Magnetic Resonance-Guided Stereotactic Radioablation for Septal Ventricular Tachycardias.

Background: Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) was introduced to treat ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to catheter ablation. No data are now available in the septal VT substrate setting, representing a challenge when using conventional techniques.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the arrhythmic burden in patients with septal VT treated with magnetic resonance-guided STAR (MRgSTAR).

Combining BNCT with carbonic anhydrase inhibition for mesothelioma treatment: Synthesis, in vitro, in vivo studies of ureidosulfamido carboranes.

Mesothelioma is a malignant neoplasm of mesothelial cells caused by exposure to asbestos. The average survival time after diagnosis is usually nine/twelve months. A multi-therapeutic approach is therefore required to treat and prevent recurrence.

Short term outcome of myocarditis and pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccines: a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study.

To evaluate clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) short-term follow-up (FU) in patients with vaccine-associated myocarditis, pericarditis or myo-pericarditis (VAMP) following COVID-19 vaccination. We retrospectively analyzed 44 patients (2 women, mean age: 31.7 ± 15.

Inexpensive and bench stable diarylmethylium tetrafluoroborates as organocatalysts in the light mediated hydrosulfonylation of unactivated alkenes.

In this paper, we present the synthetic potential of diarylmethylium tetrafluoroborates as catalysts for the visible light promoted hydrosulfonylation of unactivated alkenes. For the first time, these salts, which are bench stable and easily preparable on a multi-gram scale, were employed as organocatalysts. Interestingly, a catalyst loading of only 1 mol% allowed sulfone products to be efficiently obtained from good-to-excellent yields with high functional-group tolerance and scalability up to 15 mmol of alkene.

A novel pH sensitive theranostic PLGA nanoparticle for boron neutron capture therapy in mesothelioma treatment.

This study aims to develop poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles with an innovative imaging-guided approach based on Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for the treatment of mesothelioma. The herein-reported results demonstrate that PLGA nanoparticles incorporating oligo-histidine chains and the dual Gd/B theranostic agent AT101 can successfully be exploited to deliver a therapeutic dose of boron to mesothelioma cells, significantly higher than in healthy mesothelial cells as assessed by ICP-MS and MRI. The selective release is pH responsive taking advantage of the slightly acidic pH of the tumour extracellular environment and triggered by the protonation of imidazole groups of histidine.

Photoinduced Chloroamination Cyclization Cascade with -Chlorosuccinimide: From -(Allenyl)sulfonylamides to 2-(1-Chlorovinyl)pyrrolidines.

Here, we present an intriguing photoinduced chloroamination cyclization of allenes bearing a tethered sulfonylamido group to afford 2-(1-chlorovinyl)pyrrolidines and related heterocycles in the presence of -chlorosuccinimide (NCS) as the chlorine source. An in depth experimental and computational mechanistic study revealed the existence of multiple reaction pathways leading to a common nitrogen centered radical (NCR). This key NCR can be, in fact, originated from (a) the oxidation of the deprotonated allene by the photoexcited state of the Ru-catalyst and (b) the photodissociation of the in situ formed -chloroallene.

Biotinylation of a MRI/Gd BNCT theranostic agent to access a novel tumour-targeted delivery system.

A new biotin based BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy)-MRI theranostic is here reported (Gd-AL01) in order to exploit the high tumour specificity of biotin and the selectivity of BNCT in a synergistic manner. The key is the preparation of an intermediate where an -carborane is linked to two amino groups orthogonally protected the exploitation of two consecutive Mitsunobu reactions. The aim is its functionalisation in two different steps with biotin as the biological vector and Gd-DOTA as the MRI probe and GdNCT agent.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of myocarditis and pericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination: a multicenter collection of 27 cases.

Objectives: To assess clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging features of patients with peri-myocarditis following Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.

Methods: We retrospectively collected a case series of 27 patients who underwent CMR in the clinical suspect of heart inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination, from 16 large tertiary centers. Our patient's cohort was relatively young (36.

Challenges and opportunities to delivering cardiac imaging training: a national survey by the Italian college of cardiac radiology.

Background: Delivering consistent levels of training in cardiac imaging to radiologist is of pivotal importance because of the increasing clinical indications to coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Our study sought to capture the heterogeneity of cardiac imaging training programs and to explore residents' vision on cardiac imaging both in the present and in the future.

Methods: Two web-based surveys were created.

Unconventional approaches for the introduction of sulfur-based functional groups.

Organosulfur compounds have a pivotal role in the functionalities of many natural products, pharmaceuticals and organic materials. For these reasons, the search for new methodologies for the formation of carbon-sulfur bonds has been the object of intensive work for organic chemists. However, the proposed strategies suffer from various drawbacks, such as volatility, toxicity, and instability of the sulfur sources or the use of VOC solvents.

Appropriate use criteria for cardiovascular MRI: SIC - SIRM position paper Part 2 (myocarditis, pericardial disease, cardiomyopathies and valvular heart disease).

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as an accurate diagnostic technique for the evaluation of patients with cardiac disease in the majority of clinical settings, thanks to an established additional diagnostic and prognostic value. This document has been developed by a joined group of experts of the Italian Society of Cardiology (SIC) and Italian Society of Radiology (SIRM) to provide a summary about the current state of technology and clinical applications of CMR, to improve the clinical diagnostic pathways and to promote its inclusion in clinical practice. The writing committee consisted of members and experts of both societies in order to develop a more integrated approach in the field of cardiac imaging.

Green Chemistry Meets Asymmetric Organocatalysis: A Critical Overview on Catalysts Synthesis.

Can green chemistry be the right reading key to let organocatalyst design take a step forward towards sustainable catalysis? What if the intriguing chemistry promoted by more engineered organocatalysts was carried on by using renewable and naturally occurring molecular scaffolds, or at least synthetic catalysts more respectful towards the principles of green chemistry? Within the frame of these questions, this Review will tackle the most commonly occurring organic chiral catalysts from the perspective of their synthesis rather than their employment in chemical methodologies or processes. A classification of the catalyst scaffolds based on their E factor will be provided, and the global E factor (E factor) will be proposed as a new green chemistry metric to consider, also, the synthetic route to the catalyst within a given organocatalytic process.

Appropriate use criteria for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR): SIC-SIRM position paper part 1 (ischemic and congenital heart diseases, cardio-oncology, cardiac masses and heart transplant).

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as new mainstream technique for the evaluation of patients with cardiac diseases, providing unique information to support clinical decision-making. This document has been developed by a joined group of experts of the Italian Society of Cardiology and Italian society of Radiology and aims to produce an updated consensus statement about the current state of technology and clinical applications of CMR. The writing committee consisted of members and experts of both societies who worked jointly to develop a more integrated approach in the field of cardiac radiology.

Visible Light Mediated Photocatalytic -Radical Cascade Reactivity of γ,δ-Unsaturated -Arylsulfonylhydrazones: A General Approach to Structurally Diverse Tetrahydropyridazines.

Tetrahydropyridazines are of particular interest for their versatility as intermediates in organic synthesis and display pharmacological activity in several domains. Here, we describe the photocatalytic synthesis of different tetrahydropyridazines starting from γ,δ-unsaturated -arylsulfonylhydrazones. Simple structural changes of substrates result into three different pathways beginning from a common -hydrazonyl radical, which evolves through a domino carboamination/dearomatization, a HAT process, or a photoinduced radical Smiles rearrangement to afford diverse tetrahydropyridazines.

CMR in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance has always been more often used in the last 10 years in evaluation of heart disease. Role in diagnosis of ischemia and in evaluation of myocardial infarction is well established by many scientific papers and included in current guidelines. High accuracy in evaluation of stress-induced ischemia, tissue characterization and functional parameters are the pillars the make the method widely used.

Interatrial conduction times in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients with normal atrial volume and their correlation with areas of local prolonged bipolar electrograms.

Background: Recent evidence has shown that the presence of abnormal substrate can be demonstrated also among patients with "lone" AF.

Objectives: Interatrial conduction slowing is likely to characterize patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) and it could be correlated to the left atrium area of prolonged local bipolar endocardial electrograms.

Methods: P-wave duration (PWD), amplified PWD and endocavitary interatrial conduction time (IACT), were analyzed in 60 patients; 30 undergoing de novo ablation for paroxysmal AF with normal atrial volumes and without any other cardiac disease and 30 of similar age undergoing electrophysiological study for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia or atrioventricular re- entrant tachycardia.

Caesium for Perovskite Solar Cells: An Overview.

Perovskite solar cells have the potential to revolutionize the world of photovoltaics, and their efficiency close to 23 % on a lab-scale recently certified this novel technology as the one with the most rapidly raising performance per year in the whole story of solar cells. With the aim of improving stability, reproducibility and spectral properties of the devices, in the last three years the scientific community strongly focused on Cs-doping for hybrid (typically, organolead) perovskites. In parallel, to further contrast hygroscopicity and reach thermal stability, research has also been carried out to achieve the development of all-inorganic perovskites based on caesium, the performances of which are rapidly increasing.

Enamine/Dienamine and Brønsted Acid Catalysis: Elusive Intermediates, Reaction Mechanisms, and Stereoinduction Modes Based on in Situ NMR Spectroscopy and Computational Studies.

Over the years, the field of enantioselective organocatalysis has seen unparalleled growth in the development of novel synthetic applications with respect to mechanistic investigations. Reaction optimization appeared to be rather empirical than rational. This offset between synthetic development and mechanistic understanding was and is generally due to the difficulties in detecting reactive intermediates and the inability to experimentally evaluate transition states.

Organocatalytic synthesis of axially chiral atropisomers.

This Review summarises the recent progress made in the organocatalytic synthesis of atropisomeric compounds. Methodologies based on dynamic kinetic resolution and direct access to BINOL-like biaryls are described. A particular emphasis is given to reaction mechanisms and to the development of strategies to obtain stable products by increasing the barrier to atropisomer interconversion during the reaction.

Decrypting Transition States by Light: Photoisomerization as a Mechanistic Tool in Brønsted Acid Catalysis.

Despite the wide applicability of enantioselective Brønsted acid catalysis, experimental insight into transition states is very rare, and most of the mechanistic knowledge is gained by theoretical calculations. Here, we present an alternative approach (decrypting transition state by light = DTS-hν), which enables the decryption of the transition states involved in chiral phosphoric acids catalyzed addition of nucleophiles to imines. Photoisomerization of double bonds is employed as a mechanistic tool.

Italian Registry of Cardiac Computed Tomography.

Purpose: Cardiac CT (CCT) is an imaging modality that is becoming a standard in clinical cardiology. We evaluated indications, safety, and impact on patient management of routine CCT in a multicenter national registry.

Materials And Methods: During a period of 6 months, 47 centers in Italy enrolled 3,455 patients.

Kinetic resolution of oxazinones: rational exploration of chemical space through the design of experiments.

The organocatalytic kinetic resolution of 4-substituted oxazinones has been optimised (selectivity factor S up to 98, chiral oxazinone ee values up to 99.6 % (1 a-g) and product ee values up to 90 % (3 a-g)) in a rational way by applying the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach.

Correlation between epicardial fat and cigarette smoking: CT imaging in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Background: The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between cigarette smoking and epicardial fat in a cohort of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) at risk for coronary artery disease.

Methods: We studied, in primary prevention, 54 subjects diagnosed with MetS. According to their smoking habits, the subjects were divided into two groups: smokers and non-smokers.