a shortage of comprehensive information about newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in the pediatric population. This might explain the discrepancies among pediatricians' preferences in this regard. Therefore, it is crucial to study the multifaceted impacts of these drugs on children.

Atypical Presentation of Cystic Fibrosis in An Infant.

Dermatitis as an initial manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF) is unusual. The eruption is usually first noted in the perineum anywhere from several days to few months after birth. It subsequently spreads to the extremities and trunk.

Genetic analysis of a Fanconi anemia case revealed the presence of FANCF mutation (exon 1;469>C-T) with implications to develop acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder and one of the most common inherited forms of aplastic anemia. FA is an autosomal recessive or X-linked genetic disorder that is characterized by typical physical malformations and haematopoietic anomalies. In most cases of FA, patients harbor homozygous or double heterozygous mutations in the FANCA (60-65%), FANCC (10-15%), FANCG (~ 10%), FANCD2 (3-6%) or FANCF (2%) genes in different ethnic populations, which leads to inherited bone marrow failure (IBMF).

Clinical Profile and Immediate Outcome of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19: A Multicentric Study.

Introduction: Following an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease (COVID-19), otherwise healthy children may develop serious manifestations in the form of cardiac, neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic dysfunction. Many such cases were being observed in Odisha, an eastern state of India, and have been reported from different health-care facilities. We related these unexplained serious manifestations to multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C) and planned this study.

Short-term outcomes in children recovered from multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 is a recently recognised potentially life-threatening entity. There is limited data on post-MIS-C sequelae. 21 children fulfilling the WHO criteria for MIS-C were included in our study.

Clinico-radiological Profile of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome and Its Associated Risk Factors in PICU: A Single-center Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Objective: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiographic entity of heterogeneous etiologies having similar clinical and neuroimaging features. Pediatric data are sparse, making early diagnosis challenging, which needs a high index of suspicion. So, we conducted this study to evaluate clinico-radiological features, associated risk factors, etiology, and outcome in children.

Tracheostomy in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Experience from Eastern India.

Objective: Tracheostomy is one of the most commonly used surgical intervention in sick children in the intensive care unit. The literature in the pediatric population is limited, therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate the indications, timing, complications, and outcomes of tracheostomy among the children at our center.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from January 2016 through December 2019.

Dilemmas and Challenges in Treating Seronegative Autoimmune Encephalitis in Indian Children.

Objective: The main objective is to assess the challenges in diagnosis and treatment while managing seronegative cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) in Indian children.

Methods: A cohort study of patients with AIE was done where clinical presentations, investigations, management were analyzed and these patients were followed up to assess the evolution of the disease.

Results: Nine patients were included in the study.

Heart rate variability and its correlation with pulmonary function test of smokers.

Context: Though many studies have been conducted on the effect of chronic smoking on pulmonary function test (PFT) and heart rate variability (HRV), no study has found a correlation between the pulmonary function test and heart rate variability parameters so far.

Aim: The aim was to study if there was a correlation, if any, between PFT and HRV.

Settings And Design: Thirty male subjects who were chronic smokers of at least 10 pack years and another 30 nonsmoking healthy males were included in the study and were matched for age, height, weight, and body surface area.