Exploratory Study on Lercanidipine Hydrochloride Polymorphism: pH-Dependent Solubility Behavior and Simulation of its Impact on Pharmacokinetics.

This work describes an exploratory experimental and in silico study of the influence of polymorphism, particle size, and physiology on the pharmacokinetics of lercanidipine hydrochloride (LHC). Equilibrium and kinetic solubility studies were performed on LHC forms I and II, as a function of pH and buffer composition. GastroPlus® was used to evaluate the potential effect of solubility differences due to polymorphism, particle size, and physiological conditions, on the drug pharmacokinetics.

[The substantiation of the method of gastrointestinal reconstruction after the gastric resection].

Functional results of 289 major gastric resections and gastrectomies were analyzed. New methods of the gastrointestinal reconstruction after these procedures. The comparative analysis of immediate and long-term results allowed to work out criteria of choice for the reconstructive procedure.

[Diagnostics and surgical correction of postoperative myofascial defects of lateral abdominal wall and lumbar region].

Myofascial defects of lateral abdominal wall and lumbar region occur chiefly after lumbotomy--the most popular access in urosurgery. Meanwhile lumbotomy remains one of the most traumatic accesses through the lateral abdominal wall. Myofascial defects were diagnosed in 48,9% of operated patients with lumbotomy.

[Outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with progressive pulmonary tuberculosis an concomitant diseases].

The pattern of concomitant diseases has been studied in 708 patients operated on for progressive pulmonary tuberculosis. The incidence of concomitant diseases has been found to considerably increase in recent years and it was as high as 77%. Peptic ulcer and chronic viral hepatitis were responsible for 1.

[Surgical treatment for postoperative recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis].

The long-term results of 1311 primary resections for pulmonary tuberculosis and 203 repeated interventions for postoperative recurrences were studied. During a 10-year follow-up, the cumulative rate of postoperative recurrences was 18.4%, the minimum (5.

[Outcomes of local interventions into the caverns in patients with destructive forms of postoperative recurrences of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper presents the outcomes of 48 cavernoplasties for destructive forms of postoperative recurrences, which was 23.5% in the structure of all interventions for postoperative recurrences. One-stage cavernoplasty was performed in 17 patients; 31 patients underwent multistage cavernoplasty (with a period of open sanitation).

[Long-term results of surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis wtih respect to the extent of bacterial isolation and to drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis].

The remote postoperative results were followed up for as long as up to 10 years. It was established in case of abacillary patients that the frequency rate of relapses was minimal ranging from 3.6% in the group of patients operated for tuberculosis and caseous-necrotic tuberculosis to 11.

[Significance of mycobacterial drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis surgery].

The outcomes of surgical treatment of 546 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed in relation to the bacteriological characteristics. Seeding detected sputum bacterial isolation in 52.4% of cases.

[Late results of multistage polysegmental lung resection for tuberculosis at many sites].

The late outcomes of surgical treatment of 124 patients operated on for pulmonary tuberculosis at many sites were analyzed. Surgery was made in the anatomic variant of typical polysegmental resections involving 3 to 7 bronchopulmonary segments in combination with a number of additional elements. The stable cure rates were 77.

[Surgical risk factors of complex polysegmental resections of lung for tuberculosis at multiple sites].

The results of 240 complex polysegmental resections of the lung for tuberculosis at multiple sites are analyzed. Surgical risk factors associated with additional surgical elements, such as expansion of an interventional area in the lung outside anatomic resection, traumatic elements of correction of volumetric ratios, and special procedures for isolating the lung from adhesions. Complex polysegmental resections as an anatomic variant without additional elements provide a high direct surgical effectiveness (95-100%) without deaths.

[Significance of immunologic testing of patients in surgery of pulmonary tuberculosis].

Immunological testing of surgical patients with specific pulmonary tuberculosis revealed specific immunodeficiency in 68% of cases which appeared at higher risk of postoperative complications. A scheme of a simple immunological testing by 2 reactions is provided.

[The importance of short-term test therapy in the differential diagnosis and surgical treatment procedure in lung diseases].

Methods of differential diagnostics of diseases of the lungs based on using short-term antiinflammatory therapy during 2-3 weeks are substantiated. An analysis of results of the methods in question in 225 patients has shown that additional diagnostical information can be obtained in 78% of the patients operated upon and among patients of the differential diagnostic department-in 41% of the patients. These methods must be always used in cases of uncertain results of clinical diagnostics which will prevent diagnostic errors and their negative consequences.

[Results of surgical treatment of postoperative recurrences of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The paper provides the experience in surgically treating 125 patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis after lung resections. The results were analyzed in accordance with the author's classification. Differential surgical policy and preventive and therapeutical measures for postoperative complications are described.

[BCG vaccine immunotherapy after radical operations for lung cancer].

An investigation of immune reactivity to BCG vaccination was performed in 48 patients with lung cancer according to the Mantoux test. It was found that high immune reaction was noted in the group with 5-year survival and course without recurrences, the reaction growing after revaccinations. In patients with 2-year survival the reaction to vaccination was negative or weakly pronounced.

[Stage-by-stage pneumonectomy in pleural empyema].

Staged pneumonectomy tactics in complication of the main lung affection by pleural empyema was described. Surgery was based on an open treatment of empyema cavity before and after the principal surgical stage--pneumonectomy, which was completed by closed treatment using the method of early pleural cavity filling with curative solutions. Use of staged surgical treatment tactics makes it possible to prevent serious postoperative complications such as empyema recurrence and bronchial fistulas.

[Methods for the control of pulmonary hemorrhage].

The paper reviews literature data on the incidence of pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) in various diseases (tuberculosis, chronic nonspecific lesions of the lungs, cancer); presents new evidence on PH pathogenesis, an underlying role of pulmonary hypertension and aneurysmic vascular rearrangement of the affected site. The system to control PH is staged and implies measures to achieve temporary and final arrest of bleeding. These are to promote enhancement of coagulation, inhibition of fibrinolysis, include endobronchial and endovascular hemostasis, radical surgery.

[Repeated pneumonectomy in recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The analysis of the outcomes of a surgical treatment of recurrent tuberculosis in the operated lung is presented. With disseminated forms of the pulmonary lesions complicated by empyema, surgical removal of the portion remained after the primary resection is indicated. A complex of measures improving the treatment efficacy, decreasing a surgical risk and providing a favourable outcome in 90% of the operated patients is given.