Efficient activation of persulfate by copper-coated nano zero-valent iron for degradation of nitrogenous disinfection by-products: The key role of Cu.

The essential shortcoming of rapid passivation deactivation limits the efficient application of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) in eliminating disinfection byproducts from drinking water. Copper-coated nano zero-valent iron (Cu-nZVI) bimetallic composites were synthesized to efficiently activate persulfate (PS) to remove nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR). By introducing Cu-coated coatings, nZVI is protected from direct contact with PS; thus, Cu-nZVI appears to activate PS efficiently and stably without rapid deactivation.

Barriers to Effective Prehospital and Hyperacute Stroke Care in India: A Physician Perspective.

Introduction: The incidence of stroke is increasing in India. Prehospital stroke care is crucial for reducing stroke morbidity and mortality, but its implementation in India faces several challenges. Limited original research exists on prehospital stroke care in India, making it essential to identify the problems in implementing effective prehospital stroke care.

Highly selective nitrate reduction to N by Cu-nZVI/LDH bimetallic composite: Mechanism, reaction pathway and strategy for enhanced N formation.

Due to the highly reductive capacity of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI), the reduction of nitrate (NO-N) is prone to produce ammonia (NH-N) as a by-product and has low selectivity for nitrogen gas (N). Selective conversion of NO-N to harmless N by regulating reaction pathway is the key to improve the reduction and nitrogen removal performance of nZVI-based materials. In this study, metal copper (Cu) was added to nZVI to prepare Cu-nZVI/LDH bimetallic composites.

Revisiting dezocine for opioid use disorder: A narrative review of its potential abuse liability.

Aims: Opioid use disorder (OUD) remains a serious public health problem. Opioid maintenance treatment is effective but under-utilized, hard to access under existing federal regulations, and, once patients achieve OUD stability, challenging to discontinue. Fewer than 2% of persons with OUD stop using opioids completely.

A critical review of nitrate reduction by nano zero-valent iron-based composites for enhancing N selectivity.

Due to the highly reductive capacity of nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles, the reduction of nitrate (NO-N) is prone to produce ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) as a by-product and has low selectivity for nitrogen gas (N). Water and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the solution consume electrons from nZVI, decreasing the efficiency of NO-N reduction. In order to overcome the drawbacks of plain nZVI being used to remove NO-N pollution, nZVI-based multifunctional materials have been constructed to realize the selective conversion of NO-N to N as well as the efficient removal of NO-N.

Results from a real-world study: a novel glycosyltransferase risk score for prognosis, tumor microenvironment phenotypes and immunotherapy in bladder cancer.

Background: Although immunotherapy shows tremendous potential in the treatment of bladder cancer (BLCA), the overall prognosis and response rates to immunotherapy in BLCA remain suboptimal.

Methods: We performed an extensive evaluation of glycosyltransferase expression patterns in BLCA patients by analyzing 210 glycosyltransferase-related genes. Subsequently, we established correlations between these glycosyltransferase patterns, prognosis, and tumor microenvironment (TME) phenotypes.

Perioperative Opioid Usage Monitoring and Waste.

This editorial discusses the status and issues related to perioperative opioid usage monitoring and waste. Opioid detection of wasted material is briefly discussed also. Flowlytics from Invistics is a digital system to monitor opioid usage and waste in medical facilities.

Prehospital Factors Associated with Delayed Hospital Arrival of Stroke Patients: A Regional Single-Center Study from India.

Background: Only a small percentage of patients with acute stroke are currently eligible for thrombolysis, partly due to severe delays in hospital arrival. We had previously conducted the first regional study to assess the factors delaying acute stroke care in India. The present study aims to understand and describe in depth the variables associated with prehospital delay among patients admitted with an acute ischemic stroke.

Non-scheduled short-acting opioid to taper off opioids?

This commentary discusses the issues related to the current pharmacotherapy using super long-acting opioids (for the potential convenience for both patients and medical providers) for opioid addiction and argues for the potential to use a non-scheduled short-acting opioid to taper off opioids to reduce total number of patients on opioids and ultimately reduce opioid-related death. This article also proposes to develop short-acting opioids for addiction management instead of the current long-acting regimen. The authors further suggest that dezocine, a previously FDA approved medication for perioperative pain management and a non-scheduled opioid, be brought back to clinical practice in the US as a potential alternative addiction management medication, especially for those who are highly motivated to quit opioids completely using a taper off strategy.

Clinical practice guidelines for prevention and treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal disorder with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (2023).

Postoperative gastrointestinal disorder (POGD) was a common complication after surgery under anesthesia. Strategies in combination with Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine showed some distinct effects but standardized clinical practice guidelines were not available. Thus, a multidisciplinary expert team from various professional bodies including the Perioperative and Anesthesia Professional Committees of the Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine (CAIM), jointly with Gansu Province Clinical Research Center of Integrative Anesthesiology/Anesthesia and Pain Medical Center of Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and WHO Collaborating Center for Guideline Implementation and Knowledge Translation/Chinese Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Center/Gansu Provincial Center for Medical Guideline Industry Technology/Evidence-based Medicine Center of Lanzhou University, was established to develop evidence-based guidelines.

2024 US-China Round Table Consensus Discussion on Perioperative Opioid Management.

An expert panel including policy experts, society leaders, anesthesiologists, pain specialist, pharmacologist, a medicinal chemist, basic and clinical scientists, physician entrepreneurs, educators, and leaders from pharmaceutical companies from the United States and China had a round table discussion on the current issues and potential solutions related to perioperative opioid management. The inappropriate usage of opioids in the perioperative period remains an important safety concern for patients, care providers, and the general public across the world. There is a huge difference in usage practice of opioids between China and USA, therefore, to bring experts from both sides could generate new viewpoints or consensus in driving better pain control with safer usage of opioids for patients in different medical systems, which might be applicable to many countries and regions.

Synergistic effect and mechanism of nZVI/LDH composites adsorption coupled reduction of nitrate in micro-polluted water.

In this study, nZVI/LDH composites were prepared by loading nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) on layered double hydroxide (LDH) surface for adsorption coupled reduction of nitrate (NO-N). The results showed that the removal of NO-N and total nitrogen (TN) by the nZVI/LDH composites was 88.64% and 77.

Artificial Macrophage with Hierarchical Nanostructure for Biomimetic Reconstruction of Antitumor Immunity.

Artificial cells are constructed from synthetic materials to imitate the biological functions of natural cells. By virtue of nanoengineering techniques, artificial cells with designed biomimetic functions provide alternatives to natural cells, showing vast potential for biomedical applications. Especially in cancer treatment, the deficiency of immunoactive macrophages results in tumor progression and immune resistance.

A new formulation of dezocine, Cyc-dezocine, reduces oxycodone self-administration in female and male rats.

Dezocine is a partial mu opioid receptor agonist previously used as an analgesic for perioperative acute pain in the US and is now the most used perioperative analgesic in China. In general, dezocine is well-tolerated, with relatively minimal risk of fatal respiratory depression. To our knowledge, there are no reports of dezocine addiction, which suggests that the abuse liability of dezocine is low.

Cascaded Nanozyme with In Situ Enhanced Photothermal Capacity for Tumor-Specific and Self-Replenishing Cancer Therapy.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-involved tumor therapeutic strategy, chemodynamic therapy (CDT), has attracted extensive research interest in the scientific community. However, the therapeutic effect of CDT is insufficient and unsustainable owing to the limited endogenous H O level in the tumor microenvironment. Here, peroxidase (POD)-like RuTe nanozyme with the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) and allochroic 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) molecule have been synthesized to construct RuTe -GOx-TMB nanoreactors (RGT NRs) as cascade reaction systems for tumor-specific and self-replenishing cancer therapy.

Age and geographic disparities in acute ischaemic stroke prehospital delays in China: a cross-sectional study using national stroke registry data.

Background: Stroke has been the leading cause of death in China for decades. The extremely low intravenous thrombolysis rate is largely due to the prehospital delays that make patients ineligible for the time-sensitive therapy. Limited studies evaluated prehospital delays across China.

Results of an international survey on the status of prehospital care.

Background: Prehospital care including recognition of stroke symptoms by the public and professionals combined with an efficient and effective emergency medical service (EMS) is essential to increase access to effective acute stroke care. We undertook a survey to document the status of stroke prehospital care globally.

Methods: A survey was distributed via email to the World Stroke Organization (WSO) members.

Acute and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation of Erythrocyte Membrane-Coated Boron Nitride Nanoparticles.

Boron nitride nanoparticles have been reported for boron drug delivery. However, its toxicity has not been systematically elucidated. It is necessary to clarify their potential toxicity profile after administration for clinical application.

Nitrogen-Centered Lactate Oxidase Nanozyme for Tumor Lactate Modulation and Microenvironment Remodeling.

Designing nanozymes that match natural enzymes have always been an attractive and challenging goal. In general, researchers mainly focus on the construction of metal centers and the control of non-metallic ligands of nanozyme to regulate their activities. However, this is not applicable to lactate oxidase, i.

Dyngo-4a Induces Neuroblastoma Cell Differentiation Through The AKT and ERK1/2 Pathway.

Aim: The aim of the study is to check whether dyngo-4a can inhibit neuroblastoma (NB) proliferation and induce NB cell differentiation Background: Dynamin plays a role in regulating neurotransmission, signaling pathways, nutrient uptake, and pathogen infection, enhancing cell proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Studies have reported that dyngo-4a, a dynamin inhibitor, can be used to identify potential biomarkers and promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.

Objective: To our knowledge, no published reports are showing that dynamin inhibitors can reduce NB cell proliferation and induce differentiation.