Integrating phenomic selection using single-kernel near-infrared spectroscopy and genomic selection for corn breeding improvement.

Phenomic selection using intact seeds is a promising tool to improve gain and complement genomic selection in corn breeding. Models that combine genomic and phenomic data maximize the predictive ability. Phenomic selection (PS) is a cost-effective method proposed for predicting complex traits and enhancing genetic gain in breeding programs.

Influence of frailty and cognitive decline on dual task performance in older adults: an analytical cross-sectional study.

Objective: to analyze the influence of frailty and cognitive decline on dual-task performance in older adults.

Methods: cross-sectional study carried out with older adults at a geriatrics outpatient clinic, in São Paulo. Sociodemographic data, cognitive performance, frailty phenotype, gait speed and dual-task assessments were used.

Intestinal and Urinary Pseudomyiasis by Psychodinae Larvae in an Adolescent: A Fact, Fallacy, or Harmless Spectator?

Myiasis is caused by fly larvae and can be classified into obligatory, facultative, and accidental (or pseudomyiasis) forms. , a species of fly, commonly found in areas such as kitchens, toilets, and drains, has been linked to urogenital and intestinal myiasis. However, recent evidence questions its role as a true causative agent of myiasis.

Exploring the Genetic Potential for Multi-Resistance to Rust and Other Coffee Phytopathogens in Breeding Programs.

The application of marker-assisted selection in coffee breeding programs accelerates the identification and concentration of target alleles, being essential for developing cultivars resistant to multiple diseases. In this study, a population was developed from artificial crossings between Timor Hybrid and Tupi Amarelo, with the aim of promoting the pyramiding of resistance genes to the main diseases and pests of : coffee leaf rust (CLR), coffee berry disease (CBD), cercospora, and leaf miner. Resistance was confirmed by nine molecular markers at loci associated with CLR (genes , , , and ) and with CBD (gene ).

Emerging Trend of Central Precocious Puberty: A Retrospective Study of Cases Diagnosed Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Portuguese Tertiary-Level Hospital.

Introduction: In light of the recent evidence suggesting an increase in idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aimed to assess the incidence of newly diagnosed ICPP cases and compare differences in demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics pre-pandemic and during the pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at a national reference pediatric endocrinology unit in Portugal to evaluate the proportion of referrals for precocious puberty (PP) and, within this group, the number of ICPP cases diagnosed before (group 1: January 2018 to March 2020) and during the pandemic (group 2: April 2020 to June 2022). Additionally, we compared the demographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics of ICPP patients between the two groups.

Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at a hospital in southeastern Brazil.

Introduction: Invasive candidiasis is an important cause of nosocomial infection and recent studies have shown an increase in the number of cases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and incidence of invasive candidiasis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at a reference tertiary hospital in Brazil.

Methodology: A retrospective observational study was performed with 148 patients infected with Candida spp.

and for Fermentation of Four Different Coffee Varieties.

One strategy for adding unique characteristics and flavors to improve coffee quality is the selection of starter microorganisms. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of LNFCA11 and B10 as starter cultures on the quality of four different wet-fermented coffee varieties. Microbiological, molecular, and chemical analyses were carried out to identify yeast, bacteria, volatile compounds, carbohydrates and bioactive compounds in coffee.

Fully remote versus hybrid supervision of pulmonary telerehabilitation in COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have impeded the traditional rehabilitation process, prompting the widespread adoption of remote programs for the recovery of survivors.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a pulmonary telerehabilitation program (PTRP) in the exclusively remote modality versus the hybrid modality (remote and face-to-face) in patients with persistent respiratory dysfunction following hospitalization for COVID-19 pneumonia, and to compare the functional capacity of patients who participated in a PTRP with those who did not.

Design: A randomised, interventional, prospective clinical trial was conducted.

Performance and Health Parameters of Sows and Their Litters Using a Probiotic Supplement Composed of 541 and 516.

This study investigated the efficacy of using probiotics on the performance and health parameters of sows and their litters. A randomized block design was used with 584 sows and 292 replications, with two dietary treatments: the control group (basal diet without probiotics) and the probiotic group (basal diet supplemented with 400 g/ton of a probiotic composed of () 541 and () 516). Feed intake was evaluated throughout the experimental period.

Hidden target, hidden effects: chlorantraniliprole on the coffee leaf miner (Leucoptera coffeella).

Agricultural insecticide usage presents a complex challenge, particularly when addressing hidden targets such as concealed pest species. Typically, insecticide spraying targets either the host plant or the soil substrate, reaching the target when the pests move or feed, yet their vulnerability when concealed remains low. This study delves into the often-obscure effects of insecticides on hidden herbivore species, focusing specifically on the diamide insecticide chlorantraniliprole and its impact on the concealed insect herbivore, the coffee leaf miner Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville & Perrottet) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetidae).

Optimization of high-throughput marker systems for genomic prediction in alfalfa family bulks.

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial forage legume esteemed for its exceptional quality and dry matter yield (DMY); however, alfalfa has historically exhibited low genetic gain for DMY. Advances in genotyping platforms paved the way for a cost-effective application of genomic prediction in alfalfa family bulks.

SimpleMating: R-package for prediction and optimization of breeding crosses using genomic selection.

Selecting parents and crosses is a critical step for a successful breeding program. The ability to design crosses with high means that will maintain genetic variation in the population is the goal for long-term applications. Herein, we describe a new computational package for mate allocation in a breeding program.

Molecular Characterization and Pathogenicity of Causing Red Rot on Sugarcane in Southern Florida.

Red rot disease reduces sugarcane yield and impacts the sugar quality, posing an important threat to the sugarcane industry in Florida. Although , the causal agent of red rot in Florida, was first reported in 1984 based on morphology, molecular and pathological data have remained limited, highlighting the critical need for comprehensive characterization. Thirteen isolates were obtained from three local sugarcane varieties in Belle Glade, Florida.

Construct, Face, and Predictive Validity of Parkinson's Disease Rodent Models.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease globally. Current drugs only alleviate symptoms without halting disease progression, making rodent models essential for researching new therapies and understanding the disease better. However, selecting the right model is challenging due to the numerous models and protocols available.

A new approach: preventive protocols with yeast products and essential oils can reduce the in-feed use of antibiotics in growing-finishing pigs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yeast products () and essential oils () in total or partial replacement to in-feed antibiotic protocols (growth promoter and prophylactic), both in recommended doses and in overdose of prophylactic antibiotics (), on growth performance, and diarrhea incidence in the growing-finishing pigs; and fecal microbiota in market hogs. Four hundred pigs (20.36 ± 2.

Prediction of resistance, virulence, and host-by-pathogen interactions using dual-genome prediction models.

Integrating disease screening data and genomic data for host and pathogen populations into prediction models provides breeders and pathologists with a unified framework to develop disease resistance. Developing disease resistance in crops typically consists of exposing breeding populations to a virulent strain of the pathogen that is causing disease. While including a diverse set of pathogens in the experiments would be desirable for developing broad and durable disease resistance, it is logistically complex and uncommon, and limits our capacity to implement dual (host-by-pathogen)-genome prediction models.

Physicochemical characterization of experimental resin-based materials containing calcium orthophosphates or calcium silicate.

Objective: To evaluate experimental dimethacrylate-based materials containing calcium orthophosphates or calcium silicate particles in terms of their optical, mechanical and Ca release behaviour.

Methods: Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), hydroxyapatite (HAp), beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) or calcium silicate (CaSi) particles were added to a photocurable BisGMA/TEGDMA resin (1:1 in mols) at a 30 vol% fraction. Materials containing silanized or non-silanized barium glass particles were used as controls.

Effects of chronic oral exposure to insecticide teflubenzuron on the midgut of the honey bee Apis mellifera workers: histopathological insights into pesticide toxicity.

The honey bee Apis mellifera plays a significant role as a pollinator of native and cultivated plants, by increasing the productivity of several cultures, preserving the flora, and producing forest seeds. However, bee populations are declining worldwide, including A. mellifera, due to Colony Collapse Disorder, mainly resulting from the constant use of pesticides in the crops.

Use of simulation to optimize a sweet corn breeding program: implementing genomic selection and doubled haploid technology.

Genomic selection and doubled haploids hold significant potential to enhance genetic gains and shorten breeding cycles across various crops. Here, we utilized stochastic simulations to investigate the best strategies for optimize a sweet corn breeding program. We assessed the effects of incorporating varying proportions of old and new parents into the crossing block (3:1, 1:1, 1:3, and 0:1 ratio, representing different degrees of parental substitution), as well as the implementation of genomic selection in two distinct pipelines: one calibrated using the phenotypes of testcross parents (GSTC scenario) and another using F1 individuals (GSF1).