Insufficient Cold Resistance as a Possible Reason for the Absence of Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) in Pleistocene Sediments of Siberia.

The level of diversity and abundance of darkling beetles (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) is the main difference between the late Pleistocene and modern insect faunas of arid regions. In the Pleistocene assemblages they are extremely rare, whereas in the modern ones they predominate. It is assumed that the reason for their rarity in fossil entomological complexes is their lack of cold resistance.

The Center of Origin and Colonization Routes of Noble Salmons of the Genus Salmo (Salmonidae, Actinopterigii).

Genetic diversity and colonization routes of noble salmons were studied using a partial nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial COI gene. The brown trout S. trutta, which is the most ancient species of the genus, was concluded to originate from the modern southeastern Pontic-Caspian area, which is currently inhabited by members of the subspecies S.

Effect of Li, Na and K Modification of Alumina on its Physical and Chemical Properties and Water Adsorption Ability.

The effect of alkali metal (Li, Na, K) incorporation on the morphology and water vapor uptake properties of mesoporous AlO has been studied. The modification of the raw material, pseudoboehmite, represented a mixture of low-temperature phases (γ + η + χ)-AlO, and has been done at low-temperature that does not change the phase ratio. A decrease in specific surface values and an average pores size increase were observed as a result of the introduction of metal cations by impregnation and subsequent thermal treatment.

Selective Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of a Nitro Group in Substituted Nitrobenzenes over Au/Al O Catalyst in a Packed-Bed Flow Reactor.

A series of substituted nitrobenzenes with the general formula XC H NO (X=Cl, CH=CH , or C(O)CH ) dissolved in toluene were reduced with hydrogen over the 1.9 % Au/Al O catalyst at 60-110 °C and 10-20 bar in a three-phase packed-bed reactor operating in up-flow mode. Under these conditions, hydrogenation of isomeric ClC H NO gives exclusively chloroanilines.

[Variation in the timing of spawning of the Black Sea brown trout Salmo trutta labrax Pallas under artificial and natural conditions].

Analysis of the maturation and spawning times of the Black Sea brown trout bred at the fish-farming plants and inhabiting natural waterways of the Northwestern Caucasus has demonstrated a considerable variation depending on environmental conditions, first and foremost, temperature. This fact, as well as the analysis of literature data, suggests that the duration and timing of the spawning season cannot be used as self-sufficient criteria for identifying species of the genus Salmo.

Molecular phylogeny of the genus Gobio Cuvier, 1816 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) and its contribution to taxonomy.

The phylogenetic relationships among gudgeons that represent most nominal taxa within Gobio gobio sensu lato were examined by mitochondrial and nuclear genome sequencing. The molecular analyses confirmed the separate generic status of Gobio as a monophyletic group and revealed 15 Eurasian lineages divided into two main clades, the Northern European and the Ponto-Caspian. The validity of eleven nominal taxa as distinct species was confirmed, gudgeons from the Volga River basin were described as a new species G.

In situ (1)H and (13)C MAS NMR kinetic study of the mechanism of H/D exchange for propane on zeolite H-ZSM-5.

The kinetics of hydrogen (H/D) exchange between Brønsted acid sites of zeolite H-ZSM-5 and variously deuterated propanes (propane-d(8), propane-1,1,1,3,3,3-d(6), propane-2,2-d(2)) have been monitored in situ by (1)H MAS NMR spectroscopy within the temperature range of 503-556 K. The contribution of intramolecular hydrogen transfer to the H/D exchange in the adsorbed propane was estimated by monitoring the kinetics of (13)C-labeled carbon scrambling in propane-2-(13)C in situ with (13)C MAS NMR at 543-573 K. Possible mechanisms of the exchange have been verified on the basis of the analysis of the variation of protium concentration in both the methyl and the methylene groups of propane in dependence of the reaction time.

Statistical analysis of structural and kinetic characteristics of fungal colony growth with Trichoderma viride PERS.: S.F. Gray.

The mycelial colonies of Trichoderma viride were grown between two thin cellophane films for exact measurements. The results obtained testify to the fact that in a mature colony the average length of intercalary cells, the average number of intercalary cells in an internode and the average internode length are stable. At this stage of morphogenesis the mean internode length is shown to be equal to the product of the average intercalary cell length and the average number of intercalary cells in an internode.

[Production and characterization of a panel of monoclonal antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii antigens].

A representative collection was obtained containing 68 monoclonal antibodies (MAB) to Toxoplasma gondii antigens, which was characterized by the binding with the below fractions of tochizoites in the immune-enzyme assay (IEA) and immunoblotting (IB): membrane (MEM), somatic (water-soluble, SOM) and excretory-secretory (ES). Most of MABs were produced to MEM antigens (43), 6 MABs reacted with the somatic fraction, and 3 MABs reacted with both fractions. Two MABs to ES antigen were detected in the latter group.

[Biological evaluation of the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on apoptosis in human lymphoid cells in vitro].

Models are developed that allow the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics on the level of apoptosis in human lymphoid cells to be evaluated in vitro. The antibiotics produced a dose-dependent decrease in apoptosis of mature lymphocytes both under normal conditions and in the state of dexamethasone-induced immunodepression. The beta-lactam antibiotics also affect the apoptosis in a pre-B-lymphoblast model.

[Composition of circulating immune complexes in acute toxoplasmosis].

The circulating immune complexes (CIC) that form in the hot just in early Toxoplasma gondii invasion can be present in the blood bed for a while. At the same time, the data on the antigenic composition of CIC in toxoplasmosis are fragmentary and rather contradictory. The investigation used enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to detect specific CIC that contain antigens to T.

[An immunochemical study of the antigens from Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites obtained in different cultivation systems].

The protein composition and immunochemical properties of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites cultured on Vero cells and on mice were studied. Despite the fact that the main components of both preparations were shown to be proteins with molecular weights of 47, 34, 24, and 22 kDa, Toxoplasma-infected human sera antibodies interact mainly with the antigens of 66, 62, 57, 42, 38, 37, 36, 31, and 24 kDa. Comparing efficiency of enzyme immunoassay using the antigens of the tachyzoites obtained in different culture systems showed that the preparation of cultured Vero cells is similar to those of peritoneal exudates from infected mice and may be successfully used for the detection of antitoxoplasma antibodies in the sera of infected subjects.

[Immunoenzyme method of the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin using polyclonal antibodies].

The authors developed a method for obtaining highly specific polyclonal antibodies reacting with different sites of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and an immunometrical method for measuring HCG in human biological fluids, based on the use of these antibodies. The sensitivity of the method is 10-15 IU/liter HCG, specificity 100%, no cross reactions with LH or FSH were observed. The method was tried in testing urine samples for HCG in women at 1-2 to 34 weeks of gestations and in one cancer patient with the diagnosis of vesical mole.

[Protective activity of vaccinia virus envelope proteins isolated using nonionic detergents].

Several detergents and chemical compounds--Tweens 40, 60, 80, Triton X-100, Triton WR-1340, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, urea, n-butyl, MESK, and combinations thereof were used for the isolation of surface proteins of vaccinia virus. Optimal conditions for the treatment of the virus with detergents were selected, permitting isolation of vaccinia virus surface proteins p35 and p61. Mouse experiments yielded data on the protective properties of the isolated proteins.

[Microsurgical revascularization of the brain with an autograft of the greater omentum (experimental research)].

The paper deals with improvement of procedures for autografting a greater omental fragment to the vascular layer of the brain in its experimental ischemic lesions. The findings suggest that a functional vasculature has formed between the omentum and the meninx vasculosa just at hour 24 postautografting. This provides evidence to recommend the method for clinical application to compensate cerebral circulatory disorders in tumor-induced and vascular abnormalities in the brain.

[Neurogenic lesions of the lungs in severe craniocerebral trauma].

The role of sympathicotonia in the development of neurogenic edema of the lungs in patients with the craniocerebral trauma (CCT) was confirmed experimentally. Morphological examinations of the lungs in 12 people who died from CCT have revealed the stage-wise character of the development of neurodystrophic alterations in the air-conducting and respiratory parts, up to the development of denervation.

[Trauma to the cranial nerve roots in the pathogenesis of brain stem lesions in severe craniocerebral injury].

A clinico-morphological analysis of results of 65 autopsies has shown that traumatization of cranial nerve roots at the moment of trauma is one of pathogenetical mechanisms of truncal lesions. A group of primary progressing truncal lesions was established which included 81.1% of patients who died at the hospital.

[Changes in antigenic properties of the p35 protein of vaccinia virus in various protein fractions of the virion with the use of monospecific antisera].

Three monospecific antisera to the major 35 kD (p35) surface protein of vaccinia and ectromelia viruses have been obtained. Two of them are obtained to p35 protein isolated by electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate from the protein fractions of vaccinia virus, soluble in NP40 and NP40 with dithiothreitol (NP40 and DTT-fractions). The third serum is obtained to NP40-fraction of ectromelia virus, containing practically only p35 protein.

[Problem of pathology of neurocytes of the trigeminal ganglion in lesions of the head and brain (quantitative analysis)].

Light microscopy was used to study trigeminal ganglia autopsied from victims of neurosurgical pathology. Quantitative analysis of unchanged, reversibly and irreversibly changed trigeminal ganglion neurocytes was performed in the cases of severe trauma of the brain, its tumors, and aneurysms of cerebral vessels. Quantitative data on neurocyte changes were in each case juxtaposed to clinical features of the course of the disease with due consideration of its etiology.

[Radioimmunoanalytic study of the kinetics of lambda phage structural protein synthesis].

The kinetics of the lambda-phage major structural protein syntheses was determined during the lytic development by radioimmunoassay. For this purpose, the individual structural proteins such as pE, pV and pD were isolated in polyacrylamide gel by the preparative SDS-electrophoresis. The proper monospecific antisera were obtained.