MitoQ enhances CYP19A1 expression to stimulate WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway for promoting hair growth in androgenetic alopecia.

Increased sensitivity to androgens and androgen receptors is the underlying cause of androgenetic alopecia (AGA), a hereditary disease. Our study investigated the preventive effects of MitoQ on dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent hair loss from three perspectives: in vivo, in vitro, and network pharmacology. A mouse model of AGA was used to assess the effectiveness of MitoQ intervention.

NAcM-OPT protects keratinocytes from HO-induced cell damage by promoting autophagy.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of NAcM-OPT, a small molecule inhibitor of defective in cullin neddylation 1 (DCN1), on HO-induced oxidative damage in keratinocytes. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were treated with NAcM-OPT and exposed to oxidative stress. CCK-8 assays were used to measure cell viability.

The role of regulatory T cells in vitiligo and therapeutic advances: a mini-review.

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play vital roles in controlling immune reactions and maintaining immune tolerance in the body. The targeted destruction of epidermal melanocytes by activated CD8T cells is a key event in the development of vitiligo. However, Tregs may exert immunosuppressive effects on CD8T cells, which could be beneficial in treating vitiligo.

DCUN1D1, a new molecule involved in depigmentation via upregulating CXCL10.

CD8 T cells in the lesioned site play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The chemokine CXCL10 secreted by keratinocytes regulates the migration of CD8 T cells into the skin. In our previous study, we found that DCUN1D1 expression in vitiligo lesions positively correlates with Cxcl10 expression.

Crystal structure of plant PLDα1 reveals catalytic and regulatory mechanisms of eukaryotic phospholipase D.

Phospholipase D (PLD) hydrolyzes the phosphodiester bond of glycerophospholipids and produces phosphatidic acid (PA), which acts as a second messenger in many living organisms. A large number of PLDs have been identified in eukaryotes, and are viewed as promising targets for drug design because these enzymes are known to be tightly regulated and to function in the pathophysiology of many human diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of catalysis and regulation of eukaryotic PLD remain elusive.