Mapping of a Subgingival Dual-Species Biofilm Model Using Confocal Raman Microscopy.

Techniques for continuously monitoring the formation of subgingival biofilm, in relation to the determination of species and their accumulation over time in gingivitis and periodontitis, are limited. In recent years, advancements in the field of optical spectroscopic techniques have provided an alternative for analyzing three-dimensional microbiological structures, replacing the traditional destructive or biofilm staining techniques. In this work, we have demonstrated that the use of confocal Raman spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis provides an approach to spatially differentiate bacteria in an model simulating a subgingival dual-species biofilm.

Confocal Raman microscopy to identify bacteria in oral subgingival biofilm models.

The study of oral disease progression, in relation to the accumulation of subgingival biofilm in gingivitis and periodontitis is limited, due to either the ability to monitor plaque in vitro. When compared, optical spectroscopic techniques offer advantages over traditional destructive or biofilm staining approaches, making it a suitable alternative for the analysis and continued development of three-dimensional structures. In this work, we have developed a confocal Raman spectroscopy analysis approach towards in vitro subgingival plaque models.

Clinical assessment of a manual toothbrush with CrissCross and tapered bristle technology on gingivitis and plaque reduction.

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the gingivitis-reduction efficacy of an experimental manual toothbrush with CrissCross and tapered bristle technology in comparison with a marketed control manual toothbrush with traditional design and non-tapered bristles. In addition, the study compared the two toothbrushes for plaque-reduction efficacy.

Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, parallel group, examiner-blind, single-center, 4-week clinical trial with adult subjects in good general health.

A 5-week randomized clinical evaluation of a novel electric toothbrush head with regular and tapered bristles versus a manual toothbrush for reduction of gingivitis and plaque.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of an oscillating-rotating (O-R) electric rechargeable toothbrush with a novel round brush head comprised of regular and tapered bristles in reducing plaque and gingivitis versus a manual toothbrush.

Methods: This was a randomized, examiner-blind, parallel group, five-week study. Participants with mild-to-moderate plaque and gingivitis received an oral examination and were evaluated for baseline plaque (Rustogi Modified Navy Index), gingivitis (Modified Gingival Index) and gingival bleeding (Gingival Bleeding Index).

Clinical effect of a manual toothbrush with tapered filaments on dental plaque and gingivitis reduction.

Purpose: To evaluate the anti-plaque efficacy (Study 1) and the anti-gingivitis efficacy (Study 2) of a manual toothbrush with tapered bristles compared to marketed control manual toothbrushes.

Methods: Studies 1 and 2 were independent, randomized and controlled, single-center, examiner-blind clinical trials in generally healthy adults. Study 1 included a 2-day acclimation period, followed by a 5-day twice daily toothbrushing test phase with the assigned brush.

Randomised clinical study of plaque removal efficacy of a power toothbrush in a paediatric population.

Background: Clinical investigations of plaque removal efficacy of power toothbrushes in children are limited.

Aim: To compare plaque removal of a power versus manual toothbrush in a paediatric population.

Design: This was a randomised, replicate-use, single-brushing, examiner-blinded, two-treatment, four-period crossover clinical trial in children 8-11 years of age.

Influence of the Culture Medium in Dose-Response Effect of the Chlorhexidine on Streptococcus mutans Biofilms.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of culture medium on dose-response effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) on Streptococcus mutans UA159 biofilm and validate the use of the cation-adjusted-Müller-Hinton broth (MH) for the evaluation of antibacterial activity. Ultrafiltered Tryptone-Yeast Extract Broth (UTYEB) was compared against MH and MH with blood supplementation (MHS). For each medium, six groups (n = 4) were assessed: two negative control groups (baseline 48 and 120 h) and four experimental groups (0.

In situ effect of a CPP-ACP chewing gum on enamel erosion associated or not with abrasion.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the in situ effect of a casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) chewing gum on human enamel erosion lesion associated or not with abrasion.

Material And Methods: A three-way crossover study of 7 days was conducted involving 10 volunteers subjected to the same protocol: (G1) CPP-ACP sugar-free chewing gum, (G2) regular sugar-free chewing gum without CPP-ACP, and (G3) saliva-no chewing gum. An abrasion test was included in each phase.

A randomized clinical trial evaluating gingivitis and plaque reduction of an oscillating-rotating power brush with a new brush head with angled bristles versus a marketed sonic brush with self-adjusting technology.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush with a novel brush head incorporating angled CrissCross bristles (Oral-B Pro 7000 SmartSeries and Oral-B CrossAction brush head) versus a marketed sonic toothbrush (Colgate ProClinical A1500 with the Triple Clean brush head) in the reduction of gingivitis and plaque over a 6-week period.

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, open label, examiner-blind, 2-treatment, parallel group study. Study participants who met the entrance criteria were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to one of the two toothbrush groups.

A randomized 12-week clinical comparison of an oscillating-rotating toothbrush to a new sonic brush in the reduction of gingivitis and plaque.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a marketed oscillating-rotating (O-R) power toothbrush (Oral-B Triumph with SmartGuide and FlossAction brush head, D34/EB25) to a new sonic toothbrush (Sonicare FlexCare Platinum) in the reduction of gingivitis and plaque over a 12-week test period.

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, open label, examiner-blind, two-treatment, parallel group study. Subjects who met the entrance criteria were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to either the O-R or sonic treatment group.

A 4-week clinical comparison of an oscillating-rotating power brush versus a marketed sonic brush in reducing dental plaque.

Purpose: To assess the plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating-rotating power brush relative to a newly-introduced sonic power brush.

Methods: This study used a randomized, examiner-blind, single-center, two-treatment, parallel group 4-week design. Subjects with pre-existing plaque scores of at least 1.

The effect of iron on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and on enamel demineralization.

Iron (Fe) may have an anticaries effect by specific inhibition of glycosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes of Streptococcus mutans, but this hypothesis has not yet been clarified. In this study, S. mutans biofilms were formed on blocks of bovine dental enamel of a predetermined surface hardness (SH).

Photoelastic evaluation of the effect of composite formulation on polymerization shrinkage stress.

We compared polymerization stress in two commercial composites and three experimental composites made using camphorquinone (CQ) and/or phenylpropanedione (PPD) as photoinitiators. The internal surfaces of photoelastic resin discs with cylindrical cavities were roughened and treated with adhesive. Composites were divided into five groups: two commercial composites (Filtek Silorane and Filtek Z250) and three experimental composites with CQ/amine, CQ/PPD/amine, and PPD/amine.

S. mutans biofilm model to evaluate antimicrobial substances and enamel demineralization.

The aim of this study was to validate a model of S. mutans biofilm formation, which simulated 'feast-famine' episodes of exposure to sucrose that occur in the oral cavity, showed dose-response susceptibility to antimicrobials and allowed the evaluation of substances with anticaries potential. S.

Polarization of dental caries among individuals aged 15 to 18 years.

Objective: To evaluate the role of socioeconomic variables and self-perceived oral health in the polarization of caries among adolescents in Santa Bárbara D'Oeste, Brazil.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study. Sampling was randomized and sample size was defined according to WHO criteria.

Antimicrobial activity of Uncaria tomentosa against oral human pathogens.

Uncaria tomentosa is considered a medicinal plant used over centuries by the peruvian population as an alternative treatment for several diseases. Many microorganisms usually inhabit the human oral cavity and under certain conditions can become etiologic agents of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of Uncaria tomentosa on different strains of microorganisms isolated from the human oral cavity.